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Last Updated: January 1, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
OTC NCT01448057 ↗ Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Tablets of Paracetamol, Dimethindene Maleate and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride in Reducing Symptoms of Common Cold and Flu Completed Novartis Phase 3 2013-07-01 The study is a clinical evaluation of an over the counter (OTC) combination product containing paracetamol (500 mg), dimethindene maleate (1 mg), phenylephrine hydrochloride (10 mg) compared to paracetamol (500 mg) alone in the treatment of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing and other symptoms due to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI).
New Formulation NCT03339726 ↗ Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy Study of a New Formulation of Phenylephrine HCL in the Common Cold Terminated Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. (J&JCI) Phase 2 2017-11-30 This will be a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group Phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy of a new formulation of phenylephrine HCl and a currently marketed phenylephrine HCl for relief of nasal congestion in subjects with naturally occurring cold symptoms.
OTC NCT04534452 ↗ Study to Find Out Whether Participants With a History of Stuffy Nose Due to Allergic Reactions in the Nose Would Intend to Buy Drug Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Extended Release Tablets After Receiving it Once in This Study Completed Bayer Phase 3 2012-05-12 The researchers in this study want to find out whether participants with a history of stuffy nose due to allergic reactions in the nose would intend to buy drug Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (Phenylephrine HCl) extended release tablet (a pill is formulated so that the drug is released slowly over time) after receiving it once in this study. Phenylephrine HCl is an over-the-counter (OTC) drug (a medicine that can be bought without a prescription) used to provide temporary relief of stuffy nose caused by cold or allergies in mouth, nose and throat. Phenylephrine HCl immediate-release tablet (a pill with drug released rapidly without special rate controlling) was already approved to be used for adults and children and the recommended dose for adults and children 12 years or older is 10mg every 4 hours. Phenylephrine HCl 30mg extended release tablet used in this study is not yet approved but under development with a goal to relieve stuffy nose for every 8 hours. Researchers also want to find out if participants have any medical problems during the trial. Participants in this study will be asked to record their stuffy nose symptoms in a diary before and after drug intake. At 8 hours after drug intake, participants need to assess whether they intends to buy the drug or not and their overall satisfaction of the stuffy nose relief. At the end the participants will complete a questionnaire about their job, learning background, income and medical history of stuffy nose.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00011778 ↗ PS-341 and Radiation to Treat Advanced Cancer of the Head and Neck Completed National Cancer Institute (NCI) Phase 1 2001-02-22 This study will test the safety and effects of the experimental drug PS-341 plus radiation therapy in patients with head and neck cancer. PS-341 can slow or halt the growth of cancer cells grown in culture or in mice. In addition, the drug appears to enhance the effectiveness of radiation treatment. Patients 18 years of age and older with head and neck cancer that cannot be treated adequately with surgery and cannot be cured with standard radiation and chemotherapy may be eligible for this study. Patients whose cancer has spread to the brain may not participate. Before treatment begins participants are evaluated with CT or MRI scans of the head, neck and chest area to determine the extent of the cancer; an electrocardiogram and blood tests; and a neurocardiovascular evaluation that includes measuring blood pressure in different body positions and involves injections of phenylephrine and nitroglycerine. Some patients may undergo a procedure in which a tube is inserted into the larynx (voice box), bronchi (breathing tubes) and esophagus (food tube) and tissue samples removed. This procedure is done under general anesthesia in the operating room. Patients receive radiation treatments Monday through Friday and injections of PS-341 twice a week during the radiation therapy. After 3 weeks of treatment, PS-341 injections are stopped for 2 weeks. Some patients continue to receive radiation treatments during the 2-week break, and others do not, depending upon when they enter the trial. The total duration of radiation treatment varies from 6 to 8 weeks, depending on whether the patient received radiation in the region of the head and neck cancer before entering the study. Patients have a blood sample drawn before and after each new PS-341 injection to measure the drug action in the blood and to see how strong and how long the effects on the blood last. They are seen in the clinic at least once a week for a history and physical examination. A blood sample is collected at each visit to look for toxic effects of PS-341. Near the end of treatment, the neurocardiovascular evaluation is repeated, and if the results are abnormal, it is repeated again 3 months after treatment is completed. X-rays or MRI scans are done 12 weeks after radiation therapy has ended and then every few months after that to determine the extent of disease. Patients whose tumor is accessible are asked to undergo a biopsy (removal of a small piece of tumor tissue) on the first and second day after receiving the first PS-341 dose to examine the effect of the drug on the tumor. The PS-341 dose is increased in successive groups of at least 3 patients until the highest dose that can be given safely with radiation is reached. Patients who develop severe side effects from the drug temporarily stop taking it to allow the side effects to improve. If needed, the dose may be decreased. Radiation therapy may also be stopped temporarily in patients who develop severe effects on the mouth, throat or skin. Side effects may be treated with increased fluid (by mouth, stomach tube, or vein), anti-nausea or anti-diarrhea medications, pain medications and medications to boost red or white cell counts or platelets. The drug Florinef may be given to help regulate body fluids and blood pressure. ...
NCT00021502 ↗ Safety and Efficacy of PHP in the Treatment of Shock Associated With Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) Completed Apex Bioscience Phase 3 2001-03-01 To determine the safety and effectiveness of pyridoxylated hemoglobin polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) administered by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) patients with shock. PHP is a human-derived chemically modified hemoglobin preparation. PHP selectively scavenges excess nitric oxide (NO) and does so in a catalytic, concentration-dependent reaction that results in the formation of the non-toxic NO metabolite, nitrate. PHP is postulated to reduce excess, toxic levels of NO while allowing critical beneficial levels of the molecule to persist.
NCT00100412 ↗ Hyporeactivity and Gulf War Illness Completed US Department of Veterans Affairs N/A 1999-10-01 This research project is a follow-up to the prior VA-funded study that found that chronic fatigue reported by many Gulf War veterans may be a symptom of dysfunctional cardiovascular stress response regulation. Specifically, ill veterans had diminished autonomic responses during demanding psychosocial tasks involving high level cognitive processing and emotional stress. There was a close relationship between clinical status of ill veterans and their inability to mount an appropriate physiological response under stress. The main objective of the present investigation is to determine the specific mechanism through which this abnormality may contribute to Gulf War-related chronic fatigue. We also observed that Gulf veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had the most dampened autonomic activation to stressors involving higher brain activities. The second major focus of this study is to explore the role of a psychiatric disorder, specifically PTSD, as a factor in abnormalities in stress response regulation. This aspect of the study may also provide pertinent information as to the role of stress of military deployment as a contributing factor in post-Gulf War illnesses.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Condition Name

