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Last Updated: January 21, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR TESTOSTERONE CYPIONATE


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All Clinical Trials for Testosterone Cypionate

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00853502 ↗ The Effect of Testosterone Replacement on Bone Mineral Density in Boys and Men With Anorexia Nervosa Withdrawn Massachusetts General Hospital Phase 2 2008-12-01 Decreased bone strength is a common and serious medical problem present in many people with anorexia nervosa. Men with anorexia nervosa have lower levels of gonadal steroids such as testosterone. Low testosterone levels have been shown to result in low bone density. We are investigating whether bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture are abnormal in males with anorexia nervosa and whether supplementation with testosterone would improve both bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture.
NCT00965341 ↗ Testosterone Replacement for Fatigue in Male Hypogonadic Advanced Cancer Patients Completed M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Phase 3 2009-09-01 The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if and how testosterone replacement therapy may affect fatigue in males with advanced cancer and low testosterone levels.
NCT01084759 ↗ A Pilot Study of Parenteral Testosterone and Oral Etoposide as Therapy for Men With Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Completed Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center N/A 2010-03-01 The objective of the study is to determine if men with evidence of progressive prostate cancer while on chronic androgen ablation of ≥ 1 year duration will exhibit a clinical response following administration of parenteral testosterone and oral etoposide. Treatment Plan: Eligible patients will continue on androgen ablative therapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist (i.e. Zoladex or Lupron) if not surgically castrated. Patients will receive intramuscular injection with testosterone cypionate at a dose of 400 mg every month for a total of 3 injections (i.e. 3 months of therapy). This dose was selected based on data demonstrating that it produces an initial supraphysiologic serum level of testosterone (i.e. > 3-5 times normal level) with eugonadal levels achieved at the end of two weeks. Beginning the day of the testosterone injection, patients will also receive oral etoposide 100 mg/day in divided doses (50 mg q 12h) x 14 days out of 28 days per cycle. After 3 months on therapy, patients will have repeat prostate specific antigen (PSA) and bone/computed tomography (CT) scans to establish the effect of combined testosterone and etoposide treatment on these parameters (i.e. "testosterone effect baseline"). Patients with sustained elevations in PSA ≥ 50% above pre-testosterone treatment PSA levels after the initial three months of testosterone and etoposide therapy will not receive continued therapy and will come off study. Patients with PSA levels less than the peak serum PSA level seen over the three month period (PSA decline) or patients with PSA ≤ 50% of pretreatment baseline will receive a second 3 month course of monthly testosterone and etoposide therapy until evidence of disease progression. Disease progression is defined as a PSA increase above the PSA level obtained after 3 months on testosterone treatment over two successive measurements 2 weeks apart or evidence of new lesions or progression on bone/CT scans compared to baseline studies. Patients who respond to initial treatment with testosterone and etoposide and then show signs of progression will have the option of retreatment with testosterone alone after a period of 3 months or greater off of the original therapy.
NCT01084759 ↗ A Pilot Study of Parenteral Testosterone and Oral Etoposide as Therapy for Men With Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Completed Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins N/A 2010-03-01 The objective of the study is to determine if men with evidence of progressive prostate cancer while on chronic androgen ablation of ≥ 1 year duration will exhibit a clinical response following administration of parenteral testosterone and oral etoposide. Treatment Plan: Eligible patients will continue on androgen ablative therapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist (i.e. Zoladex or Lupron) if not surgically castrated. Patients will receive intramuscular injection with testosterone cypionate at a dose of 400 mg every month for a total of 3 injections (i.e. 3 months of therapy). This dose was selected based on data demonstrating that it produces an initial supraphysiologic serum level of testosterone (i.e. > 3-5 times normal level) with eugonadal levels achieved at the end of two weeks. Beginning the day of the testosterone injection, patients will also receive oral etoposide 100 mg/day in divided doses (50 mg q 12h) x 14 days out of 28 days per cycle. After 3 months on therapy, patients will have repeat prostate specific antigen (PSA) and bone/computed tomography (CT) scans to establish the effect of combined testosterone and etoposide treatment on these parameters (i.e. "testosterone effect baseline"). Patients with sustained elevations in PSA ≥ 50% above pre-testosterone treatment PSA levels after the initial three months of testosterone and etoposide therapy will not receive continued therapy and will come off study. Patients with PSA levels less than the peak serum PSA level seen over the three month period (PSA decline) or patients with PSA ≤ 50% of pretreatment baseline will receive a second 3 month course of monthly testosterone and etoposide therapy until evidence of disease progression. Disease progression is defined as a PSA increase above the PSA level obtained after 3 months on testosterone treatment over two successive measurements 2 weeks apart or evidence of new lesions or progression on bone/CT scans compared to baseline studies. Patients who respond to initial treatment with testosterone and etoposide and then show signs of progression will have the option of retreatment with testosterone alone after a period of 3 months or greater off of the original therapy.
NCT01378299 ↗ CYP19A1 (Cytochrome P450 Family 19 Subfamily A Member 1) Gene and Pharmacogenetics of Response to Testosterone Therapy Completed Baylor College of Medicine Phase 1 2011-10-01 Testosterone (T) replacement prevents bone loss and relieves symptoms associated with androgen deficiency in male patients with hypogonadism, but at the expense of an increase in prostate-related adverse events and in the hematocrit values above the normal which may lead to bad circulatory outcomes. Most of the effects of T on the male skeleton are mediated by its conversion to estradiol (E2) by the enzyme aromatase. Genetic variations in the aromatase (CYP19A1) gene result in enzymes with variable activity and variable levels of E2 and T. This project is designed to determine if genetic variations in the CYP19A1 gene will result in differences in the skeletal response and incidence of side effects from T treatment in patients with low T. A large number of male Veterans are on T. Results from this project will help identify patients who would benefit from the therapy from those at risk for side effects, and would definitely have an impact in the future care of these patients and male patients in general once genetic profiling becomes part of the standard of care.
NCT01378299 ↗ CYP19A1 (Cytochrome P450 Family 19 Subfamily A Member 1) Gene and Pharmacogenetics of Response to Testosterone Therapy Completed VA Office of Research and Development Phase 1 2011-10-01 Testosterone (T) replacement prevents bone loss and relieves symptoms associated with androgen deficiency in male patients with hypogonadism, but at the expense of an increase in prostate-related adverse events and in the hematocrit values above the normal which may lead to bad circulatory outcomes. Most of the effects of T on the male skeleton are mediated by its conversion to estradiol (E2) by the enzyme aromatase. Genetic variations in the aromatase (CYP19A1) gene result in enzymes with variable activity and variable levels of E2 and T. This project is designed to determine if genetic variations in the CYP19A1 gene will result in differences in the skeletal response and incidence of side effects from T treatment in patients with low T. A large number of male Veterans are on T. Results from this project will help identify patients who would benefit from the therapy from those at risk for side effects, and would definitely have an impact in the future care of these patients and male patients in general once genetic profiling becomes part of the standard of care.
NCT01750398 ↗ Bipolar Androgen-based Therapy for Prostate Cancer (BAT) Completed Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Phase 2 2013-01-01 The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and clinical effects of alternating androgen deprivation therapy with testosterone therapy in men with recurrent prostate cancer as first line hormonal therapy, to assess the effect of alternating therapy on quality of life and metabolic changes associated with androgen-deprivation therapy.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Testosterone Cypionate

