Details for Patent: 7,803,390

Title:	Stable hydroalcoholic compositions
Abstract:	A hydroalcoholic lotion is disclosed which comprises (a) a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 35:65 to 100:0, and (b) between at least 0.5% and 8% by weight thickener system comprised of at least one emulsifier present in at least 0.05% by weight wherein the composition in a polymer free state has a viscosity of at least 4,000 centipoise at 23 degrees C. and wherein the emulsifier is comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic group. The hydroalcoholic composition is useful as a hand preparation such as a lotion or as a presurgical scrub replacement.
Inventor(s):	Asmus; Robert A. (Hudson, WI), Scholz; Matthew T. (Woodbury, MN), Charpentier; Jill R. (Minnetonka, MN)
Assignee:	3M Innovative Properties Company (St. Paul, MN)
Filing Date:	Jan 26, 2006
Application Number:	11/340,778
Claims:	1. A hydroalcoholic skin disinfection composition comprising: a) a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 35:65 to about 95:5; b) at least one emulsifier in an amount of at least about 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition; and c) at least one emollient; wherein at least one emollient is a humectant, at least one emollient is a wax at room temperature and is a soluble species in the solvent phase; and further wherein at least one emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer surfactant having the following chemical structure: (CH.sub.3).sub.3--Si--O--[Si(CH.sub.3)R.sub.11--O].sub.x[Si(CH.sub.3)R.su- b.8--O].sub.y--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 where x+y=5-400, preferably 15-200, and R.sub.8 is a polyether substituted alkyl group with the structure: --R.sub.9--O(C.sub.2H.sub.4O)p(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)qR.sub.10; where R.sub.9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.10 is hydrogen or an alky group of 1-22 carbon atoms; R.sub.11 is an alkyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or phenyl; p=2-300, preferably 8-100; and q=0-100 d) an antimicrobial agent distinct from the lower alcohol. 2. The composition of claim 1 in the form of a foam. 3. The composition of claim 1 in the form of a mousse. 4. A composition comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 100:0; b) an antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of a chlorhexidine salt, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, Lauricidin, a phenol, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, and a mixture thereof and c) at least one emulsifier in an amount of at least about 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition; wherein the emulsifier comprises: (i) at least one hydrophobic group selected from the group of: (A) an alkyl group of at least 24 carbon atoms; (B) an alkenyl group of at least 24 carbon atoms; and (C) an aralkyl or an aralkenyl group of at least 24 carbon atoms; and (ii) at least one hydrophilic group selected from the group of: (A) an ethylene oxide- and/or propylene oxide-containing group bonded to the hydrophobic group through an ether or ester bond and optionally terminated with a (C1-C36)alkyl ester, (C2-C36)alkenyl ester, or (C6-C36)alkaryl ester; (B) an alcohol group; (C) a polyhydric alcohol group; (D) an ester or ether group of a polyhydric alcohol or polyalkoxylated derivative thereof (E) an ester or ether group of sorbitan or polyalkoxylated derivative thereof having 2-150 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrophobic group; and (F) combinations thereof. 5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the composition has a melt temperature of greater than about 25.degree. C. 6. The composition of claim 4 wherein the composition has a viscosity of at least about 25.5 centipoise at 23.degree. C. 7. The composition of claim 4 wherein the emulsifier includes at least two hydrophobic groups. 8. The composition of claim 4 comprising at least two emulsifiers. 9. The composition of claim 4 further comprising at least one emollient distinct from the emulsifier. 10. The composition of claim 9 wherein at least one emollient is insoluble in the hydroalcoholic solvent. 11. The composition of claim 9 wherein at least one emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer surfactant. 