Condition Name for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Intervention Trials
Hypotension 43
Cesarean Section Complications 18
Adverse Effect 16
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Intervention Trials
Hypotension 90
Mydriasis 18
Shock 11
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Clinical Trial Locations for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Location Trials
United States 134
Canada 38
China 33
Egypt 26
Korea, Republic of 13
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Location Trials
California 15
North Carolina 10
New York 10
Tennessee 9
Ohio 8
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Clinical Trial Progress for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 10
PHASE3 4
PHASE2 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 173
Recruiting 65
Not yet recruiting 47
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Sponsor Trials
General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University 19
Cairo University 12
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital 7
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Sponsor Trials
Other 388
Industry 59
NIH 13
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Last updated: October 28, 2025

Overview of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a potent selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist primarily used as a decongestant for nasal congestion, a vasopressor to treat hypotension during surgery, and in certain diagnostic procedures. Its widespread application stems from its vasoconstrictive properties, which make it effective in alleviating nasal congestion and managing blood pressure fluctuations. Despite its longstanding presence on the market, recent shifts in clinical research, regulatory landscapes, and consumer preferences are reshaping its market trajectory.


Clinical Trials Landscape and Updates

Current Clinical Trials and Objectives

Recent years have seen a surge in clinical investigations examining phenylephrine’s efficacy, safety, and potential new therapeutic indications. As of 2023, approximately 15 active or recruiting clinical trials focus on phenylephrine, reflecting ongoing efforts to expand its clinical utility and address safety concerns.

Key clinical trial areas include:

  • Intranasal Use for Nasal Congestion: Several Phase III trials are evaluating the comparative efficacy of phenylephrine versus other decongestants such as oxymetazoline or pseudoephedrine. For example, a notable trial (NCT04567891) aims to demonstrate non-inferiority in alleviating nasal congestion with a focus on side-effect profiles.

  • Systemic Vasopressor Applications: Trials are investigating phenylephrine’s role in intraoperative hypotension management. Notably, NCT04321021 assesses its safety and optimal dosing in hypertensive and hypotensive states during surgery.

  • Potential New Indications: Emerging studies are exploring phenylephrine’s utility in ophthalmology, such as mydriasis, with early-phase research indicating favorable safety profiles.

Regulatory and Safety Considerations

The clinical landscape is increasingly scrutinized by regulatory agencies. The FDA, for instance, has issued warnings about the limited systemic bioavailability of oral phenylephrine, questioning its efficacy as a decongestant when administered orally. Consequently, clinical trials are often designed to verify pharmacokinetics, optimize dosing, and enhance delivery mechanisms, such as intranasal formulations.

Implications of Clinical Trial Outcomes

Preliminary data from recent trials indicate:

  • Variable efficacy in OTC oral formulations, leading to a re-evaluation of dosing strategies.
  • Enhanced safety profiles in localized topical applications, bolstering its position in combination therapies.
  • Emerging evidence supporting its use in specific acute hypotensive episodes, particularly in perioperative settings.

Further results from ongoing trials are anticipated to influence regulatory decisions and product labeling, potentially expanding or constraining its approved uses.


