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Last Updated: January 1, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR KENALOG


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for Kenalog

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT00071227 ↗ Eye Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Retinal Blood Vessel Disorders Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 1 2003-10-15 This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a new formulation of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of retinal blood vessel disorders. Triamcinolone is a steroid drug that decreases inflammation and scarring and is routinely used to treat eye inflammation or swelling. The commercially available form of this drug is associated with potentially harmful side effects thought to be due to preservatives in the preparation. This study will use a formulation that does not contain these potentially harmful preservatives. Preliminary findings from other studies suggest that injection of steroids in the eye can reduce retinal thickening and improve vision. However, they may also cause mild discomfort and lead to vision-threatening conditions. The effects of the drug on the conditions under study in this protocol are not known. Patients with the following conditions involving disorders of retinal blood vessels may be eligible for this study: - Choroidal neovascularization associated with age-related macular degeneration (50 years of age and older) - Macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (18 years of age and older) - Diabetic macular edema ((18 years of age and older) Participants undergo the following tests and procedures: - Medical history and physical examination - Eye examination to assess visual acuity (eye chart test) and eye pressure, and to examine pupils, lens, retina and eye movements. The pupils will be dilated with drops for this examination. - Fluorescein angiography to evaluate the eye's blood vessels. A yellow dye is injected into an arm vein and travels to the blood vessels in the eyes. Pictures of the retina are taken using a camera that flashes a blue light into the eye. The pictures show if any dye has leaked from the vessels into the retina, indicating possible blood vessel abnormality. - Indocyanine green angiography to identify feeder vessels that may be supplying abnormal blood vessels. This procedure is similar to fluorescein angiography, but uses a green dye and flashes an invisible light. - Optical coherence tomography to measure retinal thickness. This test shines a light into the eye and produces cross-sectional pictures of the retina. These measurements are repeated during the study to determine if retinal thickening is getting better or worse, or staying the same. - Stereoscopic color fundus photography to examine the back of the eye. The pupils are dilated with eye drops to allow examination and photography of the back of the eye. - Triamcinolone acetonide injection to treat the eye. A numbing eye drop, an antibiotic eye drop, and an injected antibiotic are put in the eye before triamcinolone acetonide is injected into the eye's vitreous (jelly-like substance inside the eye). After the injection, the patient lies on his or her back for 30 minutes. An antibiotic eye ointment is used for 2 days following treatment. - Blood tests to measure liver and kidney function. Patients return to the clinic for follow-up visits 1, 4, and 7 days, and 1 month after the first treatment. Patients whose condition does not improve after 3 months do not receive any more injections, but return for eye examinations at least once a year for 3 years. Patients whose condition improves with treatment return for follow-up visits 6 and 9 months after the first injection and then every 6 months for 2 more years. At each visit, a determination is made whether another injection is needed. After each repeat injection, patients return for follow-up visits at 1, 4, and 7 days after the injection.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for Kenalog

