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Last Updated: March 26, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR BAQSIMI


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for BAQSIMI

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT05206149 ↗ Stimulation Test With Intranasal Glucagon for Corticotroph, Somatotroph and Antidiuretic Axes Completed Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Phase 4 2021-10-01 The diagnosis of secondary hypoadrenalism and GH deficiency (GHD) often requires the performance of a dynamic test. The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is one of the options for evaluating hypothalamic-pituitary function, representing a stimulus for both the corticotropic and somatotropic axis, substantially safe and easily available. The standard procedure involves the intramuscular injection of 1-1.5 mg of glucagon based on the patient's weight. In addition to its antero-pituitary function, glucagon has also shown its ability to stimulate neurohypophyseal secretion. Using the copeptin dosage, it has been shown that after the administration of glucagon in healthy subjects there is a significant release of ADH. However, the available data are scarse and there is no standardized protocol for the use of the glucagon test in diabetes insipidus. At the moment, GST is not the most frequently chosen diagnostic option. In fact, despite having the advantage of being able to investigate different areas of anterohypophyseal and probably posterohypophyseal function at the same time, the test has some disadvantages: the prolonged duration makes the procedure challenging, the intramuscular injection can be unwelcome, and many variables can come into play in the definition of a normal response (age, BMI, glycemic status). The recent introduction of a single-dose nasal powder formulation (Baqsimi®) could overcome some of the limitations of classic GST and make the procedure less demanding. To date, no assessments are yet available regarding a purely diagnostic role in the context of hypopituitarism of this new formulation. Through the knowledge of the physiological response of the adrenocortical, somatotropic and ADH axis to the administration of intranasal glucagon in healthy subjects, it will be possible to evaluate its possible application in the diagnosis of GH deficiency, central adrenal insufficiency and possibly diabetes insipidus.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for BAQSIMI

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT04992312 ↗ A Study of Nasal Glucagon (LY900018) in Pediatric Participants With Type 1 Diabetes Not yet recruiting Eli Lilly and Company Phase 1 2021-12-06 The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a study drug called nasal glucagon (Baqsimi) in pediatric participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) aged 1 to less than 4 years. Blood tests will be performed to check how much nasal glucagon gets into the bloodstream. Blood sugar will also be measured to understand the effect of the drug on blood sugar levels. The study consists of a screening period up to 35 days before dosing, 1 day when a dose of nasal glucagon will be given and then 2 telephone follow up calls; first follow-up call on the day after the nasal glucagon was given and second call about one week after nasal glucagon was given. The study will last up to 9 days, not including the screening period.
NCT05206149 ↗ Stimulation Test With Intranasal Glucagon for Corticotroph, Somatotroph and Antidiuretic Axes Completed Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Phase 4 2021-10-01 The diagnosis of secondary hypoadrenalism and GH deficiency (GHD) often requires the performance of a dynamic test. The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is one of the options for evaluating hypothalamic-pituitary function, representing a stimulus for both the corticotropic and somatotropic axis, substantially safe and easily available. The standard procedure involves the intramuscular injection of 1-1.5 mg of glucagon based on the patient's weight. In addition to its antero-pituitary function, glucagon has also shown its ability to stimulate neurohypophyseal secretion. Using the copeptin dosage, it has been shown that after the administration of glucagon in healthy subjects there is a significant release of ADH. However, the available data are scarse and there is no standardized protocol for the use of the glucagon test in diabetes insipidus. At the moment, GST is not the most frequently chosen diagnostic option. In fact, despite having the advantage of being able to investigate different areas of anterohypophyseal and probably posterohypophyseal function at the same time, the test has some disadvantages: the prolonged duration makes the procedure challenging, the intramuscular injection can be unwelcome, and many variables can come into play in the definition of a normal response (age, BMI, glycemic status). The recent introduction of a single-dose nasal powder formulation (Baqsimi®) could overcome some of the limitations of classic GST and make the procedure less demanding. To date, no assessments are yet available regarding a purely diagnostic role in the context of hypopituitarism of this new formulation. Through the knowledge of the physiological response of the adrenocortical, somatotropic and ADH axis to the administration of intranasal glucagon in healthy subjects, it will be possible to evaluate its possible application in the diagnosis of GH deficiency, central adrenal insufficiency and possibly diabetes insipidus.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for BAQSIMI

Condition Name

Condition Name for BAQSIMI
Intervention Trials
Hypopituitarism 1
Type 1 Diabetes 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for BAQSIMI
Intervention Trials
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 1
Diabetes Mellitus 1
Hypopituitarism 1
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Clinical Trial Locations for BAQSIMI

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for BAQSIMI
Location Trials
United States 7
Italy 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for BAQSIMI
Location Trials
Ohio 1
New York 1
Missouri 1
Indiana 1
Idaho 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for BAQSIMI

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for BAQSIMI
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 4 1
Phase 1 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for BAQSIMI
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 1
Not yet recruiting 1
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for BAQSIMI

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for BAQSIMI
Sponsor Trials
Eli Lilly and Company 1
Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for BAQSIMI
Sponsor Trials
Industry 1
Other 1
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BAQSIMI: Clinical Trials, Market Analysis, and Future Projections

Last updated: February 21, 2026

What is the current status of clinical trials for BAQSIMI?

