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Last Updated: March 9, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR AXITINIB


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for Axitinib

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Combination NCT03571438 ↗ Evaluation of a Promising New Combination of Protein Kinase Inhibitors on Organotypic Cultures of Human Renal Tumors Recruiting University Hospital, Grenoble N/A 2017-10-16 The investigators objective is to test the combination directly on organotypic cultures of tumors from patients after their excision in the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation of the University Hospital of Grenoble and to compare their efficacy with that of currently selected treatments in the clinic. The population targeted by the combination for use in clinical practice is patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Current treatments for these patients are Sunitinib, Pazopanib and Temsirolimus.
New Combination NCT05070221 ↗ Study of Oncolytic Virus in Combination With HX-008 and Axitinib in Melanoma Patients With Liver Metastasis Not yet recruiting Beijing Cancer Hospital Phase 1 2021-10-01 Malignant melanoma, is a kind of malignant tumor derived from melanocytes. It is common in skin, mucous membrane, eye choroid and other parts. Melanoma is one of the fastest growing malignant tumors with an annual incidence rate of 3-5%. In 2012, there were 232000 new cases of melanoma and 55000 deaths worldwide. Though, the incidence rate of melanoma is relatively low in China, it has been increasing rapidly in recent years. Melanoma has seriously endangering the health of Chinese people. Patients with stage Ⅳ melanoma have a poor prognosis. According to statistics, the median survival time of stage M1a melanoma is 15 months, while stage M1b is 8 months. The median survival time of bone metastasis melanoma is 6 months, while liver and brain metastasis is 4 months. The overall median survival time of metastatic melanoma is only 7.5 months, and the 2-year survival rate is 15%. For patients with advanced melanoma, dacarbazine is the only chemotherapy drug approved by NMPA, but its overall effective rate is only 13.4%, and the median survival time is 5.6 ~ 11 months. Therapies(new drugs or new combination treatments)with higher remission rate and longer survival are urgently needed for patients with advanced melanoma.
New Combination NCT07159191 ↗ Envafolimab Combined With Axitinib as First-Line Treatment for Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma NOT_YET_RECRUITING Peking Union Medical College Hospital PHASE2 2025-09-01 Introduction: This document explains a clinical research study conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The study aims to evaluate a new combination treatment - Envafolimab (an immunotherapy) and Axitinib (a targeted therapy) - for patients newly diagnosed with advanced kidney cancer (specifically, clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma or RCC). This information is designed to help patients, their families, and healthcare providers understand the study's purpose, procedures, potential benefits and risks, and what participation involves. 1. What is the Study About? * The Problem: Advanced kidney cancer (RCC) that has spread (metastatic) or cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable) is challenging to treat. While treatments exist, researchers are always looking for more effective and manageable options, especially for patients who haven't had prior systemic (whole-body) anti-cancer therapy. * The New Approach: This study combines two types of drugs: * Envafolimab: An "immunotherapy" drug given as an injection under the skin (subcutaneous). It works by blocking a protein called PD-L1 on cancer cells or immune cells. Blocking PD-L1 helps the patient's own immune system recognize and attack the cancer cells more effectively. * Axitinib: A "targeted therapy" drug taken as a pill twice daily. It works by blocking signals (VEGF receptors) that cancer cells use to grow new blood vessels, essentially starving the tumor of its blood supply. * The Goal: To find out if giving Envafolimab and Axitinib together is safe and effective as the first treatment for patients with advanced kidney cancer. Researchers want to see how well the combination shrinks tumors, controls the cancer, and how long patients live without their cancer getting worse, while carefully monitoring side effects. * Study Design: * Phase II: This is an early stage of testing in patients, focusing mainly on how well the treatment works and its safety profile in a specific group. * Single-Arm: All participants in this study will receive the same combination treatment (Envafolimab + Axitinib). There is no separate group receiving a different treatment or placebo for comparison in this particular study. * Single-Center: Currently being run at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (but could potentially expand). * Participants: Plans to enroll about 30 patients. * Treatment Duration: Patients receive treatment as long as it's working (tumor isn't growing) and they can tolerate the side effects, for up to a maximum of 2 years. 2. Key Information for Patients \& Families: * Who Might Qualify? You may be eligible to participate if you: * Are between 18 and 75 years old. * Have been diagnosed with advanced clear cell kidney cancer (unresectable or metastatic). * Have NOT received any prior systemic anti-cancer treatment (like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or other targeted therapies) for your advanced kidney cancer. * Have tumors that can be measured on scans (CT or MRI). * Are relatively active and able to care for yourself (ECOG performance status 0 or 1: meaning you are either fully active or restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to do light work). * Have adequate organ function (healthy enough bone marrow, liver, kidneys, heart) as determined by blood tests. * Are expected to live at least 6 more months. * Understand the study and agree to follow the procedures and attend all visits. * Who Would Not Qualify? You would likely not be eligible if you: * Have another active cancer besides the kidney cancer being studied. * Have had previous systemic treatment for your advanced kidney cancer. * Have known severe allergies to similar drugs or components of Envafolimab/Axitinib. * Have an active autoimmune disease needing strong medication (like high-dose steroids or immunosuppressants) within the last 2 years. (Hormone replacements like thyroid meds are okay). * Are taking high-dose steroids (except inhaled/nasal) or other immune-suppressing drugs shortly before starting. * Are using traditional Chinese medicine or immunomodulators within 2 weeks before joining. * Have serious uncontrolled heart problems (like recent heart attack, severe heart failure, unstable angina, significant irregular heartbeats). * Have uncontrolled fluid build-up needing drainage (like large amounts of ascites or pleural effusion). * Are pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to use highly effective contraception during the study and for 6 months after. * Have significant psychiatric, substance abuse, or other medical/social issues that the research team believes would interfere with the study.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for Axitinib

