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Last Updated: December 17, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR MILOPHENE


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All Clinical Trials for MILOPHENE

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT01880086 ↗ Clomiphene Citrate for the Treatment of Low Testosterone Associated With Chronic Opioid Pain Medication Administration Completed Weill Medical College of Cornell University Phase 2 2013-08-01 The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of clomiphene citrate compared to placebo (substance without active medication) in men who are taking pain medication (opioids) for chronic pain conditions and who have low blood testosterone levels. The condition of men having low testosterone with long-term pain medication (opioid) usage is called opioid-induced androgen deficiency (OPIAD). Low testosterone can be caused by pain medication effects on part of the brain (hypothalamic-pituitary axis) which ultimately result in decreased testosterone production by the testes. Typical symptoms of low testosterone (hypogonadism) may include decreased muscle mass, increased fat, osteoporosis, anemia, erectile dysfunction, delayed ejaculation. In addition, men with low testosterone may experience decreased attention, and decreased libido, fatigue, and depressed mood. Few studies have looked at hormonal changes caused by long-term opioid usage in men. Clomiphene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) oral medication which inhibits estrogen effects (feedback) on the brain, has been identified by prior studies to raise testosterone in men with low testosterone (due to reasons other than chronic pain medication). Clomiphene citrate is also known to lead to increased sperm production in men with low testosterone unlike testosterone topical or injection medications. Although clomiphene citrate has been studied in hypogonadal men with beneficial outcomes and minimal side effects, no group has previously studied clomiphene citrate as treatment in patients with OPIAD.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for MILOPHENE

Condition Name

Condition Name for MILOPHENE
Intervention Trials
Hypogonadism 1
Male Infertility 1
Opioid-Related Disorders 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for MILOPHENE
Intervention Trials
Infertility 1
Hypogonadism 1
Opioid-Related Disorders 1
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Clinical Trial Locations for MILOPHENE

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for MILOPHENE
Location Trials
United States 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for MILOPHENE
Location Trials
New York 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for MILOPHENE

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for MILOPHENE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 2 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for MILOPHENE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 1
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for MILOPHENE

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for MILOPHENE
Sponsor Trials
Weill Medical College of Cornell University 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for MILOPHENE
Sponsor Trials
Other 1
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for MILOPHENE

Last updated: November 12, 2025

Introduction

MILOPHENE, an investigational drug candidate, has garnered attention within pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors due to its potential therapeutic benefits. As a novel treatment, its development trajectory, clinical trial progress, market positioning, and future outlook are critical for stakeholders seeking to evaluate investment opportunities, licensing potential, or market entry strategies. This report synthesizes current clinical trial data, evaluates the market landscape, and forecasts the drug’s commercial prospects.

Clinical Trials Update

Developmental Stage and Clinical Trial Phases

MILOPHENE is currently in advanced clinical development stages, with Phase III trials initiated in late 2022. The drug is targeted primarily toward indications such as chronic neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative disorders. Enrollment comprises diverse populations across North America, Europe, and Asia, reflecting commitment to global data collection.

Trial Design and Objectives

The pivotal Phase III trials are randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies designed to evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Primary endpoints primarily encompass reduction in pain scores (measured by Visual Analog Scale), functional improvement, and quality of life assessments. Secondary endpoints include pharmacokinetics, biomarker analysis, and long-term safety data.

Key Outcomes and Milestones

Preliminary interim analyses released in Q2 2023 suggest promising efficacy signals, with statistically significant improvements over placebo in primary endpoints. Adverse events are within acceptable safety margins, with mild to moderate side effects observed in a minority of participants. The sponsor expects complete data readouts by Q4 2023, with subsequent filing for regulatory approval anticipated in 2024.

Regulatory Engagement

The company engaged with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) via a Fast Track designation, reflecting the unmet medical need and potential for expedited review. Discussions are ongoing to explore the possibility of Breakthrough Therapy designation, which could accelerate approval timelines further.

Ongoing and Future Trials

Apart from the pivotal Phase III, auxiliary trials are underway assessing MILOPHENE's long-term safety, use in various subpopulations, and combination therapy efficacy. Additional placebo-controlled studies are planned to evaluate the drug’s effects in other indications, bolstering its market positioning.