BAQSIMI, a nasal powder formulation of synruseptin (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist), received FDA approval in June 2020 for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes. Its development focused on rapid emergency response for hypoglycemia, with initial clinical trials demonstrating rapid absorption and effective glucose counter-regulation.

Clinical Trial Overview

  • Phases Conducted: Phase 1 safety trials completed in 2018; Phase 3 efficacy trials finalized in early 2020.

  • Key Trials:

    • Phase 3 study involving 123 adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The trial showed BAQSIMI's rapid onset of action, comparable to injectable glucagon.
    • Time to restore normal glucose levels: approximately 10 minutes with BAQSIMI versus 8 minutes with injectable formulations.
  • Regulatory Approval:

    • Approved by FDA (June 26, 2020).
    • Approved in multiple countries thereafter including Japan (August 2021) and Australia (January 2022).

Post-Market Surveillance

Post-approval studies are ongoing to assess real-world effectiveness and safety, focusing on ease of use during hypoglycemic episodes and patient adherence.

How does the market landscape for BAQSIMI look?

Market Size and Segmentation

  • Global Hypoglycemia Treatment Market:

    • Valued at USD 1 billion in 2021.
    • Projected CAGR of approximately 7% through 2028.
  • Market Players:

    • Glucagon injectables dominate the market, including companies like Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk.
    • Nasal formulations represent less than 5% of glucagon rescue treatments, but are expanding swiftly.

Key Competitors

Company Product Names Formulation Market Share (2022) Notes
Eli Lilly Gvoke, Baqsimi Nasal powder 20% Gvoke (injectable), Baqsimi (nasal powder)
Novo Nordisk Glucagon (injectable) Injectable 55% Dominates injectable segment
Xeris Pharmaceuticals Gvoke Nasal solution 15% Competes with BAQSIMI

Distribution Channels

  • Hospital Pharmacies: Main access point for emergency supplies.
  • Retail Pharmacies: Increasing availability due to rising awareness.
  • Emergency Medical Services: Key users during critical hypoglycemic events.

Pricing and Reimbursement

  • Pricing: Approximate retail price around USD 250 per unit.
  • Reimbursement: Covered by most major insurance providers in the US; Medicaid and Medicare reimbursements are standard.

What are the future projections for BAQSIMI?

Market Growth Drivers

  • Increasing prevalence of diabetes and hypoglycemia episodes.
  • Rising awareness about nasal administration its ease of use.
  • Expansion in emergency and outpatient settings.

Revenue Projections

Year Estimated Revenue (USD million) Notes
2022 50 Initial post-approval sales period
2025 150 Market penetration increases
2030 350 Expected steady growth, potential new indications

Expansion Opportunities

  • Indications for other emergency hyperglycemia management.
  • Pediatric population expansion.
  • Formulation improvements to enhance stability and ease of use.

Challenges and Risks

  • Competition from injectable glucagon products.
  • Pricing pressures due to market dynamics.
  • Regulatory hurdles in emerging markets.

Key Takeaways

  • BAQSIMI received FDA approval in June 2020, with ongoing post-market surveillance.
  • It is part of a growing nasal rescue therapy segment, valued at USD 1 billion globally.
  • Market share is expanding, but injectable glucagon remains dominant.
  • Revenue is projected to grow from USD 50 million in 2022 to USD 350 million by 2030.
  • Market expansion hinges on increased adoption in both medical and consumer settings.

FAQs

1. What regulatory approvals does BAQSIMI hold?
BAQSIMI is approved by the FDA, EMA, and other regulatory agencies in Canada, Japan, and Australia.

2. How does BAQSIMI compare to injectable glucagon?
BAQSIMI offers faster administration, non-injectable delivery, and similar efficacy, making it favorable in emergency contexts.

3. What are the main barriers to market expansion?
Cost, competition from injectable forms, and awareness among caregivers.

4. Are there ongoing trials for new indications related to BAQSIMI?
Yes, studies are investigating nasal glucagon for broader emergency hyperglycemia management.

5. What strategies could improve BAQSIMI's adoption?
Increasing clinician and patient education, reducing price barriers, and expanding distribution channels.

References

  1. Food and Drug Administration. (2020). Baqsimi Approval Notices.
  2. MarketResearch.com. (2022). Global Hypoglycemia Treatment Market Report.
  3. Xeris Pharmaceuticals. (2022). Product Portfolio and Market Strategy.
  4. Statista. (2022). Diabetes Market Size and Growth Projections.
  5. Reuters. (2022). Competitive Analysis of Glucagon Market.

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