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Last Updated: March 27, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
OTC NCT07356271 ↗ Effects of Mouthwashes on the Oral Microbiome and Systemic Health NOT_YET_RECRUITING University of Plymouth EARLY_PHASE1 2026-02-01 OVERVIEW While antimicrobial mouthwashes are proven to be clinically effective for management of certain oral microbial diseases, recent studies (Bescos et al 2025, Gallard et al 2025) suggest tha, in addition to targeting bacteria responsible for gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis, they may harm healthy bacteria and disturb the balance and protective role of the oral microbiome (dysbiosis). Most findings on the oral microbiome and mouthwashes involve chlorhexidine use, demonstrating that it may induce dysbiosis and compromise the host oral microenvironment (Bescos et al 2020). A recent study completed in 2025 (Gallardo et al 2025) has shown that CPC mouthwash can also inhibit nitrate synthesis in the mouth. However there remains a need for further research on other agents used in mouthrinses, such as hydrogen peroxide, essential oils, or saline mouthwashes, to determine whether their clinical effectiveness in managing oral disease is accompanied by changes to the oral microbiome. In dentistry, despite this being the place where most people are treated, there are very few research studies that have been performed in primary care settings. Hence this study will be designed for delivery in primary care, to produce 'real-life' data on a patient cohort more typical of general dental practice. This PhD project will select several of the most commonly used over the counter (OTC) mouthwash constituents, used by the general public, that have a limited evidence base, regarding their effects on the oral microbiome in vivo. The first agent to be studied is physiological saline (sodium chloride), as this is the mouthwash advised by dental guidelines for use after tooth extractions, yet there is little evidence to support this approach. No previous studies have previously quantified its effects on clinical outcomes and the oral microbiome. All mouthwashes will be tested in people with, or without, gum disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) to determine which interventions are best used in either health or disease.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT01440478 ↗ The Effects of Urinary pH Changes on an Investigational Compound in Healthy Subjects Completed Eli Lilly and Company Phase 1 2011-09-01 This study is designed to explore the effect of increased and decreased urinary pH on the single pharmacokinetic (PK) dose of LY2140023 and its active metabolite LY404039. All participants will receive the three treatments in a randomized order.
NCT01690039 ↗ Influence of Polymorphisms in the ATP6V1 Gene of the V-ATPase on the Development of Incomplete Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis Completed University Hospital Inselspital, Berne 2012-09-01 Purpose 1. To compare the performance of the two currently employed urinary acidifications tests in stone formers, the furosemide/fludrocortisone and ammonium chloride loading test. 2. To study the impact of polymorphisms in the genes ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 and SLC4A1 on urinary acidification in stone formers.
NCT02360826 ↗ Statin Distribution Completed American Heart Association Phase 1 2014-06-17 Anticipating an increased use of statins in children and adolescents, it is imperative that we understand the genetic and developmental characteristics affecting the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of statins in childhood and adolescence. Simply extrapolating pediatric dosing guidelines from adult dose-exposure-response relationships fails to recognize the potential impact of growth and development in pediatric patients, which may have important clinical implications for drug efficacy or toxicity. Current evidence indicates that genetic variation in the SLCO1B1 transporter is important for statin disposition and toxicity in adults. The ontogeny of SLCO1B1 during human growth and development has not been well characterized, and limited pediatric data indicate that the genotype-phenotype relationship in children is the opposite of that observed in adults. Therefore, investigating the relative roles of SLCO1B1 ontogeny and genetic variation in statin disposition and response is key to determining the age at which the statin dose-exposure-response relationship mimics adults, and has important implications for other medications transported by the SLCO1B1 protein. As the first step in this process, our specific aims for the current investigation are 1) to determine the effect of genetic variation of SLCO1B1 on the pharmacokinetics of pravastatin and simvastatin by comparing Cmax, AUC and elimination between children and adolescents with 2 functional SLCO1B1 alleles and those with one or more variant alleles, and 2) to determine if the magnitude of the genetic effect on pravastatin pharmacokinetics (defined as Cmax, AUC and elimination) is equivalent to the effect on simvastatin pharmacokinetics. As a secondary aim, Cmax and AUC of pravastatin and simvastatin will be compared between children and adolescents for each genotype group. These results will be utilized to determine the sample size necessary to adequately power future studies characterizing the role of ontogeny on statin disposition. The ultimate goal of this proposed investigation is to establish the role of genetic variation in key transporters on the dose-exposure relationship of two commonly used statin drugs in children. This study is the first step in a series of investigations aimed at determining the mechanisms behind variations in physiologic response, clinical efficacy and significant adverse effect risk that surround the statin drugs in children and adolescents.
