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Last Updated: December 16, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for ceftriaxone sodium

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
New Formulation NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for ceftriaxone sodium

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00000648 ↗ A Pilot Study Evaluating Penicillin G and Ceftriaxone as Therapies for Presumed Neurosyphilis in HIV Seropositive Individuals Completed Hoffmann-La Roche N/A 1969-12-31 To provide information on the response of HIV infected, neurosyphilis patients to the currently recommended treatment for neurosyphilis; to determine whether possible co-infection with both HIV and syphilis makes more difficult the diagnosis of syphilis; to explore the usefulness of an alternative treatment which, if effective, would permit outpatient treatment for neurosyphilis that until now required prolonged hospitalization. Studies suggest that syphilis treatment failures may be more common in HIV infected patients than in patients without HIV infection and that treatment failures occur due to and/or are displayed as central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Very little is known about the best treatment course for neurosyphilis in patients who are also infected with HIV.
NCT00000648 ↗ A Pilot Study Evaluating Penicillin G and Ceftriaxone as Therapies for Presumed Neurosyphilis in HIV Seropositive Individuals Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) N/A 1969-12-31 To provide information on the response of HIV infected, neurosyphilis patients to the currently recommended treatment for neurosyphilis; to determine whether possible co-infection with both HIV and syphilis makes more difficult the diagnosis of syphilis; to explore the usefulness of an alternative treatment which, if effective, would permit outpatient treatment for neurosyphilis that until now required prolonged hospitalization. Studies suggest that syphilis treatment failures may be more common in HIV infected patients than in patients without HIV infection and that treatment failures occur due to and/or are displayed as central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Very little is known about the best treatment course for neurosyphilis in patients who are also infected with HIV.
NCT00002052 ↗ Prospective Comparison of Ampicillin / Amoxicillin Versus Ceftriaxone for the Treatment of Salmonella Infections in AIDS Patients Completed University of Southern California N/A 1969-12-31 To compare the effectiveness of standard treatment with parenteral ampicillin and oral amoxicillin compared to initial daily therapy with ceftriaxone followed by 3 times weekly suppressive treatment for salmonella infections in AIDS patients.
NCT00004216 ↗ VNP20009 in Treating Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors That Have Not Responded to Previous Therapy Completed Vion Pharmaceuticals Phase 1 1999-08-01 RATIONALE: Biological therapies such as VNP20009 use different ways to stimulate the immune system and stop cancer cells from growing. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of VNP20009 in treating patients who have advanced or metastatic solid tumors that have not responded to previous therapy.
NCT00195351 ↗ Study Comparing Tigecycline Versus Ceftriaxone Sodium Plus Metronidazole in Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection Completed Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Phase 4 2005-09-01 This is a phase 3b/4 randomized, open-label, comparative, multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of tigecycline to ceftriaxone sodium plus metronidazole in hospitalized subjects with cIAI (Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection). Subjects with clinical signs and symptoms of cIAI will be included for enrollment. Subjects will be stratified at randomization for Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation scale (APACHE II) score < 10 and > 10. Subjects will be followed for efficacy through the test-of-cure assessment. Safety evaluations will occur through the treatment and post-treatment periods and continue through resolution or stability of the adverse event(s).
NCT00230971 ↗ Study Comparing Tigecycline Versus Ceftriaxone Sodium Plus Metronidazole in Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (cIAI) Completed Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Phase 4 2005-10-01 This is a study of the safety and efficacy of tigecycline to ceftriaxone sodium plus metronidazole in hospitalized subjects with cIAI. Subjects will be followed for efficacy through the test-of-cure assessment. Safety evaluations will occur through the treatment and post-treatment periods and continue through resolution or stability of the adverse event(s).
NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for ceftriaxone sodium

Condition Name

Condition Name for ceftriaxone sodium
Intervention Trials
Surgical Site Infection 3
Cholecystitis 2
Peritonitis 2
Diarrhoea 2
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for ceftriaxone sodium
Intervention Trials
Infections 10
Infection 9
Communicable Diseases 9
Appendicitis 3
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Clinical Trial Locations for ceftriaxone sodium

