CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR KENGREAL

All Clinical Trials for KENGREAL

Trial ID	Title	Status	Sponsor	Phase	Start Date	Summary
NCT02978040 ↗	Randomized Comparison of Cangrelor, Tirofiban and Prasugrel in Patients With STEMI Referred for Primary PCI.	Completed	University Hospital Inselspital, Berne	Phase 4	2017-07-04	Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the main reperfusion therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The optimal platelet inhibition at the time of PCI is fundamental, however, the comparative speed of action of cangrelor as opposed to tirofiban and to chewed or integer loading dose of prasugrel is unknown. The purpose of this trial is to assess the inhibition of platelet aggregation with different regimens on platelet inhibition (tirofiban bolus+infusion, cangrelor bolus+infusion, prasugrel chewed loading dose, prasugrel integer loading dose) in the early phase of primary PCI.
NCT03043274 ↗	Cangrelor in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction to Decrease Infarct Size	Terminated	George Bennet, MD	Phase 4	2017-01-01	This study evaluates differences in the extent of myocardial necrosis noted by cardiac MRI in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction randomized to receive cangrelor during their percutaneous coronary intervention and compares them to patients randomized to not receive cangrelor.
NCT03043274 ↗	Cangrelor in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction to Decrease Infarct Size	Terminated	Khaled Ziada, MD	Phase 4	2017-01-01	This study evaluates differences in the extent of myocardial necrosis noted by cardiac MRI in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction randomized to receive cangrelor during their percutaneous coronary intervention and compares them to patients randomized to not receive cangrelor.
NCT03102723 ↗	Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury	Unknown status	Khoo Teck Puat Hospital	Phase 2	2017-10-01	There remains a clinical need to improve health outcomes in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) the leading cause of death and disability in Singapore and worldwide. One neglected therapeutic target is 'myocardial reperfusion injury' in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This results in microvascular obstruction (MVO) and cardiomyocyte death and contributes upto 50% of the final myocardial infarct (MI) size. Cangrelor, a potent intravenous platelet P2Y12 inhibitor with rapid onset and offset of action, has been demonstrated in experimental animal studies to reduce MI size when administered prior to reperfusion. Whether Cangrelor given together with Ticagrelor would be more effective at reducing MI size in STEMI patients treated by PPCI is not known and is investigated in the Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury (PITRI) trial.
NCT03102723 ↗	Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury	Unknown status	National University Hospital, Singapore	Phase 2	2017-10-01	There remains a clinical need to improve health outcomes in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) the leading cause of death and disability in Singapore and worldwide. One neglected therapeutic target is 'myocardial reperfusion injury' in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This results in microvascular obstruction (MVO) and cardiomyocyte death and contributes upto 50% of the final myocardial infarct (MI) size. Cangrelor, a potent intravenous platelet P2Y12 inhibitor with rapid onset and offset of action, has been demonstrated in experimental animal studies to reduce MI size when administered prior to reperfusion. Whether Cangrelor given together with Ticagrelor would be more effective at reducing MI size in STEMI patients treated by PPCI is not known and is investigated in the Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury (PITRI) trial.
NCT03102723 ↗	Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury	Unknown status	Tan Tock Seng Hospital	Phase 2	2017-10-01	There remains a clinical need to improve health outcomes in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) the leading cause of death and disability in Singapore and worldwide. One neglected therapeutic target is 'myocardial reperfusion injury' in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This results in microvascular obstruction (MVO) and cardiomyocyte death and contributes upto 50% of the final myocardial infarct (MI) size. Cangrelor, a potent intravenous platelet P2Y12 inhibitor with rapid onset and offset of action, has been demonstrated in experimental animal studies to reduce MI size when administered prior to reperfusion. Whether Cangrelor given together with Ticagrelor would be more effective at reducing MI size in STEMI patients treated by PPCI is not known and is investigated in the Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury (PITRI) trial.
NCT03102723 ↗	Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury	Unknown status	National Heart Centre Singapore	Phase 2	2017-10-01	There remains a clinical need to improve health outcomes in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) the leading cause of death and disability in Singapore and worldwide. One neglected therapeutic target is 'myocardial reperfusion injury' in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This results in microvascular obstruction (MVO) and cardiomyocyte death and contributes upto 50% of the final myocardial infarct (MI) size. Cangrelor, a potent intravenous platelet P2Y12 inhibitor with rapid onset and offset of action, has been demonstrated in experimental animal studies to reduce MI size when administered prior to reperfusion. Whether Cangrelor given together with Ticagrelor would be more effective at reducing MI size in STEMI patients treated by PPCI is not known and is investigated in the Platelet Inhibition to Target Reperfusion Injury (PITRI) trial.

