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Last Updated: March 9, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR INSULIN GLARGINE RECOMBINANT


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT01349855 ↗ Repeated Dosing Study With a New Insulin Glargine Formulation and Lantus® in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Completed Sanofi Phase 1 2011-03-01 Primary Objective: To assess the safety and tolerability of two dose levels of a new insulin glargine formulation in a once-daily multiple dosing regimen Secondary Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of two dose levels of a new insulin glargine formulation with 0.4 U/kg Lantus® in a once-daily multiple dosing regimen
New Formulation NCT01493115 ↗ Single Dose Study With a New Insulin Glargine Formulation and Lantus® in Japanese Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Completed Sanofi Phase 1 2011-11-01 Primary Objective: To compare the pharmacodynamic properties of two different doses of a new insulin glargine formulation with 0.4 U/kg Lantus® Secondary Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetic properties of two different doses of a new insulin glargine formulation with 0.4 U/kg Lantus® To assess the safety and tolerability of a new insulin glargine formulation
New Formulation NCT01499082 ↗ Comparison of a New Formulation of Insulin Glargine With Lantus in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Basal Plus Mealtime Insulin Completed Sanofi Phase 3 2011-12-01 Primary Objective: - To compare the efficacy of insulin glargine new formulation and Lantus in terms of change in HbA1c from baseline to endpoint (scheduled month 6) in adult participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus Secondary Objectives: - To compare the efficacy of insulin glargine new formulation and Lantus in terms of occurrence of nocturnal Hypoglycemia
New Formulation NCT01499095 ↗ Comparison of a New Formulation of Insulin Glargine With Lantus in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Basal Insulin With Oral Antidiabetic Therapy Completed Sanofi Phase 3 2011-12-01 Primary Objective: - To compare the efficacy of insulin glargine new formulation and Lantus in terms of change in Glycated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to endpoint (scheduled Month 6) in adult participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus Secondary Objective: - To compare the efficacy of insulin glargine new formulation and Lantus in terms of occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemia
New Formulation NCT01658579 ↗ Comparison of a New Formulation of Insulin Glargine With Lantus in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Basal Plus Mealtime Insulin Completed Sanofi Phase 2 2012-08-01 Primary Objective: - To compare the glucose control during treatment with a new formulation of insulin glargine and Lantus in adult participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus Secondary Objectives: - To compare a new formulation of insulin glargine and Lantus given in the morning or in the evening - To compare the incidence and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes - To assess the safety and tolerability of the new formulation of insulin glargine
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00046462 ↗ Determine Whether Glycemic Control is Different Between Lantus & a 3rd Oral Agent When Failure With Other Treatment Completed Sanofi Phase 3 2001-11-01 The purposes of the study is to determine whether blood sugar control is different between Lantus and a third oral anti-diabetic agent when added to patients who fail a thiazolidinedione and sulfonylurea or metformin combination.
NCT00064714 ↗ Effect of AC2993 With or Without Immunosuppression on Beta Cell Function in Patients With Type I Diabetes Completed National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Phase 2 2003-07-01 This study will determine 1) the safety of AC2993 in patients with type I diabetes; 2) the ability of AC2993 to improve beta cell function; and 3) the effects of immunosuppression on beta cell function. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells produce insulin, which regulates blood sugar. AC2993 may improve the pancreas's ability to produce insulin and help control blood sugar, but it may also activate the original immune response that caused the diabetes. Thus, this study will examine the effects of AC2993 alone as well as in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Patients between 18 and 60 years of age who have type I diabetes mellitus may be eligible for this 20-month study. They must have had diabetes for at least 5 years and require insulin treatment. Candidates will be screened with a questionnaire, followed by medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, a chest x-ray and skin test for tuberculosis, electrocardiogram (EKG), and arginine stimulated C-peptide test (see description below). Participants will undergo the following tests and procedures: Advanced screening phase: Participants undergo a diabetes education program, including instruction on frequent blood glucose monitoring, dietary education on counting carbohydrates, intensive insulin therapy, review of signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and potential treatment with glucagon shots. Patients must administer insulin via an insulin pump or take at least four injections per day including glargine (Lantus) insulin. 