Claims for Patent: 7,838,499

Summary for Patent: 7,838,499

Title:	Benzylbenzene derivatives and methods of use
Abstract:	Provided are compounds having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing the compounds, synthetic intermediates, and methods of using the compounds, independently or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for treating diseases and conditions which are affected by SGLT inhibition.
Inventor(s):	Yuanwei Chen, Huawei Cheng, Shengbin Li, Yuelin Wu, Yan Feng, Binhua Lv, Baihua Xu, Brian Seed, Michael J. Hadd, Yanli Song, Jiyan Du, Congna Wang, Jacques Y. Roberge
Assignee:	Theracosbio LLC
Application Number:	US12/197,095
Patent Claims:	1. A compound of Formula I: wherein V is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen; sulfur; SO; SO2; and a single bond; W is a member selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylene, C2-C6 alkenylene, C2-C6 alkynylene, C3-C10 cycloalkylene, C5-C10 cycloalkenylene and (C3-C10 cycloalkylene)(C1-C6 alkylene) wherein the C3-C10 cycloalkylene portion bonds to V and the C1-C6 alkylene portion bonds to X, and wherein alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, cycloalkylene and cycloalkenylene groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated and are optionally mono- or disubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyloxy, C5-C10 cycloalkenyl and C5-C10 cycloalkenyloxy, and in cycloalkylene and cycloalkenylene groups or portions one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N; X is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen; sulfur; SO; and SO2; Y is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C5-C10 cycloalkenyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C1-C4 alkyl, (C5-C10 cycloalkenyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C2-C4 alkenyl, C3-C6 cycloalkylidenmethyl, (C5-C10 cycloalkenyl)C2-C4 alkenyl, (C1-C4 alkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (C2-C4 alkenyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (C5-C10 cycloalkenyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (amino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C4 alkylamino)C1-C3 alkyl, di-(C1-C3 alkylamino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)carbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)carbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (arylcarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (heteroarylcarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C2-C6 alkenylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C2-C6 alkynylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (arylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (heteroarylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)aminocarbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)aminocarbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (arylaminocarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (heteroarylaminocarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)sulfonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)sulfonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)sulfonyl, arylsulfonyl and heteroarylsulfonyl; wherein alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated and are optionally mono- or disubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyloxy, C5-C10 cycloalkenyl, C5-C10 cycloalkenyloxy, and NRbRc, and in cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups or portions one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N, wherein the heterocycle formed by said optional replacement is other than heteroaryl, and wherein when V is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and a single bond and W is C1-C6 alkylene, then Y is other than hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and when V is oxygen, W is C3-C10 cycloalkylene and X is oxygen, then Y is other than hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl or trifluoromethyl; and when V is a single bond and W is a member selected from the group consisting of C2-C6 alkenylene, C2-C6 alkynylene, C3-C10 cycloalkylene and C5-C10 cycloalkenylene, then Y is other than hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl or (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C1-C4 alkyl; and when V is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, SO and SO2, W is a member selected from the group consisting of C2-C6 alkenylene and C2-C6 alkynylene, and Y is a member selected from the group consisting of C3-C10 cycloalkyl and C5-C10 cycloalkenyl, then X can also represent a single bond; or optionally, X is NRa and Y is a member selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C2-C6 alkenylsulfonyl, C2-C6 alkynylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfinyl, heteroarylsulfinyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)aminocarbonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)aminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, heteroarylaminocarbonyl, (C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C2-C6 alkenylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C2-C6 alkynylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (arylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (heteroarylsulfonyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (arylsulfinyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (heteroarylsulfinyl)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)amino carbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)aminocarbonyl(C1-C3)alkyl, (arylaminocarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl and (heteroarylaminocarbonyl)C1-C3 alkyl; wherein alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated, and when Ra is a member selected from the group consisting of H and (C1-C4 alkyl)carbonyl, then Y is other than (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl or arylcarbonyl; Z is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen; sulfur; SO; SO2; 1,1-cyclopropylene; carbonyl; and methylene