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Last Updated: December 16, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Combination NCT00620828 ↗ The Role of Intra-Operative Intracapsular Blocks in Post-Operative Pain Management Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed Pfizer Phase 4 2007-05-01 The purpose of this study is to use a new combination of anesthesia techniques in an attempt to minimize early pain after surgery and improve the patient's ability to participate more fully with physical therapy. Total knee replacement patients who participate will receive the standard anesthesia. This includes a spinal nerve block as well as a femoral nerve block. The study is looking at the added benefits of including an injection of numbing medication (Bupivicaine) to the back of the knee. This injection occurs during surgery. In order to compare the outcomes we will also have a group of patients who will receive a saline injection as opposed to the numbing medication. Patients are randomly assigned to a group. Outcomes are measured up until twenty-four hours following the surgery.
New Combination NCT00620828 ↗ The Role of Intra-Operative Intracapsular Blocks in Post-Operative Pain Management Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed Duke University Phase 4 2007-05-01 The purpose of this study is to use a new combination of anesthesia techniques in an attempt to minimize early pain after surgery and improve the patient's ability to participate more fully with physical therapy. Total knee replacement patients who participate will receive the standard anesthesia. This includes a spinal nerve block as well as a femoral nerve block. The study is looking at the added benefits of including an injection of numbing medication (Bupivicaine) to the back of the knee. This injection occurs during surgery. In order to compare the outcomes we will also have a group of patients who will receive a saline injection as opposed to the numbing medication. Patients are randomly assigned to a group. Outcomes are measured up until twenty-four hours following the surgery.
New Formulation NCT01349140 ↗ EXPAREL Dose-Response for Single-Injection Femoral Nerve Blocks Completed Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc Phase 1 2012-02-01 EXPAREL™, an investigational drug product, is a new formulation of a local anesthetic (numbing medicine) that is designed to be longer acting than the currently-available local anesthetics. The purpose of this study is to define the dose-response curve of EXPAREL, an investigational extended-duration formulation of the local anesthetic bupivacaine, on both motor and sensory block when applied in a fixed volume adjacent to the femoral nerve.
New Formulation NCT01349140 ↗ EXPAREL Dose-Response for Single-Injection Femoral Nerve Blocks Completed University of California, San Diego Phase 1 2012-02-01 EXPAREL™, an investigational drug product, is a new formulation of a local anesthetic (numbing medicine) that is designed to be longer acting than the currently-available local anesthetics. The purpose of this study is to define the dose-response curve of EXPAREL, an investigational extended-duration formulation of the local anesthetic bupivacaine, on both motor and sensory block when applied in a fixed volume adjacent to the femoral nerve.
OTC NCT01691690 ↗ Analgesic Effect of IV Acetaminophen in Tonsillectomies Completed Nationwide Children's Hospital Phase 2 2012-10-01 Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a first-line antipyretic and analgesic for mild and moderate pain for pediatric patients. Its common use (particularly in oral form) is underscored by its wide therapeutic window, safety profile, over the counter accessibility, lack of adverse systemic effects (as compared with NSAIDS and opioids) when given in appropriate doses. Although the exact anti-nociceptive mechanisms of acetaminophen continue to be elucidated, these mechanisms appear to be multi-factorial and include central inhibition of the cyclo-oxygenase (COX) enzyme leading to decreased production of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, interference with serotonergic descending pain pathways, indirect activation of cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors and inhibition of nitric oxide pathways through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or substance P. Of the above mechanisms, the most commonly known is that of central inhibition of COX enzymes by which the decreased production of prostaglandins diminish the release of excitatory transmitters of substance P and glutamate which are both involved in nociceptive transmission (Anderson, 2008; Smith, 2011). To date, several studies have shown acetaminophen's opioid sparing effect in the pediatric population when given by the rectal or intravenous routes (Korpela et al, 1999; Dashti et al, 2009; Hong et al, 2010).
New Formulation NCT01717157 ↗ A Study to Assess the Relative Bioavailability of 4 Formulations of Fentanyl Transdermal System Compared Against DUROGESIC Fentanyl Transdermal Patch After Single Application in Healthy Volunteers Completed Janssen Research & Development, LLC Phase 1 2012-08-01 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of 4 new formulations of fentanyl transdermal patch in healthy participants after a single application for 72 hours.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00000273 ↗ A Laboratory Model for Heroin Abuse Medications - 8 Completed National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Phase 2 1995-08-01 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of treatment medications (methadone, buprenorphine, LAAM, naltrexone, naltrexone microcapsules, and methoclocinnamox) on I.V. and smoked heroin self-administration."
NCT00000273 ↗ A Laboratory Model for Heroin Abuse Medications - 8 Completed New York State Psychiatric Institute Phase 2 1995-08-01 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of treatment medications (methadone, buprenorphine, LAAM, naltrexone, naltrexone microcapsules, and methoclocinnamox) on I.V. and smoked heroin self-administration."
NCT00003000 ↗ Morphine for the Treatment of Pain in Patients With Breast Cancer Completed Roswell Park Cancer Institute 1992-05-01 RATIONALE: Morphine helps to relieve the pain associated with cancer surgery. Giving morphine in different ways may offer more pain relief. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying how well morphine injected directly into the underarm area works compared with morphine injected into the back of the shoulder in treating pain in patients who have breast cancer and who are undergoing axillary lymph node dissection.
NCT00004424 ↗ Randomized Study of Propofol Versus Fentanyl and Midazolam in Pediatric Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation and Sedation Therapy Completed Case Western Reserve University N/A 1996-07-01 OBJECTIVES: I. Assess the degree of amnesia afforded by study sedatives relative to the patient's intensive care unit experiences. II. Evaluate the efficacy and safety of propofol monotherapy compared to a conventional sedative regimen consisting of continuous infusion fentanyl and midazolam. III. Perform a detailed pharmacoeconomic evaluation of propofol sedation compared to combination drug therapy in acutely ill, mechanically ventilated pediatric patients.
NCT00004424 ↗ Randomized Study of Propofol Versus Fentanyl and Midazolam in Pediatric Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation and Sedation Therapy Completed FDA Office of Orphan Products Development N/A 1996-07-01 OBJECTIVES: I. Assess the degree of amnesia afforded by study sedatives relative to the patient's intensive care unit experiences. II. Evaluate the efficacy and safety of propofol monotherapy compared to a conventional sedative regimen consisting of continuous infusion fentanyl and midazolam. III. Perform a detailed pharmacoeconomic evaluation of propofol sedation compared to combination drug therapy in acutely ill, mechanically ventilated pediatric patients.
NCT00027014 ↗ Herb-Opioid Interactions Completed National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) Phase 4 2001-09-01 This is a series of studies in healthy volunteers to assess the potential for adverse interactions between St. John's wort (SJW) extract and two narcotic (opioid) pain medications: oxycodone and fentanyl. In the case of oxycodone, we are interested in whether SJW treatment promotes the metabolism of oxycodone, such that it lowers the effectiveness of standard doses of oxycodone in treating pain problems. For the fentanyl study, we will investigate whether SJW treatment will interfere with the delivery of fentanyl to the brain and diminish it's effectiveness to relieve pain. There is evidence to suggest that SJW treatment may increase the activity of a transporter protein, named P-glycoprotein (Pgp), in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that protects the brain from exposure to drugs and other dietary and environmental toxins.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