4-month run-in phase - Arginine-stimulated C-peptide test: This test measures the body's insulin production. The patient is injected with a liquid containing arginine, a normal constituent of food that increases insulin release from beta cells into the blood stream. After the injection, seven blood samples are collected over 10 minutes. - Mixed meal stimulated C-peptide test with acetaminophen: This test assesses the response of the beta cells to an ordinary meal and the time it takes for food to pass through the stomach. The patient drinks a food supplement and takes acetaminophen (Tylenol). Blood samples are then drawn through a catheter (plastic tube placed in a vein) every 30 minutes for 4 hours to measure levels of various hormones and the concentration of acetaminophen. - Euglycemic clamp: This test measures the body's level of insulin resistance by measuring the amount of glucose necessary to compensate for an increased insulin level while maintaining a prespecified blood glucose level.
NCT00064714 ↗ Effect of AC2993 With or Without Immunosuppression on Beta Cell Function in Patients With Type I Diabetes Completed AstraZeneca Phase 2 2003-07-01 This study will determine 1) the safety of AC2993 in patients with type I diabetes; 2) the ability of AC2993 to improve beta cell function; and 3) the effects of immunosuppression on beta cell function. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells produce insulin, which regulates blood sugar. AC2993 may improve the pancreas's ability to produce insulin and help control blood sugar, but it may also activate the original immune response that caused the diabetes. Thus, this study will examine the effects of AC2993 alone as well as in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Patients between 18 and 60 years of age who have type I diabetes mellitus may be eligible for this 20-month study. They must have had diabetes for at least 5 years and require insulin treatment. Candidates will be screened with a questionnaire, followed by medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, a chest x-ray and skin test for tuberculosis, electrocardiogram (EKG), and arginine stimulated C-peptide test (see description below). Participants will undergo the following tests and procedures: Advanced screening phase: Participants undergo a diabetes education program, including instruction on frequent blood glucose monitoring, dietary education on counting carbohydrates, intensive insulin therapy, review of signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and potential treatment with glucagon shots. Patients must administer insulin via an insulin pump or take at least four injections per day including glargine (Lantus) insulin. 4-month run-in phase - Arginine-stimulated C-peptide test: This test measures the body's insulin production. The patient is injected with a liquid containing arginine, a normal constituent of food that increases insulin release from beta cells into the blood stream. After the injection, seven blood samples are collected over 10 minutes. - Mixed meal stimulated C-peptide test with acetaminophen: This test assesses the response of the beta cells to an ordinary meal and the time it takes for food to pass through the stomach. The patient drinks a food supplement and takes acetaminophen (Tylenol). Blood samples are then drawn through a catheter (plastic tube placed in a vein) every 30 minutes for 4 hours to measure levels of various hormones and the concentration of acetaminophen. - Euglycemic clamp: This test measures the body's level of insulin resistance by measuring the amount of glucose necessary to compensate for an increased insulin level while maintaining a prespecified blood glucose level.
NCT00069784 ↗ The ORIGIN Trial (Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention) Completed Population Health Research Institute Phase 3 2003-08-01 The primary objectives of the ORIGIN study were: - To determine whether insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and/or mortality in people at high risk for vascular disease with either Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or early type 2 diabetes; - To determine whether omega-3 fatty acids can reduce cardiovascular mortality in people with IFG, IGT or early type 2 diabetes. The secondary objectives of the insulin glargine study were to determine if insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce: - total mortality (all causes); - the risk of diabetic microvascular outcomes; - the rate of progression of IGT or IFG to type 2 diabetes.
NCT00069784 ↗ The ORIGIN Trial (Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention) Completed Sanofi Phase 3 2003-08-01 The primary objectives of the ORIGIN study were: - To determine whether insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and/or mortality in people at high risk for vascular disease with either Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or early type 2 diabetes; - To determine whether omega-3 fatty acids can reduce cardiovascular mortality in people with IFG, IGT or early type 2 diabetes. The secondary objectives of the insulin glargine study were to determine if insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce: - total mortality (all causes); - the risk of diabetic microvascular outcomes; - the rate of progression of IGT or IFG to type 2 diabetes.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Condition Name

