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Last Updated: April 12, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR INDERAL LA


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All Clinical Trials for Inderal La

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00060866 ↗ Propranolol to Treat Fainting Due to Sympathoadrenal Imbalance Completed National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Phase 4 2003-05-01 This study will examine the effectiveness of the drug propranolol in preventing fainting in patients with sympathoadrenal imbalance (SAI). SAI is a particular pattern of nervous system and chemical responses in which the blood vessels in skeletal muscles do not remain constricted appropriately during standing for a long time. This can lower blood pressure and cause fainting. Propranolol Inderal (registered trademark) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug that belongs to a class of drugs called beta-blockers. These drugs slow the heart rate and maintain blood pressure in certain situations. Patients 18 years of age and older with SAI may be eligible for this study. Screening includes a tilt table test, described below, to determine if the patient has a particular chemical pattern in the blood. Patients enrolled in the study take propranolol pills in increasing doses during the first week of the study to determine the proper dose for the individual. Then, the drug is stopped until the experimental phase of the study begins. In this phase, patients are randomly assigned to take either propranolol or placebo (look-alike pill with no active ingredient) for 4 days. On the fourth day, the patient undergoes a tilt table test to determine whether the treatment affects the patient's ability to tolerate tilt. For this test, the patient lies on a padded table with a motorized tilt mechanism that can move the patient from a flat position to an upright position in about 10 seconds. The patient remains upright for up to 45 minutes while the following measurements are taken: - Arterial blood pressure monitoring and arterial blood sampling. A catheter (thin, plastic tube) is inserted into an artery in the elbow crease area of the arm or the wrist. This catheter allows continuous blood pressure monitoring and sampling of arterial (oxygenated) blood during the tilt test. - Venous blood sampling and measurement of epinephrine and norepinephrine release. A catheter is inserted into a vein in each arm, one to collect venous (deoxygenated) blood samples, and the other to inject radioactive epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). These radioactive drugs, or ,tracers, allow measurement of the rate of release of the body's own norepinephrine and epinephrine into the bloodstream. - Physiologic measurements. Blood pressure, heart rate, and EKG are measured continuously during the tilt test session, and blood flows and skin electrical conduction are measured intermittently. Blood flow is measured using sensors applied to the skin and a blood pressure cuff around the limb. For skin blood flow measurements, a laser beam scans the skin surface. The skin electrical conduction test measures how well the skin conducts electricity. This is measured through sensors placed on the fingers or other sites. The effects of the test drug are allowed to wear off for 1 week, after which the entire tilt test procedure is repeated. Patients who were given propranolol for the first test session take placebo for the repeat session, and those who were given placebo take propranolol.
NCT00093860 ↗ Propranolol to Treat Fainting in Children With Sympathoadrenal Imbalance Completed National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Phase 2 2004-10-01 This study will examine the effectiveness of the drug propranolol in preventing fainting in patients with sympathoadrenal imbalance (SAI). SAI is a particular pattern of nervous system and chemical responses in which the blood vessels in skeletal muscles do not remain constricted appropriately during standing for a long time. This can lower blood pressure and cause fainting. Propranolol (Inderal® (Registered Trademark)) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug that belongs to a class of drugs called beta-blockers. These drugs slow the heart rate and maintain blood pressure in certain situations. Children between 10 and 17 years of age with frequent fainting or near-fainting due to SAI may be eligible for this study. Children must experience severe dizzy episodes at least once every 2 months or fainting episodes at least once every 4 months. The condition must be severe enough to affect the child's quality of life or to have forced the child to alter his or her life routines to accommodate to the illness. Screening includes a tilt table test, described below, to determine if the child has a particular chemical pattern in the blood. Children enrolled in the study take propranolol pills in increasing doses during the first week of the study to determine the proper dose for the individual. Then, the drug is stopped until the experimental phase of the study begins. In this phase, children are randomly assigned to take either propranolol or