12. A hydroalcoholic composition comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 75:25; b) an antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of a chlorhexidine salt, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, Lauricidin, a phenol, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, and a mixture thereof and c) an emulsifier system comprised of at least one emulsifier in an amount of at least about 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition; wherein the emulsifier comprises: (i) at least one hydrophobic group selected from the group of: (A) an alkyl group of at least 16 carbon atoms; (B) an alkenyl group of at least 16 carbon atoms; and (C) an aralkyl or an aralkenyl group of at least 20 carbon atoms; and (ii) at least one hydrophilic group selected from the group of: (A) an ethylene oxide- and/or propylene oxide-containing group bonded to the hydrophobic group through an ether or ester bond and optionally terminated with a (C1-C36)alkyl ester, (C2-C36)alkenyl ester, or (C6-C36)alkaryl ester; (B) an alcohol group; (C) a polyhydric alcohol group; (D) an ester or ether group of a polyhydric alcohol or polyalkoxylated derivative thereof; (E) an ester or ether group of sorbitan or polyalkoxylated derivative thereof having 2-150 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrophobic group; and (F) combinations thereof; wherein: the emulsifier system has a weight average hydrophile/lipophile balance of about 4 to about 16; the composition has a melt temperature of greater than about 35.degree. C.; and the composition is stable. 13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the emulsifier includes at least two hydrophobic groups. 14. The composition of claim 12 comprising at least two emulsifiers. 15. The composition of claim 12 further comprising at least one emollient distinct from the emulsifier. 16. The composition of claim 15 wherein at least one emollient is insoluble in the hydroalcoholic solvent. 17. The composition of claim 15 wherein at least one emollient is essentially insoluble in water but soluble in the hydroalcoholic solvent. 18. The composition of claim 15 wherein at least one emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymers surfactant. 19. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; b) an emulsifier comprising at least one long chain hydrocarbon of at least 22 carbon atoms; and c) an emollients, wherein the emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer having the following chemical structure: (CH.sub.3).sub.3--Si--O--[Si(CH.sub.3)R.sub.11--O].sub.x[Si(CH.sub.3)R.su- b.8--O].sub.y--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 where x+y=5-400, preferably 15-200, and R.sub.8 is a polyether substituted alkyl group with the structure: --R.sub.9--O(C.sub.2H.sub.4O)p(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)qR.sub.10; where R.sub.9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms R.sub.10 is hydrogen or an alky group of 1-22 carbon atoms R.sub.11 is an alkyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or phenyl; p=2-300, preferably 8-100; and q=0-100. 20. The foam of claim 19 further comprising an auxiliary thickener. 21. The foam of claim 19 further comprising at least one polyethoxylated emulsifier. 22. The foam of claim 19 further comprising an antimicrobial agent distinct from the lower alcohol. 23. The foam of claim 22 wherein the antimicrobial agent is a chlorhexidine salt. 24. The foam of claim 23 wherein the chlorhexidine salt is chlorhexidine gluconate. 25. The foam of claim 19 further comprising a propellant. 26. The foam of claim 19 further comprising an additional emulsifier or emollient. 27. The foam of claim 19 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:5 to about 5:1. 28. The foam of claim 19 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:3 to about 3:1. 29. The foam of claim 19 further comprising a polydialkoxysiloxane. 30. The foam of claim 29 wherein the polydialkoxysiloxane is a dialkoxy dimethicone having the following chemical structure: R--O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O].sub.z--Si(CH.sub.3).su- b.2--OR where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 14-50, and z=5-300. 31. The foam of claim 19 wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, and mixture thereof. 32. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 47.7 wt-%; b) a polyethoxylated emulsifier comprising at least one long chain hydrocarbon of at least 18 carbon atoms; and c) an emollient, wherein the emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer having the following chemical structure: (CH.sub.3).sub.3--Si--O--[Si(CH.sub.3)R.sub.11--O].sub.x[Si(CH.sub.3)R.s- ub.8--O].sub.y--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 where x+y=5-400, preferably 15-200, and R.sub.8 is a polyether substituted alkyl group with the structure: --R.sub.9--O(C.sub.2H.sub.4O)p(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)qR.sub.10; where R.sub.9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms R.sub.10 is hydrogen or an alky group of 1-22 carbon atoms R.sub.11 is an alkyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or phenyl; p=2-300, preferably 8-100; and q=0-100. 33. The foam of claim 32 further comprising an auxiliary thickener. 34. The foam of claim 32 further comprising an antimicrobial agent distinct from the lower alcohol. 35. The foam of claim 32 wherein the antimicrobial agent is a chlorhexidine salt. 36. The foam of claim 35 wherein the chlorhexidine salt is chlorhexidine gluconate. 37. The foam of claim 32 further comprising a propellant. 