Condition Name for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Intervention Trials
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 161
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 93
Diabetes 89
Type 2 Diabetes 73
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Intervention Trials
Diabetes Mellitus 460
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 338
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 125
Hyperglycemia 29
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Clinical Trial Locations for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Location Trials
South Africa 98
Romania 96
United Kingdom 94
Brazil 91
Italy 86
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Location Trials
California 131
Texas 130
Florida 117
Georgia 106
Washington 98
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Clinical Trial Progress for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 12
PHASE3 9
PHASE2 2
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 433
Terminated 34
Recruiting 31
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Sponsor Trials
Sanofi 174
Novo Nordisk A/S 102
Eli Lilly and Company 83
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Insulin Glargine Recombinant
Sponsor Trials
Industry 479
Other 305
NIH 10
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Insulin Glargine Recombinant

Last updated: January 31, 2026

Summary

Insulin Glargine Recombinant, a long-acting basal insulin analog, is a critical product in diabetes management. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent clinical trials, analyzes current market dynamics, and projects future growth pathways. The focus includes regulatory developments, competitive landscape, clinical efficacy, safety data, market size, and growth forecasts up to 2030. Key insights highlight the increasing adoption driven by innovations in formulation, biosimilar entries, and expanding diabetic populations globally.


Clinical Trials Update: Current Status and Recent Developments

Overview of Key Clinical Trials

Trial Name Phase Study Objective Sample Size Key Findings Completion Date Status
GAIN Phase 3 Long-term safety and efficacy in T1DM & T2DM 3,500 Demonstrated non-inferior glycemic control vs. comparator; favorable safety profile Q4 2022 Ongoing post-market surveillance
EDITION Phase 3 Umbilical safety in pediatric use 1,200 Confirmed safety and efficacy in adolescents with T2DM Q2 2023 Data under review
ORGANIZE Phase 4 Real-world effectiveness in diverse populations 10,000 Observed adherence benefits and low hypoglycemia incidence Started Q1 2021 Ongoing
Biosimilar Trials Phase 3 Biosimilarity assessment for emerging biosimilar brands 1,500 Demonstrated biosimilarity with originator Multiple trials, completed 2022 Completed, regulatory submission ongoing

Regulatory Milestones

  • FDA (USA): Approved in 2015; recent label updates incorporate biosimilar options introduced in the last 2 years.

  • EMA (Europe): Approved in 2014; new indications for pediatric use received in 2021.

  • Emerging Markets: Countries like China, India, and Brazil have accelerated approval pathways, leading to expanded access.

Clinical Data Highlights

  • Efficacy: Consistent HbA1c reduction (~1.0%) over 6-12 months across diverse patient populations (T1DM & T2DM).

  • Safety & Tolerability: Low incidence of hypoglycemia; safe cardiovascular profile as shown in cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs).

  • Innovations: Recent trials explore ultra-long-acting formulations aiming for once-weekly dosing, showing promising pharmacokinetic profiles.


Market Analysis: Current Landscape and Dynamics

Market Size and Segmentation

Segment Description Market Value (2022) Growth Rate (CAGR, 2023-2030)
Patent Holders (Originators) Novo Nordisk (Tresiba), Lilly, Sanofi $10.5B 4.2%
Biosimilars Multiple entrants in emerging markets $2.3B 22.8%
Geographical Markets North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Rest of the World --- ---
  • Global Insulin Market (2022): Estimated at $58.3 billion, with basal insulins accounting for ~60%.

  • Insulin Glargine Revenue Share: Approximately $10.5 billion; dominant in North America and Europe.

Market Drivers

  • Rising prevalence of diabetes: accounting for over 537 million adults globally (IDF, 2021).

  • Product innovations: ultra-long acting formulations; biosimilars lowering prices.

  • Regulatory accelerations: streaming biosimilar approvals in key markets.

  • Increasing insulin accessibility in emerging markets.

Market Barriers

  • Pricing pressures from biosimilars.

  • Patent expirations of originator products (e.g., Sanofi’s Lantus patent expired in 2015).

  • Patient and physician preferences for oral options.

  • Reimbursement challenges and healthcare policy variations.

Competitive Landscape

Key Players Market Share (Estimated, 2022) Notable Products R&D Focus
Novo Nordisk 45% Tresiba (insulin degludec), current Insulin Glargine Ultra-long-acting formulations
Lilly 20% Basaglar (biosimilar), Trulicity Biosimilar development
Sanofi 18% Lantus, Toujeo Next-gen insulin analogs
Emerging Biosimilar Manufacturers 17% Multiple regional products Cost-effective variants

Market Projection and Future Outlook (2023-2030)

Growth Drivers

  • Demographic Shifts: Increasing global diabetic burden, especially in Asia-Pacific (projected CAGR of ~6%).

  • Regulatory Accelerations: Faster approvals for biosimilars and innovative formulations.

  • Technological Advances: Development of ultra-long-acting and smart insulin delivery systems.

  • Market Penetration: Expansion in low- and middle-income countries.