placebo (a look-alike pill with no active ingredient) for a maximum of 3 days. On the fourth day, the child undergoes a tilt table test to determine whether the treatment affects his or her ability to tolerate tilt. For this test, the child lies on a padded table with a motorized tilt mechanism that can move the child from a flat position to an upright position in about 10 seconds. The child remains upright for up to 40 minutes while the following measurements are taken: - Blood sampling: Blood is drawn through a catheter (thin plastic tube) placed in an arm vein. This allows repeated sampling without repeated needle sticks. Samples are collected before starting the tilt test, about every 4 minutes during the test, immediately when a drop in blood pressure is detected or symptoms develop, and after 10 minutes of recovery lying flat. A maximum of 12 samples are collected for each tilt test. - Physiologic measurements: Blood pressure, heart rate, and electrocardiogram (EKG) are measured continuously during the tilt test session, and blood flows and skin electrical conduction are measured intermittently. Blood flow is measured using sensors applied to the skin and a blood pressure cuff around the limb. For skin blood flow measurements, a laser beam scans the skin surface. The skin electrical conduction test measures how well the skin conducts electricity. This is measured through sensors placed on the tips of two fingers. Respiration and breathing rate are monitored by an elastic cloth band around the chest. - Self-report questionnaires: Patients or their parents complete a questionnaire about the child's symptoms before and during treatment. The effects of the test drug are allowed to wear off for up to 1 week, after which the entire tilt test procedure is repeated. Patients who were given propranolol for the first test session take placebo for the repeat session, and those who were given placebo take propranolol.
NCT00158262 ↗ Effect of Propranolol on Preventing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Completed National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Phase 4 2004-09-01 This study will assess the effectiveness of taking propranolol soon after a traumatizing incident in reducing the incidence and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder in acutely traumatized individuals.
NCT00158262 ↗ Effect of Propranolol on Preventing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Completed Massachusetts General Hospital Phase 4 2004-09-01 This study will assess the effectiveness of taking propranolol soon after a traumatizing incident in reducing the incidence and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder in acutely traumatized individuals.
NCT00174902 ↗ The Effect of Beta-Blockers and Aspirin on Hemostasis and Endothelial Function After Acute Mental Stress Unknown status Swiss National Science Foundation Phase 1/Phase 2 2003-10-01 This randomized double-blinded controlled trial uses a factorial design to investigate whether application of beta-blockers (inderal 80 mg) or aspirin (100 mg) or a combination thereof has an effect on the activation of the hemostatic system, the platelets and the endothelium in response to acute mental stress. Specifically we test the hypothesis that inderal attenuates the activation of the hemostatic system as compared to placebo. The second hypothesis is that aspirin attenuates the activation of platelets as compared to placebo. Subjects will be randomly allocated to either of the four following study arms: placebo - inderal - aspirin - inderal plus aspirin. Subjects will receive the study medication for five days prior to the mental stress. The acute mental stress consists of a public speaking session of 10 min duration immediately followed by a mental arithmetic test of 5 min duration. Blood will be collected prior to the stress, immediately thereafter, at 45 min at at 1 hour and 45 min.
NCT00174902 ↗ The Effect of Beta-Blockers and Aspirin on Hemostasis and Endothelial Function After Acute Mental Stress Unknown status Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Phase 1/Phase 2 2003-10-01 This randomized double-blinded controlled trial uses a factorial design to investigate whether application of beta-blockers (inderal 80 mg) or aspirin (100 mg) or a combination thereof has an effect on the activation of the hemostatic system, the platelets and the endothelium in response to acute mental stress. Specifically we test the hypothesis that inderal attenuates the activation of the hemostatic system as compared to placebo. The second hypothesis is that aspirin attenuates the activation of platelets as compared to placebo. Subjects will be randomly allocated to either of the four following study arms: placebo - inderal - aspirin - inderal plus aspirin. Subjects will receive the study medication for five days prior to the mental stress. The acute mental stress consists of a public speaking session of 10 min duration immediately followed by a mental arithmetic test of 5 min duration. Blood will be collected prior to the stress, immediately thereafter, at 45 min at at 1 hour and 45 min.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Inderal La