optionally substituted with one to two substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl and C3-C6 cycloalkyloxy; R1, R2 and R3 are each members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C5-C10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C6 alkyloxy, C3-C10 cycloalkyloxy, cyano and nitro, wherein alkyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions are optionally mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, or when R1 and R2 are bound to two adjacent C atoms, R1 and R2 are optionally joined together to form a C3-C5 alkylene, C3-C5 alkenylene or butadienylene bridge, which is optionally partly or completely fluorinated and is optionally mono- or disubstituted by identical or different substituents selected from chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkoxy and C1-C3 alkyl, and wherein one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and wherein one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N; R4 and R5 are each members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkyloxy and C3-C10 cycloalkyloxy, wherein alkyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions are optionally mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, or when R4 and R5 are bound to two adjacent C atoms, R4 and R5 are optionally joined together to form a C3-C5 alkylene, C3-C5 alkenylene or butadienylene bridge, which is optionally partly or completely fluorinated and is optionally mono- or disubstituted by identical or different substituents selected from chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkoxy and C1-C3 alkyl, and wherein one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and wherein one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each members independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, (C1-C18 alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C1-C18 alkyl)oxycarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, aryl-(C1-C3 alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)carbonyloxy, hydrogen, halo, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, (C3-C10)cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, (C5-C7)cycloalkenyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, aryl-(C1-C3)alkyl, heteroaryl-(C1-C3)alkyl, C1-C6 alkyloxy, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyloxy, C3-C7 cycloalkyloxy, C5-C7 cycloalkenyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)alkyloxy, (C5-C7)cycloalkenyl-(C1-C3)alkyloxy, aryl-(C1-C3)alkyloxy, heteroaryl-(C1-C3)alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, hydroxycarbonyl, (C1-C4 alkyl)aminocarbonyl, di-(C1-C3 alkyl)aminocarbonyl, (C1-C4 alkyloxy)carbonyl, aminocarbonyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, (C1-C4 alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, di-(C1-C3 alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, (C1-C4 alkyloxy)carbonyl-(C1-C3)alkyl, (C3-C7)cycloalkyloxy-(C1-C3)alkyl, (C5-C7)cycloalkenyloxy-(C1-C3)alkyl, aryloxy-(C1-C3)alkyl, heteroaryloxy-(C1-C3)alkyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, arylsulfonyloxy, aryl-(C1-C3)alkyl-sulfonyloxy, trimethylsilyloxy, t-butyldimethylsilyloxy, and cyano; wherein alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated and are optionally mono- or disubstituted by substituents independently selected from chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkoxy and C1-C3 alkyl, and in cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups or portions one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by NRb, O, S, CO, SO or SO2; when Y is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, then both R8 and R9 are hydroxy; each Ra is a member independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl and (C1-C4 alkyl)carbonyl, wherein alkyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated; each Rb is a member independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C4 alkyl and (C1-C4 alkyl)carbonyl, wherein alkyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated; each Rc is a member independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, CHRdRe, SO2Rd, C(O)ORd and C(O)NRdRe, wherein alkyl and cycloalkyl groups are optionally partly or completely fluorinated; and Rd and Re each independently represent H or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein alkyl groups are optionally partly or completely fluorinated; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 2. A compound of claim 1, wherein when V is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and a single bond and W is C1-C6 alkylene, then Y is other than hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl or (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C1-C4 alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl portion of Y is carbocyclic. 3. A compound of claim 1, wherein V is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and a single bond. 4. A compound of claim 3, wherein V is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and a single bond. 5. A compound of claim 1, wherein W is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylene, C2-C6 alkenylene, C2-C6 alkynylene, C3-C10 cycloalkylene and (C3-C10 cycloalkylene)(C1-C6 alkylene). 6. A compound of claim 5, wherein W is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylene, C2-C6 alkenylene and C2-C6 alkynylene. 