Clinical Trial Conditions for KENGREAL

Condition Name

Condition Name for KENGREAL
Intervention	Trials
Coronary Artery Disease	3
STEMI - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction	3
Acute Coronary Syndrome	2
Myocardial Infarction	1

Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for KENGREAL
Intervention	Trials
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction	3
Myocardial Infarction	3
Infarction	3
Coronary Artery Disease	3

Clinical Trial Locations for KENGREAL

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for KENGREAL
Location	Trials
United States	3
Switzerland	1
Denmark	1
Italy	1
Singapore	1

Trials by US State

Trials by US State for KENGREAL
Location	Trials
Florida	2
Kentucky	1

Clinical Trial Progress for KENGREAL

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for KENGREAL
Clinical Trial Phase	Trials
Phase 4	5
Phase 2	1

Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for KENGREAL
Clinical Trial Phase	Trials
Recruiting	2
Unknown status	2
Terminated	1

Clinical Trial Sponsors for KENGREAL

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for KENGREAL
Sponsor	Trials
Scott R MacKenzie Foundation	2
Scott R. MacKenzie Foundation	2
University of Florida	2

Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for KENGREAL
Sponsor	Trials
Other	14

Last updated: April 28, 2026

Kengreal (elranatamab) Clinical Trials Update and Market Outlook

Kengreal (elranatamab) has entered late-stage development in multiple myeloma and is positioned to compete in the growing class of bispecific antibodies. Commercial projections hinge on regimen uptake versus teclistamab and talquetamab, where differentiators are dosing schedule, safety tolerability, depth of response durability, and treatment setting (outpatient versus inpatient initiation).

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What clinical trials define Kengreal’s current readout path?

Development focus: multiple myeloma (MM)

Kengreal is being developed as an off-the-shelf bispecific antibody for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Public trial disclosures track efficacy endpoints such as ORR, sCR/nCR rate (when reported), duration of response (DoR), and progression-free survival (PFS), alongside safety endpoints including CRS (cytokine release syndrome), ICANS, infections, and discontinuations.

Key elements that investors track in MM bispecific programs

For Kengreal, late-stage MM readouts typically resolve:

• Whether fixed-duration or step-up dosing reduces CRS/ICANS rates versus comparators.
• Whether response kinetics support earlier conversion to MRD-negative or deep response status.
• Whether real-world-grade infections and hypogammaglobulinemia management affect staying power.

Market relevance: in bispecific MM, the “launch” is not a single event. It is the sequence of label-enabling data across lines of therapy and the operationalization of management protocols (step-up dosing, prophylaxis, and outpatient feasibility).

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Where does Kengreal sit versus teclistamab and talquetamab?

Competitive set in RRMM bispecifics

The Kengreal competitive benchmark is the market’s current bispecific backbone:

• Teclistamab (J&J/Janssen): widely adopted early in adoption waves due to large clinical adoption experience and established treatment pathways.
• Talquetamab (Janssen): differentiated by antigen target and a distinct toxicity profile (notably skin and taste-related adverse events in public disclosures across the class).

Kengreal’s commercial “place in the map” depends on:

1. Admin burden: dosing schedule and the need for prolonged step-up monitoring.
2. Safety profile: CRS/ICANS frequency and severity, plus infection rates and discontinuations.
3. Efficacy durability: DoR and PFS trends in comparator populations.
4. Label scope: number of prior lines and eligibility for earlier-stage RRMM.

What matters commercially: even small differences in outpatient conversion rate and hospitalization days per cycle can shift total addressable spend between products with similar efficacy.

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What is the commercial opportunity and how should you project adoption?

Market sizing framework (projection logic)

A clinically validated bispecific portfolio expands through three adoption loops:

1. Physician awareness and protocolization: the treatment pathway becomes repeatable.
2. Clinic capacity fit: outpatient management reduces provider and facility constraints.
3. Patient selection refinement: patients most likely to benefit based on prior therapy and disease burden are treated first.

Adoption drivers that govern Kengreal’s trajectory

Kengreal’s projection should assume adoption is capped by:

• The center’s ability to run step-up dosing and manage CRS/ICANS.
• Access to infection prophylaxis protocols and IVIG management when needed.
• Reimbursement and how payers align with clinical criteria for bispecific use after prior lines.

Scenario approach for Kengreal (three-case model)

Use three adoption cases rather than one trajectory.

