CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

All Clinical Trials for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

Trial ID	Title	Status	Sponsor	Phase	Start Date	Summary
NCT00004361 ↗	Study of the Relationship Between Calcium Levels and Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) in Adults With Repaired or Palliated Conotruncal Cardiac Defects	Completed	Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago		1995-07-01	OBJECTIVES: I. Identify latent hypoparathyroidism in normocalcemic adult survivors with repaired conotruncal cardiac defects, by evaluating parathyroid gland secretory function after induced hypocalcemia. II. Determine the relationship of parathyroid hormone secretion to microdeletions in the same region of chromosome 22q11 as found in patients with DiGeorge anomaly.
NCT00004361 ↗	Study of the Relationship Between Calcium Levels and Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) in Adults With Repaired or Palliated Conotruncal Cardiac Defects	Completed	National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)		1995-07-01	OBJECTIVES: I. Identify latent hypoparathyroidism in normocalcemic adult survivors with repaired conotruncal cardiac defects, by evaluating parathyroid gland secretory function after induced hypocalcemia. II. Determine the relationship of parathyroid hormone secretion to microdeletions in the same region of chromosome 22q11 as found in patients with DiGeorge anomaly.
NCT00354692 ↗	Effect of Two Iron Preparations on Protein in the Urine	Completed	Watson Pharmaceuticals	Phase 4	2006-06-01	This pilot study will compare the effects of sodium ferric gluconate complex and iron sucrose on urine concentrations of various chemicals including protein
NCT00370968 ↗	Zinc-ORS in Severe and Complicated Acute Diarrhea	Completed	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi	Phase 2/Phase 3	2003-09-01	Three-hundred-and-fifty-two males aged 1-36 months with acute non-dysenteric diarrhoea and no systemic illness will be enrolled in this clinical trial. Eligible children will be stratified by their age (1up to 5 months, 6-35 months). Within the two age strata the patients will be randomized to receive zinc-ORS (fortified with 40 mg elemental zinc as zinc gluconate per litre) or standard WHO ORS. The major outcome measures will be stool output and duration of diarrhea. The safety of administering zinc will be determined by examining the effect of zinc ingestion on vomiting, sodium and potassium homeostasis, plasma zinc and copper, and iron stores and concentration of serum transferrin receptor.
NCT00370968 ↗	Zinc-ORS in Severe and Complicated Acute Diarrhea	Completed	Centre For International Health	Phase 2/Phase 3	2003-09-01	Three-hundred-and-fifty-two males aged 1-36 months with acute non-dysenteric diarrhoea and no systemic illness will be enrolled in this clinical trial. Eligible children will be stratified by their age (1up to 5 months, 6-35 months). Within the two age strata the patients will be randomized to receive zinc-ORS (fortified with 40 mg elemental zinc as zinc gluconate per litre) or standard WHO ORS. The major outcome measures will be stool output and duration of diarrhea. The safety of administering zinc will be determined by examining the effect of zinc ingestion on vomiting, sodium and potassium homeostasis, plasma zinc and copper, and iron stores and concentration of serum transferrin receptor.

Clinical Trial Conditions for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

Condition Name

Condition Name for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Intervention	Trials
Anemia	3
Kidney Failure, Chronic	2
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency	2
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis	1

Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Intervention	Trials
Renal Insufficiency	3
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency	3
Kidney Failure, Chronic	2
Osteoarthritis	2

Clinical Trial Locations for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Location	Trials
United States	20
Israel	3
Mexico	2
India	1
Bangladesh	1

Trials by US State

Trials by US State for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Location	Trials
Arizona	3
Pennsylvania	2
New York	2
Texas	2
Louisiana	2

Clinical Trial Progress for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Clinical Trial Phase	Trials
PHASE3	1
PHASE1	2
Phase 4	6

Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Clinical Trial Phase	Trials
Completed	15
Recruiting	4
Unknown status	4