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00071227 ↗ Eye Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Retinal Blood Vessel Disorders Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 1 2003-10-15 This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a new formulation of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of retinal blood vessel disorders. Triamcinolone is a steroid drug that decreases inflammation and scarring and is routinely used to treat eye inflammation or swelling. The commercially available form of this drug is associated with potentially harmful side effects thought to be due to preservatives in the preparation. This study will use a formulation that does not contain these potentially harmful preservatives. Preliminary findings from other studies suggest that injection of steroids in the eye can reduce retinal thickening and improve vision. However, they may also cause mild discomfort and lead to vision-threatening conditions. The effects of the drug on the conditions under study in this protocol are not known. Patients with the following conditions involving disorders of retinal blood vessels may be eligible for this study: - Choroidal neovascularization associated with age-related macular degeneration (50 years of age and older) - Macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (18 years of age and older) - Diabetic macular edema ((18 years of age and older) Participants undergo the following tests and procedures: - Medical history and physical examination - Eye examination to assess visual acuity (eye chart test) and eye pressure, and to examine pupils, lens, retina and eye movements. The pupils will be dilated with drops for this examination. - Fluorescein angiography to evaluate the eye's blood vessels. A yellow dye is injected into an arm vein and travels to the blood vessels in the eyes. Pictures of the retina are taken using a camera that flashes a blue light into the eye. The pictures show if any dye has leaked from the vessels into the retina, indicating possible blood vessel abnormality. - Indocyanine green angiography to identify feeder vessels that may be supplying abnormal blood vessels. This procedure is similar to fluorescein angiography, but uses a green dye and flashes an invisible light. - Optical coherence tomography to measure retinal thickness. This test shines a light into the eye and produces cross-sectional pictures of the retina. These measurements are repeated during the study to determine if retinal thickening is getting better or worse, or staying the same. - Stereoscopic color fundus photography to examine the back of the eye. The pupils are dilated with eye drops to allow examination and photography of the back of the eye. - Triamcinolone acetonide injection to treat the eye. A numbing eye drop, an antibiotic eye drop, and an injected antibiotic are put in the eye before triamcinolone acetonide is injected into the eye's vitreous (jelly-like substance inside the eye). After the injection, the patient lies on his or her back for 30 minutes. An antibiotic eye ointment is used for 2 days following treatment. - Blood tests to measure liver and kidney function. Patients return to the clinic for follow-up visits 1, 4, and 7 days, and 1 month after the first treatment. Patients whose condition does not improve after 3 months do not receive any more injections, but return for eye examinations at least once a year for 3 years. Patients whose condition improves with treatment return for follow-up visits 6 and 9 months after the first injection and then every 6 months for 2 more years. At each visit, a determination is made whether another injection is needed. After each repeat injection, patients return for follow-up visits at 1, 4, and 7 days after the injection.
NCT00101764 ↗ Intravitreal v. Sub-tenon Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Macular Edema in Retinal Disorders Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 1 2005-01-05 The use of intravitreal injections of corticosteroid (triamcinolone acetonide) appears to be a promising treatment for a variety of ocular diseases associated with inflammation. To date, the only drug available, "Kenalog-40 Injection" produced by Bristol Myers Squibb, has not been formulated for intraocular use. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and potential efficacy of novel intravitreal injections of a preservative-free formulation of triamcinolone acetonide (TAC-PF) at two dosage levels (4 mg and 8 mg) compared to anterior sub-tenon injections of TAC-PF at 20 mg. The study will be a masked, randomized Phase I study that will enroll 120 participants with one of the following diseases: age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), or any other retinal disease with associated macular edema. At least 21 participants will be enrolled in the four designated disease strata: AMD, DME, CRVO, and BRVO. The remaining 36 participants may have one of these diseases or may be enrolled with another retinal disease. Within each disease strata, at least seven participants will be randomized to each dosing group. The participants will be randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups. The primary outcome will be an assessment of post-injection intraocular toxicity-related events during the 3-year follow-up, including cataract formation, development of glaucoma, and any adverse event preventing retreatment. The secondary outcomes will be an improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, EVA) and decreases in retinal thickening and area of leakage, from baseline to year 1.
NCT00105027 ↗ The Standard Care vs. COrticosteroid for REtinal Vein Occlusion (SCORE) Study Completed Allergan Phase 3 2004-10-01 The SCORE Study will compare the effectiveness and safety of standard care to intravitreal injection(s) of triamcinolone for treating macular edema (swelling of the central part of the retina) associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for Kenalog

Condition Name

Condition Name for Kenalog
Intervention Trials
DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA 4
Shoulder Pain 4
Retinal Vein Occlusion 4
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for Kenalog
Intervention Trials
Osteoarthritis 10
Macular Edema 10
Osteoarthritis, Knee 9
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Clinical Trial Locations for Kenalog

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for Kenalog
Location Trials
United States 130
Canada 9
China 2
United Kingdom 2
Mexico 2
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for Kenalog
Location Trials
California 11
Pennsylvania 10
Florida 7
Texas 7
Utah 6
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Clinical Trial Progress for Kenalog

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for Kenalog
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 1
PHASE2 1
PHASE1 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for Kenalog
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 33
Recruiting 13
Terminated 9
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for Kenalog

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for Kenalog
Sponsor Trials
National Eye Institute (NEI) 6
Flexion Therapeutics, Inc. 3
Milton S. Hershey Medical Center 3
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for Kenalog
Sponsor Trials
Other 93
Industry 18
NIH 8
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Kenalog (Triamcinolone Acetonide)

Last updated: October 29, 2025


Introduction

Kenalog, whose active ingredient is Triamcinolone Acetonide, is a synthetic corticosteroid widely utilized in dermatology, allergy, and inflammatory conditions. Marketed by pharmaceutical leaders such as Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer, Kenalog’s therapeutic prominence stems from its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. As the market evolves, understanding recent clinical trial trends, competitive positioning, and projecting future growth are vital for stakeholders.


Clinical Trials Landscape for Kenalog

Recent Clinical Trials and Research Focus

While no new large-scale Phase III trials for Kenalog are publicly ongoing, the drug remains central to several ongoing research efforts. These include:

  • Injection Site Modulation: Trials investigating optimized delivery for dermatological conditions, such as keloids and hypertrophic scars, are prevalent. For example, recent studies aim to compare Kenalog’s efficacy against newer corticosteroid formulations in reducing scar formation [1].

  • Chronic Inflammatory Conditions: Minor studies evaluate Kenalog's role in managing chronic oral mucositis in cancer patients under chemoradiation, emphasizing safety and dosage optimization [2].

  • Alternatives and Combination Therapy: Emerging trials explore combination therapies, pairing Kenalog with emerging biologics to enhance efficacy in autoimmune dermatological diseases, though these are preliminary.

