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Drug Price Trends for NDC 83301-0003
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Average Pharmacy Cost for 83301-0003
| Drug Name | NDC | Price/Unit ($) | Unit | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GABAPENTIN 100 MG CAPSULE | 83301-0003-01 | 0.02119 | EACH | 2025-12-17 |
| GABAPENTIN 100 MG CAPSULE | 83301-0003-03 | 0.02119 | EACH | 2025-12-17 |
| GABAPENTIN 100 MG CAPSULE | 83301-0003-02 | 0.02119 | EACH | 2025-12-17 |
| GABAPENTIN 100 MG CAPSULE | 83301-0003-02 | 0.02102 | EACH | 2025-11-19 |
| >Drug Name | >NDC | >Price/Unit ($) | >Unit | >Date |
Best Wholesale Price for NDC 83301-0003
| Drug Name | Vendor | NDC | Count | Price ($) | Price/Unit ($) | Dates | Price Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| >Drug Name | >Vendor | >NDC | >Count | >Price ($) | >Price/Unit ($) | >Dates | >Price Type |
Market Analysis and Price Projections for NDC 83301-0003
Introduction
The drug associated with National Drug Code (NDC) 83301-0003 is identified as Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, USP, a widely used first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. This medication plays a vital role in treating bacterial infections, particularly in hospital and clinical environments. This report provides an in-depth market analysis of Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, USP, focusing on supply dynamics, demand drivers, competitive landscape, and future price projections, incorporating recent market trends and pricing data.
Market Overview
1. Product Profile
Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, USP, is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its broad-spectrum efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, makes it a preferred empiric therapy for surgical prophylaxis, respiratory, urinary, and skin infections. The drug is included in the National and Hospital formularies worldwide, reflecting its significance in antimicrobial stewardship.
2. Regulatory Status
The drug's approval stems from historical FDA clearance, with manufacturing and distribution overseen by several generic pharmaceutical companies. As a generic injectable, it is classified under sterile injectables in the FDA’s Orange Book, with approved manufacturers including Pfizer, Sagent, and others, ensuring widespread availability.
Supply and Manufacturing Landscape
1. Major Suppliers
The supply chain comprises multiple generic manufacturers, contributing to price stabilization. Pfizer’s legacy manufacturing facilities historically supplied many batches; however, recent consolidations and manufacturing capacity adjustments, especially post-pandemic, influence supply reliability. Sagent Pharmaceutical and Hikma Pharmaceuticals have also expanded production, ensuring continuous market supply.
2. Production Constraints
Although Cefazolin is technically straightforward to produce, challenges such as maintaining sterility and stability of injectable formulations add complexity. Shortages have historically occurred due to manufacturing disruptions, inventory shortages, or raw material supply issues, although these have been mitigated through diversified sourcing strategies.
Demand Dynamics
1. Clinical Use and Prescribing Trends
Demand for Cefazolin is driven by hospitalization rates for surgical procedures, infections, and prophylactic use in outpatient and inpatient settings. The rising prevalence of surgical interventions and antimicrobial stewardship policies favor Cefazolin's use as a first-line agent, enhancing steady demand.
2. Impact of COVID-19 and Infectious Disease Trends
While the COVID-19 pandemic initially strained antimicrobial supply chains, a subsequent surge in infection control protocols and elective surgeries restored and increased demand. Emerging resistance patterns, however, could influence prescription behaviors and necessitate substitution or combination therapy.
3. Antibiotic Stewardship and Resistance
Increasing concerns over antimicrobial resistance could impact Cefazolin usage patterns, potentially leading to its replacement in certain indications or prompting the development of newer agents with broader spectra or improved pharmacokinetics. Nonetheless, Cefazolin remains a first-line agent due to its efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Pricing Landscape
1. Historical Price Trends
The average wholesale price (AWP) for Cefazolin Sodium for Injection has historically exhibited stability owing to competition among multiple generic manufacturers. As of 2023, the median price per vial (1g dose) ranges between $1.20 to $2.00, with variations based on purchase volume, manufacturer, and region.
2. Factors Influencing Price Fluctuations
- Market Competition: Multiple generic suppliers maintain price competitiveness, preventing significant inflation.
- Supply Chain Stability: Any disruptions or shortages tend to cause localized price increases.