Clinical Trial Sponsors for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Sponsor	Trials
Watson Pharmaceuticals	2
Rambam Health Care Campus	2
National Cancer Institute (NCI)	1

Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ACETATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM GLUCONATE
Sponsor	Trials
Other	39
NIH	4
Industry	4

Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Magnesium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Acetate, Sodium Chloride, and Sodium Gluconate

Last updated: October 28, 2025

Introduction

The electrolytes—Magnesium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Acetate, Sodium Chloride, and Sodium Gluconate—are critical components across numerous therapeutic, nutritional, and industrial applications. Their demand has surged, driven by advances in medical therapies, increasing investments in electrolyte management, and expanded industrial uses. This analysis reviews recent clinical trial developments, evaluates the current market landscape, and projects future trends for these compounds.

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Clinical Trials Landscape

Magnesium Chloride

Recent clinical trials emphasize Magnesium Chloride's efficacy in managing magnesium deficiency, arrhythmias, and migraines. Multiple Phase II and Phase III studies focus on its role in cardiovascular health, particularly in cardiac arrhythmia management post-myocardial infarction. The Magnesium in Stroke (MAGSTROKE) trial, though ongoing, investigates magnesium's neuroprotective properties. Moreover, trials assess its potential in improving insulin sensitivity among diabetic patients.

Potassium Chloride

Potassium Chloride remains a mainstay intervention for hypokalemia. Ongoing trials investigate its safety profile within complex electrolyte repletion protocols, including in oncology and critical care settings. Investigative studies are also exploring novel delivery systems to optimize absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

Sodium Acetate

Sodium Acetate trials primarily examine its analytical utility and therapeutic potential in acid-base regulation. Several Phase I trials assess its safety in emergency settings, targeting acidosis correction in trauma and septic shock. Emerging research explores sodium acetate as a component in dialysis and as an alternative buffer to sodium bicarbonate.

Sodium Chloride

Sodium Chloride's clinical research focuses on fluid management during surgeries and critical care. Trials are evaluating optimized IV infusion protocols to prevent hyponatremia and fluid overload. Additionally, research evaluates its role in managing hyponatremia in chemotherapy patients.

Sodium Gluconate

Clinical investigations into Sodium Gluconate explore its chelating properties, especially in heavy metal detoxification, wound cleaning, and as a stabilizer in pharmaceuticals. Preliminary trials show promise in antimicrobial applications owing to its chelating capacity, though more extensive research is required.

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Market Overview

Global Market Size and Dynamics

The global electrolyte market was valued at approximately USD 4.5 billion in 2022 and is projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 6.5% from 2023 to 2030 [1]. The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and electrolyte imbalances significantly propels demand.

Magnesium Chloride, valued at USD 900 million in 2022, is poised for robust growth driven by its dual application in pharmaceuticals and industrial uses such as de-icing and water treatment. The pharmaceutical segment dominates with its critical role in managing hypomagnesemia and as a supplement.

Potassium Chloride, with a market size exceeding USD 1.2 billion, primarily serves medical and agricultural sectors. Rising instances of potassium deficiency-related health issues underpin its steady growth. Notably, its demand in livestock and crop nutrition is also increasing.

Sodium Acetate has a niche but expanding market, especially driven by its application in biotechnological and medical contexts, such as buffering agents in dialysis. Its market remains around USD 300 million but is expected to grow with increased clinical research.

Sodium Chloride dominates the electrolytes market globally, valued at over USD 1.5 billion as of 2022. Its ubiquitous usage in saline solutions, food processing, and industrial applications ensures consistent demand.

Sodium Gluconate commands a smaller segment (~USD 220 million), buoyed by its chelating and cleaning properties in healthcare, agriculture, and industrial sectors. Advancements in green chemistry are likely to bolster its applications.

Regional Analysis

North America leads with a market share exceeding 40%, attributed to high healthcare spending, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and a growing prevalence of electrolyte-related disorders. The Asia-Pacific region exhibits the fastest CAGR (~8%), driven by expanding healthcare access, pharmaceutical manufacturing growth, and industrialization in China and India.