Condition Name

Condition Name for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Intervention Trials
Pain 165
Postoperative Pain 122
Pain, Postoperative 101
Anesthesia 93
[disabled in preview] 0
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Intervention Trials
Pain, Postoperative 288
Acute Pain 62
Agnosia 48
Vomiting 47
[disabled in preview] 0
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Clinical Trial Locations for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Location Trials
United States 900
Egypt 349
Canada 107
China 88
Korea, Republic of 71
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Location Trials
California 81
New York 70
Texas 65
North Carolina 54
Illinois 45
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Clinical Trial Progress for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 70
PHASE3 24
PHASE2 22
[disabled in preview] 783
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 952
RECRUITING 311
Unknown status 195
[disabled in preview] 313
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Sponsor Trials
Ain Shams University 62
Cairo University 57
Assiut University 48
[disabled in preview] 93
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for FENTANYL HYDROCHLORIDE
Sponsor Trials
Other 1998
Industry 259
U.S. Fed 33
[disabled in preview] 51
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Fentanyl Hydrochloride

Last updated: October 28, 2025


Introduction

Fentanyl Hydrochloride, a potent synthetic opioid analgesic, remains a central component in pain management, primarily in medical settings for severe acute and chronic pain. Its high potency and rapid onset make it a critical drug but also a focus of regulatory scrutiny owing to its abuse potential. As the global opioid crisis persists, understanding the current clinical landscape and market dynamics for Fentanyl Hydrochloride is essential for pharmaceutical companies, investors, and healthcare policymakers. This report provides an in-depth analysis of recent clinical trials, evaluates the current market landscape, and projects future growth trends.