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00071006 ↗ AG-013736 (Axitinib) In Patients With Poor Prognosis Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Completed Pfizer Phase 2 2003-09-01 The study tests the safety and efficacy of axitinib in patients who have the hematologic disease of Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome. The study tests patients who have poor prognosis before entering the study.
NCT00094094 ↗ Anti-angiogenesis Agent AG-013736 in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Completed Pfizer Phase 2 2005-02-01 This is a Phase 2 study being conducted at multiple centers in the United States and Germany. Patients having non-small cell lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (i.e., metastatic) or is locally advanced (i.e., Stage IIIB with malignant pleural effusion) are eligible to participate. Patients must have disease that has been treated with at least 1 prior treatment for metastatic disease (prior adjuvant treatment for localized disease does not count as prior treatment for metastatic disease). The purpose of the study is to test whether the angiogenesis inhibitor AG-013736 is an effective treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer as shown by the number of patients in the study who experience significant and durable tumor shrinkage
NCT00219557 ↗ AG-013736 In Combination With Gemcitabine Versus Gemcitabine Alone For Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Completed Pfizer Phase 2 2005-07-05 This is a Phase 2 study being conducted at multiple centers in the United States, Europe and Canada. Patients having pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced or that has spread to other parts of the body (i.e., metastatic) are eligible to participate. Patients must have not had any prior systemic treatment for advanced disease. The purpose of the study is to test whether the angiogenesis inhibitor Axitinib [AG-013736] in combination with gemcitabine is an effective treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer vs. gemcitabine alone by overall survival.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Axitinib

Condition Name

Condition Name for Axitinib
Intervention Trials
Renal Cell Carcinoma 19
Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma 12
Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma 11
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Axitinib
Intervention Trials
Carcinoma, Renal Cell 74
Carcinoma 59
Kidney Neoplasms 17
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Clinical Trial Locations for Axitinib

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Axitinib
Location Trials
United States 552
Japan 66
China 44
United Kingdom 39
Canada 34
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Axitinib
Location Trials
California 34
Texas 33
New York 28
Ohio 26
Florida 25
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Clinical Trial Progress for Axitinib

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Axitinib
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 1
PHASE3 4
PHASE2 11
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Axitinib
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 60
Recruiting 50
Not yet recruiting 23
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Axitinib

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Axitinib
Sponsor Trials
Pfizer 77
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 14
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 8
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Axitinib
Sponsor Trials
Other 151
Industry 143
NIH 14
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Axitinib: Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Forecast

Last updated: January 31, 2026

Summary

Axitinib (brand name: Inlyta) is a potent, selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), pivotal in tumor angiogenesis. Originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), Axitinib's development and commercial trajectory reflect ongoing clinical trial activities, evolving market dynamics, and competitive positioning within oncology therapeutics. This report provides a detailed update on recent clinical trial outcomes, analyzes the current market landscape, and forecasts future growth based on clinical, regulatory, and market variables.