1) Base case (most likely):

• Kengreal wins share where safety/treatment burden offsets small efficacy differences.
• Adoption starts later than fastest entrants but scales as centers accumulate experience.

2) Upside case (share gain):

• Kengreal demonstrates a more favorable CRS/ICANS profile or shorter initiation monitoring, enabling earlier outpatient scaling.
• Label expansion into earlier RRMM lines increases eligible patient pool.

3) Downside case (friction):

• Higher infection discontinuations or logistical constraints slow outpatient conversion.
• Physicians keep patients on existing preferred bispecifics (teclistamab or talquetamab) where real-world pathways are already established.

Translation to revenue (how to set unit economics)

For MM bispecifics, annual revenue is most sensitive to:

• Average treated cycles per patient in year 1 to year 3
• Percentage of patients who remain on therapy without dose holds/discontinuations
• Net price versus list price (discounting and tendering effects vary by geography)

A practical projection model should treat market share as:

• A function of patient eligibility times
• Real-world treatment success times
• Center capacity scaling

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What label and payer dynamics will constrain or accelerate sales?

Label-dependent expansion

Kengreal’s commercial ceiling rises with:

• Earlier-line approvals that enlarge the addressable pool.
• Any subpopulation approvals based on prior exposure.

If Kengreal’s pivotal dataset supports label expansion, payer criteria typically loosen. If it restricts to later-line RRMM, payer use is more stringent and adoption slower.

Center-level constraints

Bispecific adoption is operational:

• Step-up dosing requires monitoring capacity.
• CRS/ICANS management pathways require standardized staffing and readiness.

Payers and providers align on predictable safety protocols. If Kengreal can demonstrate lower resource intensity during initiation and early cycles, adoption increases even when headline efficacy is similar.

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What are the key risks to the Kengreal forecast?

Clinical risks

• Infections: recurrent bacterial and opportunistic infections can force dose holds or discontinuation.
• CRS/ICANS: if rates or severity trend higher than leading comparators, hospitalization and monitoring costs rise.
• Durability: if DoR or PFS does not match marketed benchmarks, share retention slows.

Competitive risks

• Teclistamab entrenchment: established protocols create switching costs.
• Talquetamab differentiation: if antigen-specific tolerability is better for certain patient subsets, it reallocates demand.
• Sequencing pressure: physicians may cycle patients among bispecifics based on prior responses, which complicates forecasting.

Market risks

• Payer restrictions: strict criteria for bispecific reimbursement can delay expansion.
• Reimbursement timing and contracting: slow payer negotiations compress year-one net revenue.

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How should you interpret the latest clinical update signals for Kengreal?

A credible “clinical update to commercial outcome” link must connect:

• Efficacy signal strength (ORR and depth where reported) with
• Durability metrics (DoR/PFS trends where reported) with
• Safety practicality (CRS/ICANS incidence and manageability) with
• Treatment workflow impacts (outpatient initiation feasibility)

Absent those links, market projections drift.

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Key Takeaways

• Kengreal competes in the RRMM bispecific market where adoption is driven less by headline response alone and more by operational safety and outpatient scalability.
• Forecasts should use a scenario framework tied to CRS/ICANS manageability, infection burden, and label scope for earlier-line use.
• Teclistamab and talquetamab create switching costs through established protocols; Kengreal’s share gains depend on measurable resource and tolerability advantages.
• Revenue projections should focus on treated persistence, net pricing, and center capacity scaling, not only patient count.

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FAQs

1) Is Kengreal expected to compete primarily against teclistamab in RRMM?

Kengreal’s main commercial competition is the current bispecific backbone already embedded in MM treatment pathways, where teclistamab is a leading reference point for efficacy and operational experience.

2) What clinical endpoints matter most for Kengreal market adoption?

Adoption tracks with response durability (DoR/PFS trends) plus practical safety (CRS/ICANS manageability) and infection-related discontinuations.

3) How do CRS/ICANS rates translate into revenue for bispecifics?

Higher CRS/ICANS severity or more frequent hospitalization increases initiation and monitoring costs, delays outpatient scaling, and can reduce treated persistence.

4) What is the biggest non-clinical constraint on bispecific uptake?

Center-level capacity for step-up dosing monitoring and standardized CRS/ICANS response pathways.

5) What determines whether Kengreal gains share after launch?

Faster outpatient conversion, favorable safety management in real-world practice, and label scope that expands the eligible patient pool beyond later-line RRMM.

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References

[1] APA: Not available.