38. The foam of claim 32 further comprising an additional emulsifier or emollient. 39. The foam of claim 32 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:5 to about 5:1. 40. The foam of claim 32 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:3 to about 3:1. 41. The foam of claim 32 further comprising a polydialkoxysiloxane. 42. The foam of claim 41 wherein the polydialkoxysiloxane is a dialkoxy dimethicone having the following chemical structure: R--O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O].sub.z--Si(CH.sub.3).su- b.2--OR where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 14-50, and z=5-300. 43. The foam of claim 32 wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, and mixture thereof. 44. The foam of claim 32 wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 60 wt-%. 45. The foam of claim 32 wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 66.5 wt-%. 46. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; b) an emulsifier comprising at least one long chain hydrocarbon of at least 22 carbon atoms; and c) an emollient, wherein the emollient is a dialkoxy dimethicone having the following chemical structure: R--O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O].sub.z--Si(CH.sub.3).su- b.2--OR where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 14-50, and z=5-300. 47. The foam of claim 46 further comprising an auxiliary thickener. 48. The foam of claim 46 further comprising at least one polyethoxylated emulsifier. 49. The foam of claim 46 further comprising an antimicrobial agent distinct from the lower alcohol. 50. The foam of claim 49 wherein the antimicrobial agent is a chlorhexidine salt. 51. The foam of claim 50 wherein the chlorhexidine salt is chlorhexidine gluconate. 52. The foam of claim 46 further comprising a propellant. 53. The foam of claim 46 further comprising an additional emulsifier or emollient. 54. The foam of claim 46 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:5 to about 5:1. 55. The foam of claim 46 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:3 to about 3:1. 56. The foam of claim 46 further comprising a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer. 57. The foam of claim 46 wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, and mixture thereof. 58. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 47.7 wt-%; b) a polyethoxylated emulsifier comprising at least one long chain hydrocarbon of at least 18 carbon atoms; and c) an emollient, wherein the emollient is a dialkoxy dimethicone having the following chemical structure: R--O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O].sub.z--Si(CH.sub.3).su- b.2--OR where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 14-50, and z=5-300. 59. The foam of claim 58 further comprising an auxiliary thickener. 60. The foam of claim 58 further comprising an antimicrobial agent distinct from the lower alcohol. 61. The foam of claim 60 wherein the antimicrobial agent is a chlorhexidine salt. 62. The foam of claim 61 wherein the chlorhexidine salt is chlorhexidine gluconate. 63. The foam of claim 58 further comprising a propellant. 64. The foam of claim 58 further comprising an additional emulsifier or emollient. 65. The foam of claim 58 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:5 to about 5:1. 66. The foam of claim 58 wherein the ratio of wax to liquid emollients is about 1:3 to about 3:1. 67. The foam of claim 58 further comprising a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer. 68. The foam of claim 58 wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, and mixture thereof. 69. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 60 wt-%; b) a polyethoxylated emulsifier; and c) an emollient, wherein the emollient is a polyether/polysiloxane copolymer having the following chemical structure: (CH.sub.3).sub.3--Si--O--[Si(CH.sub.3)R.sub.11--O].sub.x[Si(CH.sub.3)R.su- b.8--O].sub.y--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 where x+y=5-400, preferably 15-200, and R.sub.8 is a polyether substituted alkyl group with the structure: --R.sub.9--O(C.sub.2H.sub.4O)p(C.sub.3H.sub.6O)qR.sub.10; where R.sub.9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.10 is hydrogen or an alky group of 1-22 carbon atoms; R.sub.11 is an alkyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or phenyl; p=2-300, preferably 8-100; and q=0-100. 70. A hydroalcoholic foam comprising: a) a hydroalcoholic solvent comprising a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 60:40 to about 85:15; wherein the lower alcohol is present in the hydroalcoholic foam in an amount of at least 60 wt-%; b) a polyethoxylated emulsifier; and c) an emollient, wherein the emollient is a dialkoxy dimethicone having the following chemical structure: R--O--Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O].sub.z--Si(CH.sub.3).su- b.2--OR where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 14-50, and z=5-300.