Claims for Patent: 11,464,423

Summary for Patent: 11,464,423

Title:	In-body power source having high surface area electrode
Abstract:	Power sources that enable in-body devices, such as implantable and ingestible devices, are provided. Aspects of the in-body power sources of the invention include a solid support, a first high surface area electrode and a second electrode. Embodiments of the in-power sources are configured to emit a detectable signal upon contact with a target physiological site. Also provided are methods of making and using the power sources of the invention.
Inventor(s):	Hooman Hafezi, Timothy Robertson, Eric Snyder, Brad Cozad
Assignee:	Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Application Number:	US14/602,895
Patent Claims:	1. An in-body medical device comprising: an integrated circuit substrate comprising a surface and a circuitry element; a first electrode coupled to the circuitry element and comprising: a first active electrode material; a first surface; and a second surface; a second electrode connected to the surface of the integrated circuit substrate and coupled to the circuitry element, wherein the second electrode is electrically isolated from the first electrode and comprises a second active electrode material that is different from the first active electrode material; and an electrically conductive porous under-layer interposed between the first surface of the first electrode and the surface of the integrated circuit substrate, the electrically conductive porous under-layer comprising an inert metal or an oxidizable metal; wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is configured to provide a surface area enhancement to the first electrode, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is configured to improve adhesion, and wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is a layer that is contiguous to and mechanically supports the first electrode; and wherein the in-body medical device is suitable for human ingestion or implantation. 2. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the device is dimensioned to be ingestible. 3. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer comprises an element selected from the group consisting of: Au, Cu, Pt, Ir, Pd, Rh and Ru and alloys thereof. 4. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer comprises an element selected from the group consisting of: Ti and W and alloys thereof. 5. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer has a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 100 μm. 6. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is formed on the same surface of the integrated circuit substrate as the second electrode. 7. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the integrated circuit substrate comprises a first substrate surface to which the first electrode is connected via the electrically conductive porous under-layer and a second substrate surface to which the second electrode is connected; and the first substrate surface is arranged opposite to the second substrate surface. 8. The in-body medical device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier composition. 9. The in-body medical device according to claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier composition is in the form of a tablet. 10. The in-body medical device according to claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier composition is in the form of a capsule. 11. The in-body medical device according to claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier composition comprises an active agent. 12. The device of claim 1, wherein the second surface is uncovered by the electrically conductive porous under-layer. 13. A system comprising: a receiver; and an in-body medical device suitable for human ingestion or implantation, wherein the in- body medical device is configured to communicate with the receiver, the in-body medical device comprising: an integrated circuit substrate comprising a surface and a circuitry element; a first electrode coupled to the circuitry element and comprising: a first active electrode material; a first surface; and a second surface; a second electrode connected to the surface of the integrated circuit substrate and coupled to the circuitry element, wherein the second electrode is electrically isolated from the first electrode and comprises a second active electrode material that is different from the first active electrode material; and an electrically conductive porous under-layer interposed between the first surface of the first electrode and the surface of the integrated circuit substrate, the electrically conductive porous under-layer comprising an inert metal or an oxidizable metal; wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is configured to provide a surface area enhancement to the first electrode, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is configured to improve adhesion, and wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is a layer that is contiguous to and mechanically supports the first electrode. 14. The system according to claim 13, wherein said receiver is an in vivo receiver. 15. The system according claim 13, wherein said receiver is an ex vivo receiver. 16. The system according to claim 13, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is provided by electrodeposition. 17. The system according to claim 13, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is provided by cathodic arc deposition. 18. The system according to claim 13, wherein the electrically conductive porous under-layer is provided by electrophoretic deposition. 19. The system of claim 13, wherein the second surface is uncovered by the electrically conductive porous under-layer.