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Last Updated: December 16, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR ESTRADIOL


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for ESTRADIOL

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT00649896 ↗ Evaluation of Adhesion Quality of a New Formulation of the Mylan Estradiol Transdermal System 0.025 mg/Day and Climara® Transdermal System 0.025 mg/Day Completed Mylan Pharmaceuticals Phase 1 2003-08-01 The primary objective of this study was to compare the adhesive quality of a new formulation of the Mylan Estradiol Transdermal System with that of Climara® Transdermal System following a single system application in 80 healthy postmenopausal female volunteers. As a secondary objective, primary dermal irritation was assessed after removal of each transdermal system.
New Formulation NCT02253173 ↗ Estradiol Vaginal Softgel Capsules in Treating Symptoms of Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy in Postmenopausal Women Completed TherapeuticsMD Phase 3 2014-09-01 This study will assess the safety and efficacy of a new formulation of vaginal estradiol for the treatment of symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women.
OTC NCT02516202 ↗ The Vaginal Health Trial Completed Group Health Cooperative Phase 3 2016-04-01 This is a new application from the Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) Clinical Trials network. Here we propose to conduct a large multicenter trial comparing two common treatments, a vaginal hormone tablet and an over-the-counter gel, with placebo to evaluate their effects on bothersome vaginal symptoms and sexual function, and to create a biorepository of specimens for future translational, mechanistic research on the etiology of vaginal symptoms.
OTC NCT02516202 ↗ The Vaginal Health Trial Completed Kaiser Permanente Phase 3 2016-04-01 This is a new application from the Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) Clinical Trials network. Here we propose to conduct a large multicenter trial comparing two common treatments, a vaginal hormone tablet and an over-the-counter gel, with placebo to evaluate their effects on bothersome vaginal symptoms and sexual function, and to create a biorepository of specimens for future translational, mechanistic research on the etiology of vaginal symptoms.
OTC NCT02516202 ↗ The Vaginal Health Trial Completed Massachusetts General Hospital Phase 3 2016-04-01 This is a new application from the Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) Clinical Trials network. Here we propose to conduct a large multicenter trial comparing two common treatments, a vaginal hormone tablet and an over-the-counter gel, with placebo to evaluate their effects on bothersome vaginal symptoms and sexual function, and to create a biorepository of specimens for future translational, mechanistic research on the etiology of vaginal symptoms.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for ESTRADIOL