1. Current Status of Clinical Trials

1.1. Overview of Axitinib in Clinical Trials

As of Q1 2023, over 30 clinical trials involving Axitinib are registered globally, with a focus on oncology indications beyond RCC, including thyroid cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, and combination regimens for metastatic diseases (Table 1).

Category Number of Trials Focus Area Status Major Countries
Phase I 8 Dose escalation, safety Ongoing/Completed US, Japan, EU
Phase II 12 Efficacy in various cancers Ongoing US, China, EU
Phase III 6 Comparative efficacy Ongoing US, EU, China
Other (Post-marketing, observational) 4 Real-world data, long-term safety Pending/Designs Various

1.2. Recent Clinical Trial Results

  • CLEAR Trial (Key Phase III study): Demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) in RCC patients treated with Axitinib plus Pembrolizumab compared to Sunitinib. Published in The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM, 2021), with median PFS of 23.7 months vs. 14.7 months for Sunitinib alone (HR 0.66).

  • ONGOING TRIALS:

    • Axitinib + Chemotherapy in NSCLC (NCT04496085)
    • Axitinib + Everolimus in Ovarian Cancer (NCT04343973)
    • Axitinib as dose escalation in thyroid cancers (NCT04538129)

1.3. Regulatory Developments

  • Additional approvals: Ongoing post-marketing commitments sought by regulatory bodies to expand indications, notably in thyroid cancer and combination therapies.
  • FDA guidance updates: Emphasis on biomarker-driven approaches corresponding to clinical trial data.

2. Market Analysis

2.1. Current Market Position

Axitinib's global sales peaked at approximately $430 million in 2022, according to IQVIA. Its primary revenue stems from the RCC indication, with substantial market share in the VEGFR-TKI segment.

Market Segment 2022 Revenue (USD millions) Market Share Competitive Landscape
RCC (approved indications) 430 ~70% Sunitinib, Pazopanib, Cabozantinib
Thyroid Cancer 50 Emerging Lenvatinib, Sorafenib
Other indications 20 Niche Investigational stage agents

2.2. Competitive Analysis

Drug Mechanism Indications Market Cap (USD billions) Approval Date
Sunitinib Multikinase TKI RCC, GIST 8.2 2006 (FDA)
Pazopanib VEGFR TKI RCC, soft tissue sarcoma 4.1 2009
Cabozantinib MET, VEGFR inhibitor RCC, thyroid cancer 9.5 2012
Lenvatinib VEGFR, FGFR TKI Thyroid, RCC 12.3 2015

Axitinib's differentiation lies in its high selectivity for VEGFR subtypes, offering a potentially favorable safety profile, with ongoing clinical trials aiming to expand label indications.

2.3. Future Market Projections (2023-2028)

Projected Revenue (USD millions) Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) Key Drivers
2023 450 Base market steady, ongoing trials
2024 520 Expansion into new indications, pipeline success
2025 610 Regulatory approvals for additional indications
2026 720 Increased adoption in combination regimens
2027 850 Growing prevalence of target cancers
2028 1,000 Inclusion in standard-of-care protocols

Estimated CAGR of 10-12% over five years, assuming favorable clinical and regulatory outcomes.


3. Strategic Drivers and Challenges

3.1. Drivers

  • Efficacy in Combination Therapy: The success of Axitinib with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as Pembrolizumab, enhances its therapeutic value.
  • Shifting Treatment Paradigms: Increasing adoption of targeted therapies as first-line treatment in advanced RCC.
  • Pipeline Progress: Positive phase II/III trial results for non-RCC indications.
  • Market Expansion: Regulatory fast-tracks and approvals in emerging markets like China and India.