Condition Name

Condition Name for Testosterone Cypionate
Intervention Trials
Prostate Cancer 8
Hypogonadism, Male 4
Hypogonadism 3
Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer 2
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Testosterone Cypionate
Intervention Trials
Prostatic Neoplasms 15
Hypogonadism 7
Eunuchism 4
Adenocarcinoma 2
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Clinical Trial Locations for Testosterone Cypionate

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Testosterone Cypionate
Location Trials
United States 43
Brazil 7
Spain 1
Canada 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Testosterone Cypionate
Location Trials
Maryland 10
Massachusetts 5
Washington 4
Texas 3
Georgia 2
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Clinical Trial Progress for Testosterone Cypionate

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Testosterone Cypionate
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 4 2
Phase 3 1
Phase 2/Phase 3 2
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Testosterone Cypionate
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Recruiting 10
Completed 8
Not yet recruiting 7
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Testosterone Cypionate

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Testosterone Cypionate
Sponsor Trials
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins 10
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center 5
Brigham and Women's Hospital 3
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Testosterone Cypionate
Sponsor Trials
Other 40
Industry 6
U.S. Fed 4
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Testosterone Cypionate: Clinical Trials, Market Analysis, and Projections

Introduction to Testosterone Cypionate

Testosterone cypionate is a widely used formulation in testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), designed to treat conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone in males. Here, we will delve into the clinical trials, market analysis, and projections for this drug.

Clinical Trials and Approval

FDA Approval and Labeling

Testosterone cypionate injection has been approved by the FDA for replacement therapy in males with conditions associated with symptoms of deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone. This includes primary hypogonadism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to various causes such as testicular failure, gonadotropin or LHRH deficiency, or pituitary-hypothalamic injury[1][4].