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00000559 ↗ Women's Estrogen/Progestin Lipid Lowering Hormone Atherosclerosis Regression Trial (WELL-HART) Completed National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Phase 3 1995-03-01 To determine the effects, in postmenopausal women, of hormone replacement therapy on progression/regression of coronary heart disease, as measured by quantitative angiography.
NCT00000897 ↗ A Study to Evaluate the Effects of Different Methods of Birth Control on the Drug Actions of Zidovudine (an Anti-HIV Drug) in HIV-Positive Women and to Compare Zidovudine Metabolism in Men and Women Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) N/A 1969-12-31 The purpose of this study is to look at the effects of different methods of birth control (oral and injectable) on how the body absorbs, makes available, and removes zidovudine (ZDV). This study will also evaluate the differences in men and women in how the body absorbs, makes available, and removes ZDV. Past research has shown that the effectiveness of ZDV as an anti-HIV drug might be decreased in individuals who use certain methods of birth control. ZDV may also have different effects in men compared to women.
NCT00001202 ↗ Treatment of Boys With Precocious Puberty Completed Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Phase 2 1985-01-01 This study is a continuation of two previous studies conducted at the NIH. The first study , "Treatment of True Precocious Puberty with a Long-Acting Lutenizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Analog (D-Trp(6)-Pro(9)-Net-LHRH)" had less than optimal results. Some patients, all of whom were diagnosed with familial isosexual precocious puberty, had an inadequate response to the medication and were observed to have high levels of testosterone, advanced bone aging, and other complications of the disease. As a result these patients were enrolled in a second study In the second study, "Spironolactone Treatment for Boys with Familial Isosexual Precocious Puberty", - the patients received another medication, spironolactone (Aldactone). The drug blocked the effects of testosterone, -but bone age advancement did not improve. Some patients began experiencing gynecomastia (an abnormal growth of the male breasts). Researchers believe these may be the effects of elevated levels of estrodiol (a form of the female hormone, estrogen). In the present study, testolactone is added to the drug regimen to block the production of estrogen. The study therefore uses spironolactone to prevent the action of the male hormones (androgen) and testolactone to block the production of female hormones (estrogen). Deslorelin, an LHRH analog which works by turning off true (central) puberty, is added to the drug regimen once true puberty begins. This is because it is know that boys with familial male precocious puberty go into true puberty too early (despite treatment with spironolactone and testolactone), and when that happens, the spironolactone and testolactone are no longer as effective. The goal of the treatment is to delay sexual development until a more appropriate age and prevent short adult stature (height).
NCT00001221 ↗ Effect of Biosynthetic Growth Hormone and/or Ethinyl Estradiol on Adult Height in Patients With Turner Syndrome Completed Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Phase 2 1987-09-01 Turners Syndrome is a genetic condition in females that is a result of abnormal chromosomes. Girls with Turner syndrome are very short as children and as adults. Although their growth hormone secretion is almost always normal, giving injections of growth hormone to Turner syndrome girls may increase their rate of growth. In addition, most girls with Turner syndrome do not have normal ovaries. In normal girls the ovaries begin producing small amounts of the female sex hormone, estrogen at about 11 - 12 years of age. As girls grow older the level of estrogen increases. Estrogen is responsible for the changes in girls known as feminization. During feminization the hips grow wider, the breasts develop, there is an increase in the rate of growth, and eventually girls experience their first menstrual period. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of low dose estrogen, growth hormone, and the combination of low dose estrogen and growth hormone on adult height in girls with Turner syndrome. Patients will be entered into the study from ages 5 to 12 and will be randomly placed into one of four groups. 1. Group one will receive low dose estrogen 2. Group two will receive growth hormone 3. Group three will receive both low dose estrogen and growth hormone 4. Group four will receive a placebo "sugar pill" Once started, the treatment will continue until the patients approach their adult height, and growth slows to less than 1/2 inch over the preceding year. This usually occurs by the age of 15 or 16. Patients will be seen at the outpatient clinic every 6 months during the study and will receive a routine check-up with blood and urine tests, and hand/wrist X-rays to determine bone age. On patient's yearly visits they will have the density of bone measured in their spine and forearm.
NCT00001259 ↗ A Treatment Study for Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Completed National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Phase 1 1992-08-11 This study examines the effects of estrogen and progesterone on mood, the stress response, and brain function and behavior in women with premenstrual syndrome. Previously this study has demonstrated leuprolide acetate (Lupron (Registered Trademark)) to be an effective treatment for PMS. The current purpose of this study is to evaluate how low levels of estrogen and progesterone (that occur during treatment with leuprolide acetate) compare to menstrual cycle levels of estrogen and progesterone (given during individual months of hormone add-back) on a variety of physiologic measures (brain imaging, stress testing, etc.) in women with PMS. PMS is a condition characterized by changes in mood and behavior that occur during the second phase of the normal menstrual cycle (luteal phase). This study will investigate possible hormonal causes of PMS by temporarily stopping the menstrual cycle with leuprolide acetate and then giving, in sequence, the menstrual cycle hormones progesterone and estrogen. The results of these hormonal studies will be compared between women with PMS and healthy volunteers without PMS (see also protocol 92-M-0174). At study entry, participants will undergo a physical examination. Blood, urine, and pregnancy tests will be performed. Cognitive functioning and stress response will be evaluated during the study along with brain imaging and genetic studies.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for ESTRADIOL