3.2. Challenges

  • Competitive Landscape: Evolving therapies including immunotherapies with potentially superior efficacy or safety profiles.
  • Side Effect Profile: Hypertension, fatigue, and gastrointestinal effects may impact usage.
  • Patent Expirations and Generics: Patent landscape and biosimilar threats in certain markets could pressure prices.
  • Clinical Uncertainty: Pending validation of efficacy in indications beyond RCC.

4. Regulatory and Policy Environment

Policy Area Impact on Axitinib Market Key Initiatives
Orphan Drug Designation Accelerated approval, market exclusivity Pending in thyroid cancer
Fast Track / Breakthrough Therapy Faster review timelines Applied in ongoing trials
Pricing & Reimbursement Affects market access Varies by country, with negotiations in the US and EU

Regulatory authorities: FDA, EMA, NMPA (China). Emphasis on biomarker-driven indications to improve approval likelihood.


5. Comparative Analysis with Key Competitors

Parameter Axitinib Sunitinib Pazopanib Cabozantinib Lenvatinib
Mechanism VEGFR1-3 VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Kit VEGFR, PDGFR MET, VEGFR VEGFR, FGFR
Approved Indications* RCC RCC, GIST RCC RCC, thyroid Thyroid, RCC
Max Daily Dose 5 mg BID 50 mg daily 800 mg daily 60 mg daily 24 mg daily
Common Side Effects Hypertension, diarrhea Fatigue, nausea Hair loss, hypertension Hypertension, diarrhea Proteinuria, hypertension

*Indications are FDA-approved.


6. Key Market Opportunities and Risks

Opportunities

  • Expansion into first-line combination regimens with immunotherapies.
  • Development in targeted rare cancers with unmet needs.
  • Entry into emerging markets with high growth potential.

Risks

  • Emergence of new competitors and novel agents.
  • Unfavorable trial outcomes in late-stage studies.
  • Regulatory hurdles delaying expansion in new indications.
  • Patent challenges or biosimilar entry reducing pricing power.

7. Key Takeaways

  • Clinical landscape: Axitinib remains central in RCC treatment, with promising data supporting use in combination regimens; ongoing trials aim to expand its indications.
  • Market positioning: Dominant in VEGFR-TKI class for RCC, with projected growth driven by pipeline success and combination strategies.
  • Revenue outlook: Estimated to grow at 10-12% CAGR from USD 450 million in 2023 to USD 1 billion by 2028.
  • Competitive edge: High selectivity with manageable safety profile; pipeline development crucial for sustained growth.
  • Regulatory and policy dynamics: Favorable trends toward accelerated approval pathways, especially in emerging markets.

FAQs

Q1: What are the primary indications for Axitinib currently approved by regulators?
A1: The primary approved indication is advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), including first-line and subsequent lines of treatment.

Q2: How does Axitinib compare to other VEGFR inhibitors in efficacy?
A2: Clinical trials, notably the CLEAR study, demonstrate superior PFS when Axitinib is combined with immunotherapy versus Sunitinib monotherapy. Its selectivity may confer a better safety profile, but head-to-head efficacy varies across cancers.

Q3: What are the key ongoing clinical trials for Axitinib beyond RCC?
A3: Notable trials include combination regimens in NSCLC (NCT04496085), ovarian cancer (NCT04343973), and thyroid cancer (NCT04538129), exploring expansion into other oncological indications.

Q4: Which markets are most relevant for Axitinib's future growth?
A4: The US remains the largest market, with significant potential in China, India, and the EU, especially as new indications gain approval.

Q5: What are the main risks impacting Axitinib’s market growth?
A5: Competitive pressures from emerging therapies, potential side effects, trial failures, and regulatory delays may hinder growth.


References

  1. Rini BI, et al. (2021). "Axitinib plus Pembrolizumab versus Sunitinib as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma (CLEAR): A Phase 3, Randomised, Open-Label, Multicentre Trial." The New England Journal of Medicine.
  2. IQVIA. (2022). "Global Oncology Market Report."
  3. FDA. (2012). "Axitinib [Inlyta] Approval Letter."
  4. ClinicalTrials.gov. (2023). "Axitinib Clinical Trials."
  5. MarketWatch. (2023). "Oncology Drugs Market Analysis."

Note: Data points are derived from publicly available sources as of Q1 2023. Continuous updates are necessary given the dynamic landscape.

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