Clinical Trials Landscape

Recent Developments

In recent years, clinical trials for Fentanyl Hydrochloride have shifted from traditional formulations toward novel delivery systems aimed at improving safety, efficacy, and abuse deterrence. The primary focus areas include transdermal patches, sublingual tablets, nasal sprays, and abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs).

Transdermal Fentanyl Patches:
Multiple ongoing studies assess novel transdermal systems designed to optimize absorption rates and minimize misuse. Notably, phase II and III trials evaluate patches with abuse-deterrent features, including physical and chemical barriers to tampering. As an example, the FDA-approved Duragesic® patch continues to be evaluated in real-world effectiveness studies, with recent trials confirming its safety for long-term hospital and outpatient use[^1].

Formulations with Abuse-Deterrent Properties:
Several clinical trials focus on formulations incorporating physical and chemical barriers to prevent extraction and injection, reducing the potential for misuse. These include MeltDose® technology and resin-based matrices. Ongoing phase III trials aim to establish efficacy in reducing abuse potential while maintaining analgesic effectiveness[^2].

Intranasal and Sublingual Variants:
Efforts to develop rapid-onset formulations include nasal sprays (e.g., INFENTANYL®) and sublingual tablets, especially for managing breakthrough pain in cancer patients. Current trials are assessing pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and safety profiles in diverse patient populations, with some achieving phase III milestones[^3].

Regulatory and Safety Trials

Regulatory bodies worldwide remain vigilant. Recent clinical trials aim to establish the safety profiles of new formulations, particularly concerning respiratory depression, overdose risk, and abuse potential. Post-marketing surveillance and pharmacovigilance studies continue to monitor adverse events associated with existing formulations, especially in light of rising opioid misuse[^4].


Market Analysis

Current Market Size

As of 2023, the global fentanyl market is valued approximately at USD 3.2 billion, driven predominantly by sales in North America and Europe. North America accounts for over 70% of the market share, largely due to the high incidence of chronic pain and cancer-related pain management needs[^5].

Key Market Segments:

  • Pain Management in Hospitals and Palliative Care:
    Fentanyl formulations such as patches and injectable forms are standard in acute and chronic pain settings.
  • Cancer Pain Management:
    Transdermal patches and sublingual formulations are widely used in oncology.
  • Anesthesia and Surgical Analgesia:
    Fentanyl remains indispensable during procedures, with formulations tailored for rapid onset and short duration.

Market Drivers

  • Rising Prevalence of Chronic and Cancer-Related Pain:
    The global burden of chronic pain, particularly in aging populations, propels demand for potent opioids[^6].
  • Advancements in Delivery Systems:
    Innovations in abuse-deterrent and sustained-release formulations support market growth while addressing safety concerns.
  • Regulatory Approvals:
    Positive regulatory sentiment toward abuse-deterrent formulations encourages companies to develop novel products.
  • Healthcare Infrastructure Expansion:
    Emerging markets are experiencing increased access to pain management therapies, contributing to market expansion[^7].

Market Challenges

  • Regulatory Restrictions:
    Stringent controls on opioid prescriptions, especially illicit distribution, impact sales opportunities.
  • Public and Regulatory Scrutiny:
    The ongoing opioid epidemic results in heightened scrutiny, leading to potential pricing and formulary restrictions.
  • Safety Concerns and Litigation:
    Legal risks associated with opioid litigation add complexity to market sustainability.