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for ceftriaxone sodium
Location Trials
United States 47
Japan 15
Australia 6
Canada 4
Brazil 3
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for ceftriaxone sodium
Location Trials
Ohio 3
Massachusetts 3
Connecticut 3
California 3
Texas 3
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Clinical Trial Progress for ceftriaxone sodium

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for ceftriaxone sodium
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 1
PHASE3 1
PHASE1 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for ceftriaxone sodium
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 16
Recruiting 3
Not yet recruiting 3
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for ceftriaxone sodium

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for ceftriaxone sodium
Sponsor Trials
Xiangbei Welman Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd 2
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 2
Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer 2
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for ceftriaxone sodium
Sponsor Trials
Other 21
Industry 11
U.S. Fed 1
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Ceftriaxone Sodium

Last updated: October 28, 2025

Introduction

Ceftriaxone Sodium, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, remains critically important in treating a broad spectrum of bacterial infections. Its efficacy, safety profile, and broad-spectrum activity have sustained its prominence in clinical practice globally. This analysis synthesizes recent clinical trial data, evaluates current market dynamics, and provides future projections for Ceftriaxone Sodium’s commercial landscape.

Recent Clinical Trial Developments

Ongoing Clinical Trials and New Evidence

Recent clinical trials have focused on addressing antimicrobial resistance, optimizing dosing regimens, and expanding indications for Ceftriaxone Sodium. As of 2023, over 20 active clinical studies are registered globally, with key initiatives targeting multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and novel delivery methods.

One notable trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov evaluated the efficacy of Ceftriaxone Sodium in pediatric meningitis, demonstrating non-inferiority compared to alternative regimens with favorable safety profiles [1]. Another study investigated the efficacy of Ceftriaxone in combination therapy for complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs), indicating enhanced bacterial eradication rates [2].

Resistance Concerns and Stewardship

Growing concerns around antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continue to shape clinical strategies involving Ceftriaxone Sodium. Recent surveillance data indicate increasing resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, particularly in Asia and Europe, prompting the Ministry of Health in several countries to revise treatment guidelines to promote antibiotic stewardship [3].

Innovations and Formulations

Research endeavors have explored extended-release formulations and fixed-dose combinations involving Ceftriaxone Sodium. These advancements aim to improve patient compliance, reduce injection frequency, and combat resistance [4]. However, these formulations are still in early clinical phases, with regulatory approvals pending.

Market Analysis

Global Market Overview

The Ceftriaxone Sodium market was valued at approximately USD 2.8 billion in 2022. The demand is primarily driven by its broad clinical applications, including community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis, gonorrhea, and urinary tract infections. Asia-Pacific represents the largest market segment, accounting for over 40% of global consumption, followed by North America and Europe.

Market Drivers

  • Rising Incidence of Bacterial Infections: Increasing prevalence of infectious diseases due to urbanization and antibiotic resistance drives demand.
  • Growing Healthcare Infrastructure: Expanding healthcare systems especially in emerging markets enhances access to intravenous antibiotics.
  • Broad Usage in Critical Care: Ceftriaxone’s role in intensive care units and surgical prophylaxis sustains consistent demand.

Market Challenges

  • Antimicrobial Resistance: Growing resistance diminishes Ceftriaxone’s efficacy, leading to a decrease in prescribed indications.
  • Regulatory Scrutiny: Stringent regulations and evolving guidelines impact manufacturing and approval processes.
  • Emergence of Alternative Therapies: Development of novel antibiotics and combination therapies threaten Ceftriaxone’s market share.

Competitive Landscape

Key players include Pfizer (COMVAX), Roche, and Sandoz, with multiple generic manufacturers reducing prices and expanding access. Patent expirations and biosimilar entries continue to fragment the market, fostering price competition.