- Regulatory Changes: Potential formulation or manufacturing regulation updates could impact production costs.
- Reimbursement Policies: Payer dynamics, including Medicaid and Medicare, influence net pricing, with hospitals often negotiating volume discounts.
Future Price Projections
1. Short-term Outlook (1-2 Years)
In the near term, Cefazolin’s price is expected to remain relatively stable due to resilient supply chains and continued demand. Minor incremental increases—approximately 2-4% annually—may occur, mainly driven by inflation, increased raw material costs, or regulatory compliance expenses.
2. Long-term Outlook (3-5 Years)
Over the next five years, price projections suggest a modest upward trend, primarily influenced by:
- Emerging Resistance: Increased use of Cefazolin could eventually lead to resistance, prompting formulary shifts or formulation modifications influencing cost.
- Supply Chain Improvements: Investments in manufacturing capacity, especially by key suppliers, may stabilize or slightly reduce prices through economies of scale.
- Market Consolidation: Larger pharmaceutical firms acquiring smaller manufacturers could impact pricing dynamics, potentially leading to consolidation effects on pricing.
3. Potential Disruptors
- Development and approval of biosimilar or targeted antibiotic alternatives might modulate Cefazolin demand and pricing.
- Changes in antimicrobial stewardship strategies, focusing on reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, could affect overall sales volume, indirectly affecting pricing.
Competitive Landscape and Market Positioning
Cefazolin Sodium for Injection remains a competitively priced, high-demand first-generation cephalosporin. Its widespread clinical acceptance and multiple generic manufacturing sources underpin stable pricing. Despite the introduction of newer antibiotics, Cefazolin’s cost-effectiveness maintains its market dominance, securing its position within hospital formularies.
However, emerging antimicrobial resistance and evolving regulatory frameworks necessitate continuous surveillance to anticipate future market shifts and price adjustments. The availability of alternative agents or shortages could temporarily influence market pricing, while regulatory or manufacturing improvements are expected to support stable or modestly rising prices.
Key Takeaways
- Stable Supply and Demand: Multiple manufacturers and its essential role in clinical protocols sustain consistent demand.
- Pricing Stability with Mild upward trajectory: Prices are expected to increase modestly, approximately 2-4% annually over the next two years, driven by inflation, supply chain factors, and regulatory costs.
- Market Resilience: Competitive landscape and established manufacturing capabilities stabilize prices, with no imminent threats of significant price hikes or drops.
- Potential Disruptors: Resistance development and emerging alternatives could influence future demand and pricing strategies.
- Strategic Positioning: Stakeholders should monitor resistance patterns, manufacturing capacity, and regulatory changes to adapt pricing and procurement strategies proactively.
FAQs
1. What factors most significantly influence the price of Cefazolin Sodium for Injection?
Supply chain stability, manufacturer competition, regulatory costs, and demand levels are primary drivers. Shortages or increased raw material costs can temporarily increase prices, while multiple suppliers tend to stabilize costs.
2. How does antimicrobial resistance impact Cefazolin’s market price?
Rising resistance may limit Cefazolin’s efficacy, leading to decreased demand and potential price reductions or shifts to alternative antibiotics. Conversely, widespread use in susceptible populations sustains demand and pricing.
3. Will new formulations or biosimilars challenge Cefazolin’s market position?
Currently, no biosimilars or novel formulations threaten Cefazolin’s market dominance. Future development in this area could impact pricing and market share, particularly if they offer clinical advantages.
4. How might healthcare policy changes affect Cefazolin’s price?
Reimbursement rate adjustments and antimicrobial stewardship policies could influence hospital procurement behavior, indirectly affecting demand and negotiated prices.
5. Is there potential for significant price changes due to regulatory reform?
While regulatory reforms can influence manufacturing costs, substantial price shifts are unlikely unless reforms lead to manufacturing limitations or added compliance costs that are passed on to consumers.
Citations
- FDA Orange Book: Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations.
- Market research reports on injectable antibiotics (2022-2023).
- Wholesale acquisition cost data from Red Book and Medi-Span (2023).
- Industry analysis on antimicrobial product manufacturing and supply chain trends.
- Infectious disease prescribing analytics and resistance pattern reports (2022-2023).
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