Details for Patent: 7,465,435

Title:	Delivery of beta-blockers through an inhalation route
Abstract:	The present invention relates to aerosols containing of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, or metoprolol that are used in inhalation therapy. In a method aspect of the present invention, of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, or metoprolol is administered to a patient through an inhalation route. The method comprises: a) heating a thin layer of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, or metoprolol, on a solid support to form a vapor; and, b) passing air through the heated vapor to produce aerosol particles having less than 5% drug degradation products. In a kit aspect of the present invention, a kit for delivering of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, or metoprolol through an inhalation route is provided which comprises: a) a thin coating of an atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, or metoprolol composition and b) a device for dispensing said thin coating as a condensation aerosol.
Inventor(s):	Rabinowitz; Joshua D (Princeton, NJ), Zaffaroni; Alejandro C (Atherton, CA)
Assignee:	Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Mountain View, CA)
Filing Date:	May 23, 2006
Application Number:	11/439,475
Claims:	1. A condensation aerosol for delivery of atenolol formed by heating a composition containing atenolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor and condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of atenolol and less than 5 percent by weight of atenolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 2. The condensation aerosol according to claim 1, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 3. The condensation aerosol according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the geometric standard deviation around the MMAD is less than 3.0. 4. A condensation aerosol for delivery of pindolol formed by heating a composition containing pindolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor and condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of pindolol and less than 5 percent by weight of pindolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 5. The condensation aerosol according to claim 4, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 6. The condensation aerosol according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the geometric standard deviation around the MMAD is less than 3.0. 7. A condensation aerosol for delivery of esmolol formed by heating a composition containing esmolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor and condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of esmolol and less than 5 percent by weight of esmolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 8. The condensation aerosol according to claim 7, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 9. The condensation aerosol according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the geometric standard deviation around the MMAD is less than 3.0. 10. A condensation aerosol for delivery of propranolol formed by heating a composition containing propranolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor and condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of propranolol and less than 5 percent by weight of propranolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 11. The condensation aerosol according to claim 10, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 12. The condensation aerosol according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the geometric standard deviation around the MMAD is less than 3.0. 13. A condensation aerosol for delivery of metoprolol formed by heating a composition containing metoprolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor and condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of metoprolol and less than 5 percent by weight of metoprolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 14. The condensation aerosol according to claim 13, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 15. The condensation aerosol according to claim 13 or claim 14, wherein the geometric standard deviation around the MMAD is less than 3.0. 16. A method of forming an atenolol containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating composition containing atenolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise less than 5 percent by weight of atenolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of atenolol. 19. A method of forming a pindolol containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing pindolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise less than 5 percent by weight of pindolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of pindolol. 22. A method of forming an esmolol containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing esmolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise less than 5 percent by weight of esmolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of esmolol. 25. A method of forming a propranolol containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing propranolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise less than 5 percent by weight of propranolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of propranolol. 28. A method of forming a metoprolol containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing metoprolol coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the particles comprise less than 5 percent by weight of metoprolol degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 29. The method according to claim 28, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of metoprolol. 31. A method of forming a drug containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing the drug and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, and metoprolol, and wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of the drug and less than 5 percent by weight of the drug degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of the drug. 34. A method of forming a drug containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing a salt form of the drug coated on a solid support to form a vapor; and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, and metoprolol, and wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of the drug and less than 5 percent by weight of the drug degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the coated composition comprises at least 10 percent by weight of the salt form of the drug. 37. The condensation aerosol according to claim 2, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 38. The condensation aerosol according to claim 5, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 39. The condensation aerosol according to claim 8, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 40. The condensation aerosol according to claim 11, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 41. The condensation aerosol according to claim 14, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 42. The method according to claim 17, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 43. The method according to claim 20, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 44. The method according to claim 23, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 45. The method according to claim 26, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 46. The method according to claim 29, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 47. The method according to claim 32, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 48. The method according to claim 35, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool. 49. A method of forming a drug containing aerosol comprising: (a) heating a composition containing the drug coated on a solid support to form a vapor, and (b) condensing the vapor to form a condensation aerosol comprising particles, wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of atenolol, pindolol, esmolol, propranolol, and metoprolol, wherein the condensation aerosol is formed at a rate greater than 0.5 mg/second, and wherein the particles comprise at least 10 percent by weight of the drug and less than 5 percent by weight of the drug degradation products, and the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of less than 5 microns. 50. The method according to claim 49, wherein the condensation aerosol has an MMAD of 0.2 to 3 microns. 51. The method according to claim 50, wherein the condensation aerosol is formed at a rate greater than 0.75 mg/second. 52. The method according to claim 51, wherein the condensation aerosol is formed at a rate greater than 1 mg/second. 53. The method according to claim 52, wherein the condensation aerosol is formed at a rate greater than 2 mg/second. 54. The method according to claim 49, wherein the condensing comprises allowing the vapor to cool.