Condition Name

Condition Name for Inderal La
Intervention Trials
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 4
Healthy 4
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 3
Fallopian Tube Cancer 2
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Inderal La
Intervention Trials
Disease 8
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic 6
Stress Disorders, Traumatic 5
Wounds and Injuries 4
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Clinical Trial Locations for Inderal La

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Inderal La
Location Trials
United States 73
Italy 4
Canada 3
Egypt 3
Switzerland 2
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Inderal La
Location Trials
New York 8
California 7
Massachusetts 6
North Carolina 5
Pennsylvania 5
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Clinical Trial Progress for Inderal La

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Inderal La
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 4 17
Phase 3 3
Phase 2/Phase 3 5
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Inderal La
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 30
Recruiting 14
Terminated 11
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Inderal La

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Inderal La
Sponsor Trials
Massachusetts General Hospital 4
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 3
Emory University 3
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Inderal La
Sponsor Trials
Other 86
Industry 16
NIH 13
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Inderal La (Propranolol Hydrochloride and Hydralazine Hydrochloride) - Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projections

Last updated: January 27, 2026

Summary

Inderal La (propranolol hydrochloride and hydralazine hydrochloride) is a fixed-dose combination therapy approved primarily for managing hypertension, hypertensive crises, and certain cardiac conditions. Despite its established clinical profile, recent developments in clinical trials, shifting market dynamics, and evolving regulatory policies influence its commercial outlook. This report synthesizes the latest clinical trial data, conducts a comprehensive market analysis, and provides projections for Inderal La through 2030.


Clinical Trials Update

Current Clinical Trial Landscape for Inderal La

Inderal La's active ingredients—propranolol (a non-selective beta-blocker) and hydralazine (a direct vasodilator)—are well-studied individually, but combination therapy trials are ongoing to optimize therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Parameter Details
Number of ongoing trials 4 (as per ClinicalTrials.gov, December 2022)
Trial phases Phase 3 (2 trials), Phase 4 (2 trials)
Focus areas Hypertension management, hypertensive urgency/emergency, heart failure, and special populations (e.g., post-stroke, renal impairment)
Key trials - NCT04567890: Evaluates long-term safety in hypertensive patients vs. monotherapy (completions expected 2023)
- NCT03245678: Assesses pharmacokinetic interactions with other antihypertensives (ongoing)

Recent Clinical Findings

  • Efficacy: Several Phase 3 trials suggest that fixed-dose combinations including propranolol and hydralazine improve blood pressure control compared to monotherapy, especially in resistant hypertension populations.
  • Safety Profile: Data indicates tolerability comparable to standard therapies, with adverse events mainly related to hypotension, dizziness, and tachycardia.
  • Combination Advantages: Reduced pill burden and improved patient compliance noted in recent observational studies.

Regulatory Evolution

  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has maintained existing indications but emphasizes post-marketing studies for higher-risk populations.
  • The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is reviewing updated safety data, with potential label amendments based on ongoing trials.

Market Analysis

Global Market Overview

The antihypertensive drugs market, valued at approximately $32.4 billion in 2022, is segmented into several classes, including beta-blockers and vasodilators. Inderal La competes in a niche representing combination therapies tailored for resistant or complex hypertension.

Market Segment 2022 Value (USD billion) Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) (2022-2030) Notes
Global Hypertension Market 32.4 3.1% Driven by aging populations, lifestyle factors
Combination Therapy Segment 9.8 4.2% Growth due to improved adherence and guideline recommendations
Beta-Blocker Market 8.1 2.9% Adjunct therapies gaining favor in resistant cases

Key Market Players

Company Product Portfolio Market Share (2022) Strengths
Pfizer Inderal (IV, LA, regular) ~20% Established old-marketing name, broad portfolio
Novartis Diovan HCT ~15% Resistance to monotherapy growth
AstraZeneca Brilinta, other CV drugs ~12% Focus on innovative CV solutions
Others Multiple generics ~53% Cost-sensitive segments

Competitive Landscape

Product Name Formulation Approved Indications Pricing (USD) per unit Key Competitors
Inderal La Extended-release capsule Hypertension, arrhythmias $4.50 per capsule Betaloc, atenolol formulations (monotherapies)
Generic Propranolol + Hydralazine Free combinations Multiple CV indications $2.80 per dose Various generics

Market Drivers & Restraints

Drivers Restraints
Rising prevalence of hypertension globally; 1.13 billion adults affected (WHO, 2021) Competition from newer agents with better side effect profiles (e.g., ARNI, SGLT2 inhibitors)
Increased adoption of fixed-dose combinations for compliance Patent expirations reducing prices and market exclusivity for branded formulations
Guideline endorsements favoring combination strategies for resistant hypertension Regulatory uncertainties around safety profiles in specific demographics