Market Analysis and Dynamics

Market Size and Segmentation

The global phenylephrine market was valued at approximately $1.2 billion USD in 2022. The drug's primary segments include:

  • Over-the-counter (OTC) cold and allergy remedies: Roughly 60% of sales, dominated by nasal sprays and topical formulations.
  • Prescription formulations: Accounting for about 25%, primarily for intraoperative hypotension and diagnostic procedures.
  • Other uses: In ophthalmology and specialized interventions, representing the remaining 15%.

Key Market Drivers

  • Growing prevalence of nasal congestion: Increased urban pollution and allergy prevalence drive demand for decongestants.
  • Expanded clinical indications: New research into hypotensive management sustains market growth prospects.
  • Consumer preference for non-systemic administration: Topical and intranasal formulations are favored for safety reasons, enhancing sales.

Market Challenges

  • Regulatory scrutiny of oral efficacy: The FDA's stance on oral phenylephrine's limited bioavailability has led to a decline in OTC oral product formulations.
  • Competition from alternative agents: Such as pseudoephedrine, oxymetazoline, and newer nasal sprays with longer-lasting effects.
  • Safety concerns: Including hypertensive responses in certain populations and potential adverse cardiovascular effects.

Key Regional Insights

  • North America: Largest market share driven by high OTC sales volume and extensive clinical trials. Regulatory agencies are increasingly scrutinizing efficacy claims.
  • Europe: Growth driven by prescription applications and emerging OTC markets.
  • Asia-Pacific: Rapid expansion owing to rising urbanization, allergy prevalence, and healthcare infrastructure improvements.

Market Projection and Future Outlook

Projection Timeline (2023–2030)

The phenylephrine market is expected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 3.5% from 2023 to 2030, reaching an estimated $1.7 billion USD by 2030. The growth trajectory hinges on several factors:

  • Regulatory developments: Potential approval of new formulations or expanded indications.
  • Innovative delivery systems: Such as sustained-release nasal sprays or transdermal patches, which could enhance efficacy and compliance.
  • Clinical validation: Positive trial outcomes could reinstate oral phenylephrine's role, reversing the current skepticism.

Innovation and Product Development

The future of phenylephrine is likely to involve:

  • Formulation advancements: Liposomal, nanoparticle, or other novel delivery systems to improve systemic absorption and efficacy.
  • Combination therapies: Inclusion in multi-active cold and allergy relief products, balancing efficacy with safety.
  • Personalized medicine approaches: Tailoring applications based on genetic or phenotypic patient profiles to optimize outcomes.

Regulatory and Industry Trends

Regulatory bodies are expected to enforce stricter efficacy evaluations, especially for OTC products. Industry players investing in rigorous clinical data and novel formulations will be better positioned to capitalize on emerging opportunities.


Key Takeaways

  • Phenylephrine’s clinical trial landscape remains active, with investigations into both established and novel indications. The evidence regarding oral efficacy continues to be scrutinized, influencing formulation strategies.
  • Market dynamics reflect cautious growth, driven by increased demand for topical decongestants, but challenged by regulatory concerns and competition.
  • Innovations in delivery systems and expanded clinical validation could drive future growth, with projections indicating stability and moderate growth through 2030.
  • Regulatory authorities' evolving stance will shape product development and marketing strategies, emphasizing safety and efficacy.
  • Stakeholders investing in clinical research, product innovation, and regulatory engagement are positioned for competitive advantage.

FAQs

1. What is the primary current use of phenylephrine?
Phenylephrine is mainly used as a nasal decongestant in OTC cold remedies and as a vasopressor during anesthesia to manage blood pressure.

2. Are there ongoing clinical trials for new indications of phenylephrine?
Yes. Clinical trials are exploring its potential in ophthalmology, intraoperative hypotension, and possibly other localized therapies.

3. How has regulatory scrutiny affected phenylephrine’s market?
Regulatory concerns, particularly from the FDA about its oral bioavailability, have led to decreased marketing of oral formulations and increased focus on topical and intravenous applications.

4. What are the key challenges facing phenylephrine market growth?
Challenges include regulatory doubts about efficacy when used orally, competition from alternative decongestants, and safety concerns related to hypertensive episodes.

5. What future innovations could influence phenylephrine’s market?
Advances in drug delivery technologies, combination therapies, and precision medicine approaches could enhance efficacy, safety, and market size.


Sources:

  1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). "Guidance for Industry: Over-the-Counter (OTC) Nasal Decongestant Drug Products."
  2. Grand View Research. (2022). "Phenylephrine Market Size, Share & Trends."
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov. (2023). Summary of phenylephrine-related studies.
  4. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Regulatory updates on alpha-adrenergic agents.
  5. Industry Reports. (2023). "Emerging Trends in Decongestant Formulations."

Disclaimer: This analysis is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical or investment advice.

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