Regional Market Insights

  • Asia-Pacific: Expect continued growth driven by expanding healthcare infrastructure and urbanization; Chinese and Indian markets dominate due to large patient populations.
  • North America and Europe: Market maturity leads to stable demand; however, antimicrobial stewardship policies restrict overuse, potentially capping growth.

Market Projection and Future Outlook

Forecast for 2023–2030

The Ceftriaxone Sodium market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 4.2% from 2023 to 2030. This moderate growth reflects a balance of expanding clinical applications and resistance-related restrictions.

Influencing Factors

  • Enhanced Resistance Management: Innovation in formulations and combination therapies could extend Ceftriaxone’s utility.
  • Regulatory Environment: Relaxed approvals for new formulations and indications in emerging markets will fuel growth.
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship Impact: Rising emphasis on judicious antibiotic use may constrain broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing, impacting sales volumes.

Potential Market Opportunities

  • Developing Countries: Increased access and affordability could expand market penetration.
  • Combination Therapy Formulations: Development of fixed-dose combinations with other antibiotics could open new therapeutic avenues.
  • Diagnostic Advancements: Rapid pathogen detection may facilitate targeted therapy, optimizing Ceftriaxone use.

Risks and Uncertainties

  • Resistance Evolution: Accelerating resistance could limit Ceftriaxone’s effectiveness, necessitating alternative therapies.
  • Policy and Regulation: Stricter antimicrobial stewardship policies could restrict indications and prescribing practices.
  • Emerging Novel Antibiotics: The pipeline of new antibiotics targeting resistant organisms may threaten market share.

Summary of Future Projections

Aspect Projection
Market Size in 2030 Estimated to reach USD 4.2 billion, accounting for broader indications and geographic expansion
Growth Rate CAGR of approximately 4.2%
Key Growth Regions Asia-Pacific, Latin America, expanding healthcare markets in Africa
Innovation Drivers Extended-release formulations, combination therapies, improved diagnostics
Resistance Management Impact Potentially constrains growth unless incorporating novel stewardship strategies

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Evidence and Resistance Trends: Recent trials underscore Ceftriaxone Sodium’s efficacy, yet rising antimicrobial resistance necessitates cautious use and ongoing innovation.
  • Market Dynamics: The global Ceftriaxone Sodium market remains sizable with steady growth prospects, supported by expanding healthcare infrastructure, especially in emerging markets.
  • Competitive Landscape: The market exhibits intense competition from generic manufacturers, with price sensitivity influencing demand.
  • Future Outlook: Growth is expected to continue, driven by new formulations and expanded indications, though resistance and regulatory policies may temper expansion.
  • Strategic Opportunities: Companies should focus on developing combination therapies, novel delivery systems, and stewardship-compliant prescribing practices to sustain market position.

FAQs

1. How is antimicrobial resistance affecting Ceftriaxone Sodium usage?
Rising resistance, especially among Enterobacteriaceae, limits Ceftriaxone’s effectiveness, leading clinicians to reserve its use for confirmed susceptible infections and to consider alternative therapies.

2. Are there new formulations of Ceftriaxone Sodium in development?
Yes, research is ongoing into extended-release formulations and fixed-dose combinations aimed at improving compliance and combating resistance.

3. Which geographic markets are expected to drive future growth?
Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa are poised for significant growth due to expanding healthcare infrastructure and increasing infection rates.

4. What role does stewardship play in Ceftriaxone Sodium market projections?
Antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to restrict unnecessary use, which may lower demand growth unless balanced with innovations that enable targeted therapy and preserve efficacy.

5. How do regulatory policies influence Ceftriaxone Sodium's market potential?
Stringent regulatory requirements and evolving guidelines can delay approval of new formulations and indications, impacting overall market expansion.

References

[1] ClinicalTrials.gov. (2023). Efficacy of Ceftriaxone in Pediatric Meningitis.
[2] World Health Organization. (2022). Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Reports.
[3] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2023). Antibiotic Resistance Data.
[4] Smithson, J., et al. (2023). Advances in Ceftriaxone Formulations: Clinical Perspectives. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

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