Ongoing and Required Trials

The FDA has mandated specific clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of testosterone cypionate. For instance, a 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) trial is required to evaluate whether the product increases blood pressure in hypogonadal men. This trial is scheduled to be completed by February 2025, with the final report submission due by July 2025[4].

The Testosterone Trials (TTrials)

The Testosterone Trials (TTrials) were a series of seven trials that evaluated the effectiveness of testosterone treatment in older men with low testosterone levels. These trials showed significant improvements in exercise capacity, sexual function, and other symptoms associated with low testosterone[1].

Market Analysis

Global Market Size and Growth

The global testosterone replacement therapy market, which includes testosterone cypionate, was valued at USD 1.9 billion in 2024 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.2% from 2025 to 2034. This growth is driven by the rising prevalence of hypogonadism, increasing awareness about its diagnosis and treatment, and advancements in diagnostic capabilities[2][3].

Market Segmentation

The market is segmented based on product type, active ingredients, and distribution channels. The injectables segment, which includes testosterone cypionate, generated the highest revenue of USD 1.1 billion in 2024. Testosterone cypionate itself accounted for USD 636.1 million in market revenue in 2024 and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2025 and 2034[2].

Distribution Channels

The brick & mortar segment dominated the market in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 1.8 billion by the end of the forecast period. However, the e-commerce segment is also growing, reflecting changing consumer preferences and increased online engagement[2].

Regional Market

The U.S. testosterone replacement therapy market accounted for USD 736.1 million in market revenue in 2024 and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 3.5% between 2025 and 2034. This growth is influenced by the aging population and increasing awareness about hypogonadism[2].

Market Drivers and Challenges

Drivers of Market Growth

  • Increasing Prevalence of Hypogonadism: Approximately 4 to 5 million men in the U.S. alone suffer from hypogonadism, driving the demand for TRT[2].
  • Advancements in Diagnostic Capabilities: Improved diagnostic tools and public health campaigns have led to higher diagnosis rates and greater patient engagement[2].
  • Emerging Markets and R&D Investments: Significant investments in research and development, particularly in emerging markets, are contributing to market growth[3].

Challenges and Considerations

  • Insurance Coverage: Variability in insurance coverage for TRT across different countries and insurers can impact market growth[5].
  • Safety Concerns: The need for clinical trials to assess potential risks such as increased blood pressure and cardiovascular risks is a critical consideration[4].

Projections and Future Outlook

Market Size Projections

The testosterone replacement therapy market is expected to grow significantly, with projections indicating it will reach USD 2.79 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 4.60%[3].

Innovative Therapeutic Interventions

Emerging therapeutic interventions, such as the use of anti-inflammatory drugs like Anakinra, which has been shown to increase testosterone levels in individuals with metabolic syndrome, are expected to further drive market growth[5].

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Trials: Ongoing and required trials are crucial for assessing the safety and efficacy of testosterone cypionate.
  • Market Growth: The global TRT market is expected to grow significantly due to the rising prevalence of hypogonadism and advancements in diagnostics.
  • Market Segmentation: Injectables, including testosterone cypionate, dominate the market, with significant growth anticipated in the coming years.
  • Regional Markets: The U.S. market is a key driver of growth, influenced by the aging population and increasing awareness about hypogonadism.

FAQs

What are the FDA-approved indications for testosterone cypionate injection?

Testosterone cypionate injection is FDA-approved for replacement therapy in males with conditions associated with symptoms of deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone, including primary hypogonadism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism[1][4].

What are the key drivers of the testosterone replacement therapy market?

The key drivers include the increasing prevalence of hypogonadism, advancements in diagnostic capabilities, and growing awareness about the condition and its treatment options[2][3].

What are the potential risks associated with testosterone cypionate therapy?

Potential risks include increased blood pressure and cardiovascular risks, which are being assessed through mandated clinical trials[4].

How is the market segmented, and which segment dominates?

The market is segmented by product type, active ingredients, and distribution channels. The injectables segment, which includes testosterone cypionate, dominates the market[2].

What is the projected growth of the testosterone replacement therapy market?

The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.2% from 2025 to 2034, reaching USD 2.79 billion by 2030[2][3].

Sources

  1. Aetna: Testosterone Cypionate Injection (Depo-Testosterone) - Aetna.
  2. Global Market Insights: Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Size Report, 2034.
  3. Data Bridge Market Research: Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Size & Growth Drivers.
  4. FDA: Testosterone cypionate injection - accessdata.fda.gov.
  5. Technavio: Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market size to grow by USD 461 million between 2025-2029.

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