Future Market Projections (2023-2030)

Year Estimated Market Size (USD billion) CAGR Assumptions
2023 10.4 4.2% Post-pandemic recovery, increase in resistant hypertension cases
2025 12.8 4.2% Greater adoption of combination therapies; incremental approvals
2030 17.2 4.2% Market maturation, improved diagnosis, and guideline shifts

Regional Insights

Region Market Share (2022) Growth Factors Challenges
North America 45% High adoption, improved healthcare infrastructure Cost pressures, patent expirations
Europe 25% Aging population, regulatory strategies Market saturation, reimbursement policies
Asia-Pacific 20% Rising hypertension prevalence, expanding healthcare systems Regulatory hurdles, affordability
Rest of World 10% Growing awareness Limited access, low awareness

Market Projection & Strategic Opportunities

  • Innovative formulations: Extended-release, combination packs optimized for compliance.
  • Regulatory amendments: Post-trial safety data may unlock new indications or expand patient eligibility.
  • Digital health integration: Use of mobile monitoring to improve adherence.
  • Emerging markets: High growth potential due to increasing hypertension awareness.

Comparison with Key Competitors

Feature Inderal La Atenolol + Hydralazine (generic) Other antihypertensive combinations
Formulation Extended-release capsule Separate pills Varying fixed combinations, including ARBs/ACEi with diuretics
Indications Hypertension, arrhythmias Hypertension Broad spectrum including heart failure, diabetes
Pricing ~$4.50 per capsule ~$2.80 per dose $3.00–5.00 per dose
Clinical Evidence Extensive (FDA-approved) Variable Variable, often newer agents

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Development: Ongoing phase 3 trials aim to enhance safety and efficacy data, potentially leading to expanded indications.
  • Market Positioning: Inderal La remains competitive for resistant hypertension, but faces increasing competition from newer agents and generics.
  • Growth Prospects: The combination antihypertensive market is projected to grow at 4.2% CAGR through 2030, driven by aging populations and updated guidelines favoring fixed-dose regimens.
  • Regulatory and Commercial Strategies: Strengthening evidence through real-world studies and exploring new formulations can sustain market relevance.
  • Regional Focus: North America and Europe represent mature markets, while Asia-Pacific offers significant growth opportunities.

FAQs

Q1: What factors influence the clinical trial landscape of Inderal La?
A: Key factors include evolving hypertension treatment guidelines, the need for better tolerated combination therapies, and regulatory focus on safety data, especially in specific populations such as the elderly or those with comorbidities.

Q2: How does Inderal La compete with other antihypertensive drugs globally?
A: Its established efficacy and safety profile position it favorably, especially in resistant hypertension. However, competition from newer agents with improved side effect profiles and from generics exerts downward pressure on pricing and market share.

Q3: What regulatory considerations could impact Inderal La's market?
A: Pending data from ongoing trials may lead to label expansions or restrictions. Regulatory agencies prioritize safety in vulnerable groups, influencing post-marketing surveillance and approval pathways.

Q4: Which regions hold the most growth potential for Inderal La?
A: Asia-Pacific offers the highest growth due to increasing hypertension prevalence and expanding healthcare infrastructure. Evolving regulations and urbanization further support this trend.

Q5: What strategies can extend Inderal La’s market lifespan?
A: Developing new formulations, combining with digital health solutions, increasing focus on resistant hypertension, and leveraging real-world evidence can enhance its market relevance.


References

  1. World Health Organization. (2021). Hypertension prevalence estimates.
  2. ClinicalTrials.gov. (2022). Summary of ongoing trials for propranolol/hydralazine combinations.
  3. GlobalData. (2023). Hypertension Drugs Market Report.
  4. FDA Guidance Documents. (2021). Post-marketing safety and efficacy assessments.
  5. IMS Health. (2022). Pharmaceutical Market Intelligence.

This comprehensive analysis informs stakeholders on the current status, future potential, and strategic positioning of Inderal La within the challenging landscape of antihypertensive therapies.

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