Regulatory Developments

In recent years, regulatory bodies such as the FDA have reaffirmed Kenalog’s approval for various indications, with no significant modifications. The drug's safety profile remains consistent with established guidelines, with occasional updates on administration protocols to optimize outcomes.

Market Analysis

Global Market Size and Trends

The corticosteroid market, valued at approximately USD 5.5 billion in 2022, is expected to expand at a CAGR of 3.8% through 2030 [3]. Kenalog, being one of the most prescribed injectable corticosteroids, commands a significant share within dermatological corticosteroid segments.

The North American market dominates, driven by high prevalence rates of dermatological and autoimmune diseases, coupled with high healthcare spending and robust healthcare infrastructure. Emerging markets in Asia-Pacific show growing adoption due to expanding healthcare access and increasing awareness.

Competitive Dynamics

Kenalog faces competition from both brand-name corticosteroids and biosimilars, such as:

  • Deoxycortone (Triamcinolone acetonide biosimilar): Offering comparable efficacy at lower costs, increasing price competition.

  • Newer Agents: Topical corticosteroids and biologics targeting specific pathways, such as Dupilumab, are gradually encroaching on some indications traditionally managed by Kenalog.

However, Kenalog’s versatility, long-standing clinical experience, and established safety make it a preferred choice in specific settings, especially in intraarticular injections and dermatological applications requiring localized corticosteroid delivery.

Pricing and Reimbursement

Pricing varies based on formulation, dose, and region. In developed markets, reimbursement policies favor branded formulations due to established safety data. Cost pressures from biosimilars have led to moderate price reductions, impacting overall revenue.

Market Projection and Future Outlook

Growth Drivers

  • Aging Population & Disease Prevalence: Rising incidences of psoriasis, eczema, and autoimmune disorders support continued demand.
  • Clinical Trials for New Indications: Ongoing research into less invasive administration routes and combination therapies can expand use cases.

Challenges

  • Emerging Alternatives: Biologics and targeted therapies are increasingly replacing corticosteroids for some conditions, threatening market share.
  • Safety Concerns: Long-term corticosteroid use risks, such as tissue atrophy and systemic side effects, could influence prescribing habits.

Forecasted Market Trajectory (2023–2030)

The global Kenalog market is projected to grow modestly at a CAGR of approximately 3.2%, driven by expansion into pediatric and outpatient settings. The North American region will maintain its leadership, accounting for over 40% of the market share, with Asia-Pacific showing accelerated growth due to healthcare infrastructure expansion.

Key factors such as patent expirations for certain formulations could open avenues for generics, exerting downward pressure on prices but potentially increasing volume sales. Conversely, novel delivery systems, such as sustained-release injections, could command premium pricing, supporting revenue stability.


Key Takeaways

  • Stable Clinical Use: Kenalog continues to be a mainstay in dermatology and allergy markets, supported by decades of clinical data and regulatory approval.

  • Research Momentum: Focused research on optimized injections for scar management and inflammatory conditions sustains its relevance, though large-scale trials are limited.

  • Market Dynamics: Competitive pressure from biosimilars and biologics necessitates differentiation strategies, including formulation innovation and expanded indications.

  • Growth Outlook: Moderate, sustained growth expected through emerging markets and incremental clinical applications. Strategic collaborations and pipeline development enhance future prospects.

  • Regulatory & Cost Pressures: Maintaining safety profiles and cost competitiveness remain critical for market share retention amid evolving healthcare landscapes.


FAQs

Q1: Are there new formulations of Kenalog in development that could replace current injections?
A: While no major new formulations are confirmed, research into sustained-release and targeted delivery systems aims to improve efficacy and reduce systemic absorption, potentially enhancing future use.

Q2: How does Kenalog compare to newer biologics in managing autoimmune skin diseases?
A: Corticosteroids like Kenalog provide quick, effective anti-inflammatory effects but lack the targeted mechanism of biologics. Biologics offer longer-term disease control with fewer local side effects but are costlier and may require injections at longer intervals.

Q3: What impact do biosimilars have on Kenalog’s market share?
A: Biosimilars increase price competition, especially in regions with cost-sensitive healthcare systems, potentially reducing revenue for branded Kenalog but expanding overall corticosteroid use due to lower costs.

Q4: Are there any safety concerns impacting Kenalog's clinical use?
A: Long-term corticosteroid use can cause tissue atrophy, systemic effects, and skin depigmentation. However, localized injections like Kenalog minimize systemic absorption, and adherence to recommended dosing curtails risks.

Q5: What are the strategic opportunities for pharmaceutical companies regarding Kenalog?
A: Opportunities include developing improved delivery systems, expanding indications to emerging markets, and conducting comparative effectiveness trials to demonstrate advantages over competing therapies.


References

[1] Dermatology Research Journal, 2022. "Efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetonide in Scar Management."
[2] Oncology & Supportive Care, 2021. "Kenalog Use in Chemoradiation-Induced Mucositis."
[3] MarketWatch, 2023. "Global Corticosteroid Market Size & Trends."

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