Share This Page
Suppliers and packagers for generic pharmaceutical drug: loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate
✉ Email this page to a colleague
loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate
Listed suppliers include manufacturers, repackagers, relabelers, and private labeling entitities.
| Applicant | Tradename | Generic Name | Dosage | NDA | NDA/ANDA | Supplier | Package Code | Package | Marketing Start |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayer Healthcare Llc | CLARITIN-D | loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate | TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE;ORAL | 019670 | NDA | Bayer HealthCare LLC. | 11523-7162-1 | 1 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON (11523-7162-1) / 10 TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BLISTER PACK | 2009-12-01 |
| Bayer Healthcare Llc | CLARITIN-D | loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate | TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE;ORAL | 019670 | NDA | Bayer HealthCare LLC. | 11523-7162-2 | 2 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON (11523-7162-2) / 10 TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BLISTER PACK | 2009-12-01 |
| Bayer Healthcare Llc | CLARITIN-D | loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate | TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE;ORAL | 019670 | NDA | Bayer HealthCare LLC. | 11523-7162-3 | 3 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON (11523-7162-3) / 10 TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BLISTER PACK | 2009-12-01 |
| >Applicant | >Tradename | >Generic Name | >Dosage | >NDA | >NDA/ANDA | >Supplier | >Package Code | >Package | >Marketing Start |
Suppliers for the Pharmaceutical Drugs: Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine Sulfate
Introduction
The pharmaceutical landscape for antihistamines like Loratadine and decongestants such as Pseudoephedrine Sulfate is complex, driven by global demand, regulatory frameworks, and manufacturing capabilities. Both drugs are pivotal in allergy and cold treatment regimens, with Loratadine serving as a non-sedating antihistamine and Pseudoephedrine Sulfate functioning primarily as a nasal decongestant. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the key suppliers, manufacturing dynamics, and supply chain considerations for these widely used medications.
Loratadine: Supplier Landscape and Manufacturing
Global Manufacturing and Key Players
Loratadine, a second-generation antihistamine, is produced predominantly by pharmaceutical giants and generic manufacturers across North America, Europe, and Asia. Its global use under brand names like Claritin (by Bayer/Schering-Plough), and numerous generics, underscores a competitive manufacturing environment.
Major suppliers include:
-
Merck & Co.: As the original innovator, Merck held patents and was a primary supplier during the drug's initial years. Although patent expiry has led to generics, Merck continues to manufacture and supply Loratadine in certain markets.
-
Sandoz (Novartis): A leading generic manufacturer with broad market penetration for Loratadine worldwide, especially in Europe and North America.
-
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries: One of the largest generic drug producers globally, Teva supplies Loratadine in various formulations and dosages.
-
Mylan (now part of Viatris): A significant generic supplier, Mylan produces Loratadine in multiple markets, often at competitive prices.
-
Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories: An Indian firm with an extensive portfolio of antihistamines, including Loratadine.
-
Zydus Cadila: An Indian pharmaceutical firm involved in Loratadine manufacture and export.
Manufacturing Challenges and Regulatory Considerations
Manufacturing Loratadine involves complex synthesis routes that demand strict quality controls. Suppliers must comply with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) outlined by agencies such as the FDA (USA), EMA (Europe), and MHRA (UK). Regulatory approvals and certifications are critical, impacting supplier selection and supply chain stability for international distributors.
Supply Chain Dynamics
The supply chain for Loratadine has experienced disruptions due to raw material shortages, regulatory scrutiny, and manufacturing delays. Notably, India and China dominate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) production, which supplies the basis for Loratadine synthesis, emphasizing the geopolitical and logistical factors influencing availability.
Pseudoephedrine Sulfate: Supplier Landscape and Key Considerations
Market Overview and Regulatory Context
Pseudoephedrine Sulfate is classified as a List I chemical under the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act (CMEA) in the U.S., due to its use in illicit methamphetamine production. This classification significantly impacts suppliers and distribution channels, requiring stringent tracking and record-keeping.
Major Suppliers and Regions
-
Raw Material Suppliers: Major API suppliers include Chinese and Indian pharmaceutical companies, such as:
-
Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (China): A leading manufacturer of Pseudoephedrine APIs.
-
Wuhan Sincere Chempharm Co. Ltd. (China): Supplies bulk API to international markets.
-
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (India): Engages in API manufacturing, including Pseudoephedrine.
-
-
Finished Dosage Form Manufacturers:
-
GSK (GlaxoSmithKline): Historically a major producer of decongestant medications containing Pseudoephedrine.
-
Sanofi: Offers combination cold remedies with pseudoephedrine.
-
Teva and Mylan: Produce over-the-counter (OTC) formulations containing Pseudoephedrine Sulfate.