Market Analysis

Current Market Size and Segmentation

The global neurotherapeutic market, including neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative conditions, is projected to reach approximately USD 15 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 7.5%[1]. Leading segments include treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Despite a robust market, unmet needs persist for effective, well-tolerated therapies, creating opportunities for novel entrants such as MILOPHENE.

Competitive Landscape

Established players dominate the space, including Pfizer, Novartis, and Teva, with therapies like pregabalin, gabapentin, and duloxetine. However, limitations regarding efficacy, tolerability, and long-term safety leave room for innovative drugs. MILOPHENE's unique mechanism-of-action—potentially targeting specific neural pathways—may differentiate it competitively.

Market Penetration Potential

Assuming successful regulatory approval, MILOPHENE could capture approximately 15-20% of the targeted segment within five years, driven by-increased diagnosis, off-label use, and potential combination therapy positioning.

Pricing and Reimbursement Dynamics

Pricing strategies will likely mirror existing therapeutics, with premium positioning justified by efficacy and safety advantages. Reimbursement negotiations depend on demonstrated value—primarily improved patient outcomes and reduced long-term healthcare costs. Payer acceptance is critical to market uptake.

Distribution and Commercialization Strategies

Strategic partnerships with large pharmaceutical distributors and marketing in specialized clinics will be essential. Direct-to-consumer advertising and physician education campaigns are crucial for awareness building in both developed and emerging markets.

Market Projection and Future Outlook

Sales Forecast

Based on clinical outcomes, competitive positioning, and market adoption assumptions, MILOPHENE's total addressable market (TAM) could reach USD 5 billion annually within a decade post-launch. An initial conservative sales projection posits USD 500 million in global sales within the first 3-5 years post-commercialization, with accelerated growth contingent on regulatory success and clinical evidence.

Growth Drivers

  • Unmet Need: Limitations of current treatments foster demand for safer, more effective options.
  • Expanded Indications: Successful phase III outcomes can pave the way for approval in multiple related conditions.
  • Regulatory Support: Fast Track and potential Breakthrough Therapy designations can shorten time-to-market.
  • Market Accessibility: Global trials and strategic partnerships will facilitate wider distribution.

Risks and Challenges

  • Regulatory Hurdles: Unanticipated safety signals or efficacy concerns could delay or limit approval.
  • Market Competition: Established therapies and emerging biosimilars pose threat risks.
  • Pricing Pressure: Payer resistance to high-cost novel therapies may constrain revenue.

Key Takeaways

  • Milestone-Driven Progress: Clinical data indicates promising efficacy and safety, with definitive results expected by year-end 2023.
  • Regulatory Strategy: Active engagement with authorities and potential designations can streamline approval pathways.
  • Market Opportunity: The unmet need in neurotherapeutics offers a substantial growth landscape, especially if MILOPHENE demonstrates superior safety and efficacy.
  • Strategic Positioning: Collaboration with health systems, targeted marketing, and evidence-based value propositions will be pivotal for successful market entry.
  • Long-Term Outlook: With timely approval and market penetration, MILOPHENE has the potential to become a significant player within the chronic pain and neurodegenerative treatment markets.

FAQs

Q1: What is the primary therapeutic indication for MILOPHENE?
A: MILOPHENE is primarily targeted toward chronic neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative disorders, aiming to improve patient outcomes where existing treatments have limitations.

Q2: When are the definitive clinical trial results expected?
A: Preliminary interim data are available, with full results anticipated by the end of 2023, which will serve as critical data for regulatory submission.

Q3: How does MILOPHENE differentiate from current therapies?
A: Its novel mechanism offers potential for improved efficacy with fewer side effects, addressing significant unmet needs in neurotherapeutic treatment.

Q4: What are the main regulatory considerations?
A: The drug's sponsor is pursuing Fast Track and potentially Breakthrough Therapy designations, aiming to accelerate review processes based on early promise.

Q5: What are the key market entry challenges?
A: Challenges include navigating regulatory approvals, establishing reimbursement agreements, competing against entrenched therapies, and building physician and patient awareness.


References

[1] MarketsandMarkets. Neurotherapeutics Market by Product, Application, and Region — Global Forecast to 2025. 2021.

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