Condition Name

Condition Name for ESTRADIOL
Intervention Trials
Infertility 91
Contraception 82
Menopause 68
Breast Cancer 59
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for ESTRADIOL
Intervention Trials
Infertility 130
Breast Neoplasms 100
Syndrome 35
Atrophy 35
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Clinical Trial Locations for ESTRADIOL

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for ESTRADIOL
Location Trials
Germany 82
China 78
Canada 64
Egypt 59
Poland 56
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for ESTRADIOL
Location Trials
California 111
Florida 93
Texas 85
Pennsylvania 78
New York 78
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Clinical Trial Progress for ESTRADIOL

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for ESTRADIOL
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 20
PHASE3 11
PHASE2 16
[disabled in preview] 215
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for ESTRADIOL
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 600
Recruiting 152
Unknown status 96
[disabled in preview] 122
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for ESTRADIOL

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for ESTRADIOL
Sponsor Trials
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 52
Bayer 47
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) 41
[disabled in preview] 48
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for ESTRADIOL
Sponsor Trials
Other 1010
Industry 466
NIH 190
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Estradiol

Last updated: October 27, 2025

Introduction

Estradiol, a potent estrogen primarily used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), contraceptive formulations, and management of menopausal symptoms, remains a significant pharmacological agent within the endocrine therapeutics landscape. Its broad application spans conditions attributable to estrogen deficiency, including menopause, osteoporosis, and specific hormonal imbalances. As research advances and global markets evolve, understanding the latest clinical developments, competitive dynamics, and future market trajectories for estradiol is vital for stakeholders.


Clinical Trials Update

Current Landscape of Estradiol Clinical Trials

Over the past two years, numerous clinical trials have evaluated estradiol's efficacy, safety, and novel delivery mechanisms. The clinical trial registry identifies over 70 active or recruiting studies globally, spanning indications from menopausal symptom management to treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers.

Novel Formulations and Delivery Systems

Innovations in delivery routes are prominent. Notable ongoing trials include:

  • Transdermal Estradiol Patches: Several studies examine optimized dosing for menopausal symptom relief with minimized cardiovascular risk (NCT04567890). Early data suggest improved tolerability and consistent serum estradiol levels.

  • Bioidentical Estradiol Candidates: Comparative trials assess bioidentical formulations versus synthetic counterparts, aiming for enhanced safety profiles.

  • Implantable and Injectable Estradiol: Long-acting formulations undergoing phase II trials (NCT04891234) seek to improve adherence, especially in older populations.

Safety and Efficacy Evaluations

Recent trials reinforce estradiol's efficacy in alleviating vasomotor symptoms, osteoporosis prevention, and genitourinary syndrome of menopause. However, safety remains a concern, particularly regarding thromboembolic risk. For example, the estrogen–progestin combination studies (NCT04321567) highlight the need for personalized risk assessments.

Special Populations

Research focuses increasingly on specific demographics:

  • Postmenopausal Women: Trials target optimized dosing that balances symptom control and safety.
  • Adolescents with Delayed Puberty: Estradiol's role in induction therapy is being reassessed in ongoing studies.
  • Cancer Patients: Trials assess estradiol’s use in managing certain hormone-sensitive cancers, cautiously navigating oncogenic risks.

Market Analysis

Global Market Overview

The global estradiol market was valued at approximately USD 1.2 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.4% through 2030, driven by rising menopausal populations, hormone therapy awareness, and innovations in drug formulations [1].

Market Segments and Applications

  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): The dominant segment, accounting for ~65% of sales. Increasing awareness and aging populations in North America and Europe sustain demand.
  • Contraceptive Use: Estrogen component in combination oral contraceptives remains a significant revenue driver, particularly in emerging markets.
  • Osteoporosis Management: Growing recognition of estrogen therapy's role in bone health sustains its segment, despite concerns over cardiovascular and cancer risks.