7. A compound of claim 1, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, a single bond and NRa. 8. A compound of claim 7, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and a single bond. 9. A compound of claim 1, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C1-C4 alkyl, (C1-C4 alkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (amino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C4 alkylamino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)carbonyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)sulfonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)sulfonyl, or (C2-C6 alkynyl)sulfonyl, wherein alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated and are optonally mono- or disubstituted by substituents independently selected from chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy and C3-C6 cycloalkyl, and in cycloalkyl groups or portions one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N. 10. A compound of claim 9, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl and (C1-C4 alkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl. 11. A compound of claim 1, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, or methylene optionally substituted with one to two substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl and C3-C6 cycloalkyloxy. 12. A compound of claim 11, wherein Z is methylene. 13. A compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyloxy and cyano. 14. A compound of claim 13, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and C1-C6 alkyl. 15. A compound of claim 14, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and C1-C6 alkyl, and R2 and R3 are each hydrogen. 16. A compound of claim 1, wherein R4 and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyloxy and cyano. 17. A compound of claim 16, wherein R4 and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and C1-C6 alkyl. 18. A compound of claim 17, wherein R4 and R5 are each hydrogen. 19. A compound of claim 1, wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halo, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkyloxy, (C3-C7)cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy and (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)alkyloxy, wherein alkyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions are optionally partly or completely fluorinated. 20. A compound of claim 19, wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each hydroxy. 21. A compound of claim 1, having Formula IA: wherein R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and C1-C6 alkyl; V is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen and a single bond; W is a member selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylene, C2-C6 alkenylene, C2-C6 alkynylene, C3-C10 cycloalkylene, and (C3-C10 cycloalkylene)(C1-C6 alkylene); X is a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, a single bond, and NRa; and Y is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyl)C1-C4 alkyl, (C1-C4 alkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (C3-C10 cycloalkyloxy)C1-C3 alkyl, (amino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C4 alkylamino)C1-C3 alkyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)carbonyl, (C2-C6 alkynyl)carbonyl, (C1-C6 alkyl)sulfonyl, (C2-C6 alkenyl)sulfonyl, and (C2-C6 alkynyl)sulfonyl, wherein alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cycloalkyl groups or portions of W, X and Y are optionally partly or completely fluorinated and optionally mono- or disubstituted by identical or different substituents selected from chlorine, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, and C3-C6 cycloalkyl, and in cycloalkyl groups or portions one or two methylene groups are optionally replaced independently of one another by O, S, CO, SO, SO2 or NRb, and one or two methyne groups are optionally replaced by N. 22. A compound of claim 1, selected from the group consisting of: (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-(4-(2-(allyloxy)ethoxy)benzyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(prop-2-ynyloxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(1-(prop-2-ynyloxy)propan-2-yloxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(4-hydroxybut-2-ynyloxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(4-methoxybut-2-ynyloxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(cyclopentyloxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(443-cyclopropylprop-2-ynyloxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(difluoromethoxy)ethyl)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-cyclopropoxyethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(cyclohex-2-enyloxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-((E)-3-cyclopropylallyloxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-((R)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-cyclobutoxyethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-(1-methylcyclopropoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-cyclopropoxyethyl)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(cyclopropoxymethyl)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(2-cyclopropoxypropoxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; and (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(3-cyclopropoxypropyl)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 23. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of claim 1. 24. A method of treating a disease or condition affected by inhibition of SGLT activity, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1. 25. A method of treating diabetes, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1. 26. A method in accordance with claim 25, wherein said diabetes is type 1 diabetes. 27. A method in accordance with claim 25, wherein said diabetes is type 2 diabetes. 28. A method in accordance with claim 25, wherein said compound is administered in combination with a second therapeutic agent. 29. A method in accordance with claim 28, wherein said second therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of antidiabetic agents, lipid-lowering/lipid-modulating agents, agents for treating diabetic complications, anti-obesity agents, antihypertensive agents, antihyperuricemic agents, and agents for treating chronic heart failure and atherosclerosis. 30. A method in accordance with claim 24, wherein said disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, diabetic complications, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, obesity, edema, dyslipidemia, chronic heart failure, and atherosclerosis. 31. A compound of the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.