-
Regulatory and Legal Constraints
The requirement for semi-annual reporting, purchase limits, and secure storage increases costs and operational complexity for suppliers. Many manufacturers operate under strict licensing regimes in the U.S., Canada, and the EU, impacting global supply availability.
Manufacturing Challenges
Producing Pseudoephedrine involves handling controlled substances, necessitating infrastructure that ensures compliance with anti-diversion laws. Raw material sourcing from China and India introduces vulnerabilities related to export restrictions, quality standards, and geopolitical tensions.
Key Geographic and Regulatory Influences on Supply
Asia—India and China
Asia remains the dominant region for API production, especially for Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine. Indian companies like Sun Pharma, Dr. Reddy’s, and Zydus Cadila, along with Chinese manufacturers like Zhejiang Hisun, sustain significant supply capacity. However, export restrictions and quality control concerns occasionally disrupt supply.
North America and Europe
These regions rely on a mix of local manufacturing, imports, and inventories from Asia. Stringent regulatory oversight and quality standards influence supplier credibility and dependability.
Regulatory Impact
The global supply chain for Pseudoephedrine is heavily influenced by drug precursor regulations. The U.S. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) sets manufacturing quotas and monitors transactions to prevent diversion. Similar frameworks exist in the EU and Asia, affecting supply stability.
Supply Chain Risks and Mitigation Strategies
-
Raw Material Shortages: Dependence on Asian API producers creates vulnerability to geopolitical and logistical disruptions.
-
Regulatory Constraints: Strict controls on Pseudoephedrine handling increase costs and limit stocking levels.
-
Environmental and Political Factors: Export restrictions, trade tensions, and environmental policies impact manufacturing continuity.
-
Quality Control Concerns: Ensuring API purity and consistent formulation quality is critical, especially when sourcing from multiple vendors.
Mitigation measures include diversifying suppliers, establishing strategic inventories, and engaging with reputable, compliant manufacturers.
Market Trends and Future Outlook
Advancements in synthetic chemistry may lead to the development of alternative compounds, reducing dependence on traditional APIs like Pseudoephedrine. Additionally, regulatory liberalization in some regions could influence market availability, though concerns over diversion maintain strict controls.
Loratadine's market is expected to see sustained demand, with generic manufacturers expanding capacities to meet global needs. Pseudoephedrine's future remains intertwined with regulatory reforms, and companies must adapt to evolving legal frameworks.
Conclusion
The supply landscape for Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine Sulfate is characterized by a concentrated manufacturing base, predominantly in Asia, and a heavily regulated distribution environment, particularly for controlled substances like Pseudoephedrine. Key suppliers such as Teva, Mylan, and Indian firms like Sun Pharma dominate Loratadine supply, while Chinese and Indian manufacturers primarily provide Pseudoephedrine APIs.
The delicate balance between regulatory compliance, geopolitical factors, and manufacturing capacity underscores the importance of strategic sourcing and risk mitigation. As global demand persists, stakeholders must navigate complex legal frameworks, maintain quality standards, and develop resilient supply chains.
Key Takeaways
-
Diversify Suppliers: Relying on multiple reputable manufacturers mitigates risks associated with regional supply disruptions.
-
Regulatory Awareness: Strict controls on Pseudoephedrine require comprehensive compliance strategies to avoid legal complications.
-
Geopolitical Factors: Monitor export policies and geopolitical tensions in Asia that impact API availability.
-
Quality Assurance: Prioritize vendors with demonstrated GMP compliance and quality certifications to ensure product integrity.
-
Technological Innovation: Stay informed on emerging syntheses and alternative formulations that could influence future supply dynamics.
FAQs
1. Who are the leading global suppliers of Loratadine?
Major suppliers include Merck & Co., Sandoz (Novartis), Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Mylan (Viatris), Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, and Zydus Cadila, mainly operating across North America, Europe, and Asia.
2. How does the regulation of Pseudoephedrine affect its supply?
Pseudoephedrine is classified as a List I chemical under the CMEA, requiring strict licensing, purchase limits, and transaction tracking, which constrains production and distribution.
3. Can alternative antihistamines replace Loratadine?
Yes, other second-generation antihistamines like Cetirizine and Fexofenadine serve as substitutes, with similar efficacy and safety profiles.
4. What are the main raw material sources for Loratadine API?
The primary sources are Chinese and Indian manufacturers, specializing in complex chemical syntheses compliant with GMP standards.
5. Are there ongoing efforts to develop non-control alternatives to Pseudoephedrine?
Yes, research is ongoing into alternative decongestants and formulations that bypass stricter regulations, but widespread adoption is pending regulatory approvals and clinical validation.
More… ↓