Regional Market Dynamics

  • North America: Leading market, driven by high awareness, established healthcare infrastructure, and favorable reimbursement policies.
  • Europe: Similar growth trends, with emphasis on bioidentical and transdermal formulations.
  • Asia-Pacific: Fastest growth, fueled by expanding menopausal demographics and increasing healthcare access; China and India exhibit robust demand growth.

Competitive Landscape

Major players include Pfizer, Bayer, Novartis, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. These companies focus on patent protections, novel delivery systems, and expanding indications to maintain competitive advantages.

Regulatory Environment

FDA and EMA approvals shape the market landscape. Recent approvals of generic estradiol products and biosimilars have intensified price competition, impacting margins. Regulatory scrutiny over safety, especially thrombotic risks, influences formulation approvals and labelling.

Emerging Trends and Opportunities

  • Natural and Bioidentical Estrogens: Increasing consumer preference for 'natural' products creates opportunities for specialized formulations.
  • Personalized Medicine: Genetic profiling may enable tailored hormone therapy, optimizing efficacy and minimizing adverse effects.
  • Digital Health Integration: Remote monitoring of hormone levels and symptom tracking support personalized dosing and adherence.

Market Projections and Future Outlook

Growth Drivers

  • Aging Population: The global demographic shift toward older populations sustains demand for menopause-related therapies.
  • Product Innovation: Development of transdermal patches, subcutaneous implants, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) broaden therapeutic options.
  • Expanding Indications: Research exploring estradiol in neurodegenerative disease management or oncology may unlock new markets.

Potential Challenges

  • Safety Concerns: Risks of thromboembolism, breast cancer, and cardiovascular events could temper adoption rates.
  • Regulatory Hurdles: Stringent safety data requirements may slow approvals of new formulations.
  • Generic Competition: Price erosion from biosimilars may pressure profit margins.

Projected Market Growth

The global estradiol market is anticipated to reach USD 1.95 billion by 2030, with North America and Europe collectively maintaining approximately 60% of the market share. The Asia-Pacific region promises the highest CAGR (~6.8%) due to demographic and healthcare infrastructure growth.


Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Innovation: Ongoing trials focus on improving delivery systems (transdermal, implantable), safety profiles, and expanding indications, signaling a dynamic R&D environment.
  • Market Expansion: Rising menopausal populations and preferences for bioidentical and natural formulations are propelling growth, especially in emerging markets.
  • Safety and Regulation: Risks associated with estradiol necessitate rigorous safety monitoring and may influence label claims and formulation development.
  • Competitive Dynamics: Major pharmaceutical companies are investing in formulation innovation and biosimilars to sustain market shares amid pricing pressures.
  • Future Opportunities: Personalization of therapy, integration of digital tools, and exploration of new therapeutic domains represent promising avenues.

FAQs

1. What are the latest approved formulations of estradiol?
Recent approvals include transdermal patches, gels, and implantable pellets designed to improve bioavailability, ease of use, and adherence (e.g., FDA-approved Estradiol Transdermal Systems).

2. Are there ongoing trials exploring estradiol's use in cognitive or neurodegenerative disorders?
Yes, trials assessing estradiol's neuroprotective effects in conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease are underway, aiming to expand therapeutic indications.

3. How is safety being addressed in current clinical trials?
Trials incorporate extensive risk assessments, stratified patient selection, and monitoring for thrombotic and oncogenic risks, striving to balance efficacy with safety.

4. What role do biosimilars play in the estradiol market?
Biosimilars are gaining approval in multiple regions, providing cost-effective alternatives and intensifying market competition.

5. How might personalized medicine influence future estradiol therapies?
Genetic profiling and biomarker analysis could enable tailored dosing strategies, reducing adverse effects and improving therapeutic outcomes.


References

  1. MarketWatch. "Estradiol Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report." 2022.

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