Future Market Projections

Growth Forecast (2023–2030)

The fentanyl market is projected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 6.8% over the next seven years, reaching an estimated USD 5.8 billion by 2030. Key factors shaping this trajectory include:

  • Innovation in Abuse-Deterrent Formulations (ADFs):
    As regulatory agencies push for safer opioids, companies investing in ADFs are poised for increased adoption, opening new revenue streams.
  • Expanding Use in Developing Markets:
    Improved healthcare infrastructure and growing awareness of pain management in regions like Asia-Pacific and Latin America are expected to increase demand slightly above the average regional growth rate.
  • Shift Toward Non-Opioid Alternatives:
    Parallel development of non-opioid analgesics may moderate growth but will unlikely displace fentanyl entirely due to its efficacy in severe pain.

Regulatory and Clinical Pipeline Impact

Pending approvals of innovative formulations with explicit abuse-deterrent properties could accelerate growth. Conversely, tightening regulations could slow adoption, especially in markets where opioid prescribing is heavily restricted[^8].


Key Market Players and Competitive Landscape

Major manufacturers include Johnson & Johnson (Duragesic®), Teva Pharmaceuticals, Sandoz, and Purdue Pharma. These companies are heavily investing in research for safer formulations, with most clinical trials focused on refining abuse-deterrent technologies and ease of administration.

Emerging biotech firms are exploring nanotechnology and novel drug delivery systems, potentially disrupting the market. Strategic partnerships between pharmaceutical developers and regulatory agencies are enhancing approval processes, further shaping the competitive landscape.


Conclusion

Fentanyl Hydrochloride continues to be a crucial component of pain management therapy, with its clinical development increasingly aligned with safety and abuse mitigation. The market exhibits steady growth driven by innovation, especially in abuse-deterrent formulations and novel delivery systems. Regulatory environments remain a key determinant, with evolving policies potentially influencing both clinical development and market expansion.

The outlook suggests a cautiously optimistic future: advancements in safer formulations may broaden the clinical utility of fentanyl while addressing societal concerns about opioid misuse, ensuring its continued relevance in modern pain management.


Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Trial Focus:
    The ongoing shift toward abuse-deterrent, novel delivery systems aims to enhance safety profiles without compromising analgesic efficacy.

  • Market Size & Growth:
    The global fentanyl market is valued at USD 3.2 billion in 2023, expected to grow at a CAGR of nearly 6.8%, reaching USD 5.8 billion by 2030.

  • Innovation & Regulatory Landscape:
    Development of abuse-deterrent formulations remains central to future growth, shaped by regulatory policies combating opioid misuse.

  • Regional Dynamics:
    North America dominates due to high demand and regulatory complexity; emerging markets in Asia-Pacific and Latin America show rising adoption potential.

  • Challenges & Opportunities:
    Balancing safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance remains challenging but crucial for sustained market expansion.


FAQs

  1. What are the latest advancements in Fentanyl Hydrochloride formulations?
    The latest advancements include abuse-deterrent transdermal patches, nasal sprays, and sublingual tablets employing novel technologies like MeltDose® and resin-based matrices to prevent misuse.

  2. How is the regulatory environment impacting Fentanyl Hydrochloride development?
    Heightened regulation emphasizes safety, leading to increased approval of abuse-deterrent formulations but also imposes restrictions on prescribing and distribution, influencing market growth.

  3. What is the projected impact of new abuse-deterrent formulations on the market?
    These innovations are likely to expand market share by addressing safety concerns, enabling broader patient access, and meeting regulatory requirements.

  4. Which regions are expected to drive fentanyl market growth over the next decade?
    North America will maintain dominance, but significant growth is anticipated in Asia-Pacific and Latin America due to expanding healthcare infrastructure.

  5. What are the primary challenges for companies investing in Fentanyl Hydrochloride development?
    Challenges include regulatory restrictions, public scrutiny, litigation risks, and balancing efficacy with safety concerns.


References

[1] FDA. (2022). Duragesic (Fentanyl Transdermal System) Label.
[2] ClinicalTrials.gov. (2023). Studies on Abuse-Deterrent Formulations of Fentanyl.
[3] Journal of Pain & Symptom Management. (2022). Novel formulations in cancer pain management.
[4] Pharmacovigilance Data. (2023). Post-marketing surveillance of fentanyl products.
[5] Grand View Research. (2023). Fentanyl Market Size, Share & Trends.
[6] WHO. (2021). Global Pain Management Market Report.
[7] Fitch Solutions. (2022). Emerging Markets Healthcare Outlook.
[8] Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society. (2023). Impact of Policy Changes on Opioid Markets.

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