Europe sustains steady growth, notably in medical applications, owing to aging populations and strict regulatory standards demanding high-quality electrolyte solutions.

Regulatory and Industry Trends

Regulatory bodies like FDA, EMA, and global pharmacopeias govern electrolyte standards, ensuring safety and efficacy. Recent initiatives emphasize sustainable production and reduction of impurities, influencing market players' R&D strategies. Industry trends favor high-purity, ready-to-use formulations, and innovations in delivery systems.

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Market Projections (2023–2030)

Demand Drivers

• Increased adoption in intravenous therapy and critical care
• Growing prevalence of chronic diseases requiring electrolyte management
• Industrial applications, including water treatment, de-icing, and cosmetics
• Rising research investment, particularly in clinical trials examining new therapeutic indications

Projected Growth Trends

• Magnesium Chloride: Expected CAGR of 7%, reaching USD 1.5 billion by 2030. Expansion will be driven by pharmaceutical demand and industrial applications.
• Potassium Chloride: CAGR of 6.2%, with a market value projected to surpass USD 1.8 billion. Integration into agriculture and food industries will support growth.
• Sodium Acetate: Anticipated CAGR of 5.8%, reaching USD 430 million. Medical buffering applications and biotech uses are primary growth pipelines.
• Sodium Chloride: A steady CAGR of 3.5%, reaching approximately USD 2.0 billion, underpinned by staple food and industrial uses.
• Sodium Gluconate: Growth at around 6%, with turnover reaching USD 290 million, driven by environmental and healthcare applications.

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Key Challenges and Opportunities

Challenges

• Stringent regulatory standards influencing manufacturing and quality control
• Price volatility of raw materials, especially in Asia
• Ecological concerns surrounding industrial production processes
• Competition from alternative electrolytes and formulations

Opportunities

• Innovation in biodegradable and environmentally friendly production methods
• Development of high-purity formulations for precision medicine
• Expansion into emerging markets with underpenetrated healthcare infrastructure
• Diversification into niche applications such as heavy metal detoxification and bioplastics

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Key Takeaways

• Ongoing clinical trials reinforce Magnesium Chloride and Potassium Chloride's therapeutic roles, potentially expanding their indications.
• The electrolyte market is poised for steady growth, with increased demand driven by healthcare needs and industrial applications.
• Regionally, Asia-Pacific presents the most significant growth opportunity due to industrialization and healthcare expansion.
• Regulatory stringency, sustainability, and technological innovation will shape market dynamics over the next decade.
• Strategic partnerships between pharmaceutical companies and manufacturing entities offer growth leverage.

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FAQs

1. What new clinical applications are emerging for Magnesium Chloride?
Emerging research suggests potential in neuroprotection, metabolic regulation, and novel cardiovascular therapies, supported by ongoing clinical trials focusing on these areas [2].

2. How is the demand for Potassium Chloride expected to evolve in agriculture?
Demand is projected to grow as the agricultural sector seeks efficient potassium-based fertilizers to enhance crop yields amidst soil nutrient depletion.

3. Are there any environmental concerns associated with the industrial production of Sodium Acetate?
Yes. Concerns center around waste disposal, energy consumption, and emissions. Innovations in green manufacturing aim to mitigate these issues.

4. Will the growth of the electrolyte market impact pricing strategies?
Yes. Increased demand, coupled with raw material fluctuations, will likely lead to pricing adjustments. Companies investing in cost-efficient, sustainable production may gain competitive advantage.

5. How do regulatory trends influence new product development for these electrolytes?
Strict purity and safety standards compel manufacturers to invest in research and quality control, potentially increasing R&D costs but resulting in higher-quality, market-compliant products.

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References

[1] MarketWatch. “Electrolytes Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report,” 2022.
[2] ClinicalTrials.gov. “Magnesium Chloride in Disease Management,” 2023.