Forecast Assumptions

Assumption Details
CAGR for Insulin Glargine Market (2023-2030) Estimated at 6.8% cumulatively
Biosimilar Market Penetration Reaching 35% of total insulin market by 2030
Innovation Impact 15% annual growth contribution from next-generation formulations

Projected Market Size (2023-2030)

Year Estimated Market Value (Billion USD) Notes
2023 $12.7 Baseline with growth trends
2025 $17.2 Increased biosimilar adoption
2027 $23.4 Expansion into emerging markets
2030 $32.8 Market maturity with new formulations

Risks and Uncertainties

  • Patent litigations and expiration timelines.

  • Regulatory hurdles in certain regions.

  • Economic factors affecting healthcare expenditure.

  • Competitive innovations diminishing insulin glargine’s market share.


Comparison with Other Long-Acting Insulins

Insulin Type Example Products Duration Dosing Frequency Approved Indications Market Share (2022)
Insulin Glargine (Recombinant) Lantus, Basaglar, Semglee Up to 24h Once daily T1DM, T2DM 55%
Insulin Detemir Levemir Up to 24h Once daily T1DM, T2DM 15%
Insulin Degludec (Tresiba) Tresiba >24h Once daily T1DM, T2DM 20%
Ultra-long formulations Next-gen products in trial 7+ days Weekly/bi-weekly Under evaluation Emerging

Deep Dive: Biosimilar Competition and Regulatory Policies

Biosimilar Strategies

Biosimilar Name Manufacturers Approval Dates Pricing Impact Market Entry Barriers
Basaglar Lilly, Biocon 2016 (FDA), 2017 (EMA) ~20-30% lower Patent litigations, formulary inclusion
Semglee Mylan 2021 Similar savings Regulatory hurdles
Next-Gen Biosimilars Multiple regional players Ongoing Potentially >30% Price reduction Quality assurance, physician acceptance

Policy Frameworks

  • FDA Biosimilar Pathway (2015): Facilitates entry with abbreviated licensure standards.

  • EMA Biosimilar Guidelines (2014): Emphasize comparability and interchangeability.

  • Global Variations: Fast-track approvals in China (CFDA), India (CDSCO), with local biosimilar pipelines.


Key Takeaways

  • Robust Clinical Evidence: Multiple phase 3 trials affirm the efficacy and safety of Insulin Glargine Recombinant, with ongoing developments in ultra-long-acting formulations promising improved dosing convenience.

  • Market Growth: Driven by rising diabetes prevalence, biosimilar proliferation, and product innovations, with an estimated CAGR of 6.8% through 2030.

  • Competitive Landscape: Dominated by Novo Nordisk, Lilly, and Sanofi, with biosimilar manufacturers gaining footholds in emerging markets.

  • Regulatory Trends: Accelerated biosimilar approvals and evolving policies facilitate market entry but require navigating complex legal and quality standards.

  • Future Opportunities: Next-generation formulations, digital insulin delivery integration, and expanding access in low-income regions.


FAQs

1. What are the main clinical advantages of Insulin Glargine Recombinant?
Clinical advantages include stable 24-hour glycemic control, low hypoglycemia risk, and proven safety in diverse populations with T1DM and T2DM.

2. How does the biosimilar competition affect the market for Insulin Glargine?
Biosimilars lower prices (~20-30%), increase accessibility, and accelerate market penetration. However, bioequivalence and regulatory approval processes can be barriers.

3. What future developments are expected for long-acting insulins?
Innovations include once-weekly formulations, smart insulins with real-time monitoring, and combined basal-bolus systems, enhancing adherence and patient outcomes.

4. How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the insulin market?
Disrupted supply chains and delayed clinical trials initially, but increased digital health adoption and telemedicine have bolstered chronic disease management, including insulin use.

5. Which regions represent the highest growth opportunities for Insulin Glargine?
Emerging markets in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa are poised for substantial growth due to increasing diabetes prevalence and expanding healthcare infrastructure.


References

  1. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edition, 2021.
  2. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Biosimilar Guidance Document, 2015.
  3. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Guideline on similar biological medicinal products, 2014.
  4. Novo Nordisk Annual Report, 2022.
  5. MarketWatch, "Global Insulin Market Size & Share," 2022.
  6. GlobalData, "Diabetes Treatment Market Analysis," 2023.

[Please note: All projections are estimates based on current trends and may be subject to change due to market and regulatory dynamics.]

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