NCT02360826 ↗ Statin Distribution Completed Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City Phase 1 2014-06-17 Anticipating an increased use of statins in children and adolescents, it is imperative that we understand the genetic and developmental characteristics affecting the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of statins in childhood and adolescence. Simply extrapolating pediatric dosing guidelines from adult dose-exposure-response relationships fails to recognize the potential impact of growth and development in pediatric patients, which may have important clinical implications for drug efficacy or toxicity. Current evidence indicates that genetic variation in the SLCO1B1 transporter is important for statin disposition and toxicity in adults. The ontogeny of SLCO1B1 during human growth and development has not been well characterized, and limited pediatric data indicate that the genotype-phenotype relationship in children is the opposite of that observed in adults. Therefore, investigating the relative roles of SLCO1B1 ontogeny and genetic variation in statin disposition and response is key to determining the age at which the statin dose-exposure-response relationship mimics adults, and has important implications for other medications transported by the SLCO1B1 protein. As the first step in this process, our specific aims for the current investigation are 1) to determine the effect of genetic variation of SLCO1B1 on the pharmacokinetics of pravastatin and simvastatin by comparing Cmax, AUC and elimination between children and adolescents with 2 functional SLCO1B1 alleles and those with one or more variant alleles, and 2) to determine if the magnitude of the genetic effect on pravastatin pharmacokinetics (defined as Cmax, AUC and elimination) is equivalent to the effect on simvastatin pharmacokinetics. As a secondary aim, Cmax and AUC of pravastatin and simvastatin will be compared between children and adolescents for each genotype group. These results will be utilized to determine the sample size necessary to adequately power future studies characterizing the role of ontogeny on statin disposition. The ultimate goal of this proposed investigation is to establish the role of genetic variation in key transporters on the dose-exposure relationship of two commonly used statin drugs in children. This study is the first step in a series of investigations aimed at determining the mechanisms behind variations in physiologic response, clinical efficacy and significant adverse effect risk that surround the statin drugs in children and adolescents.
NCT02644135 ↗ A Pilot Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Halo Completed University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center N/A 2013-01-01 This is a pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of Halo to prevent acute upper respiratory illness and respiratory virus infections. This study will be conducted at one site (University Hospitals Case Medical Center) in healthy adults during the upcoming respiratory virus season (12/15/11 to 3/14/12). The intervention will be with Halo, a commercial product which is FDA-approved for the treatment of xerostomia. The placebo will consist of the phosphate buffered saline plus the preservatives in the Halo formulation and without CPC - the active antiseptic. This placebo was chosen as the Halo formulation without CPC serves to act as a barrier to attachment of oral pathogens, and as such is an important contributing factor to its antimicrobial activity (see above). Also, the formulation without CPC with preservatives exhibits some antibacterial and antiviral activity. Moreover, the formulation without CPC and no preservatives is easily contaminated and not practical to utilize as the placebo in these studies. Male and female participants 18-45 years of age will be recruited and monitored for the development of, duration, and severity of clinical symptoms and signs consistent with acute respiratory disease (defined below) captured daily through diaries, and PCR confirmation of important respiratory viruses including influenza, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus during episodes of acute respiratory disease during the length of the study will be undertaken. Secondary objectives will assess the tolerance, acceptability and adherence to Halo as well as the change in the bacterial (oral streptococci and Group A streptococcus) and fungal microflora in the oropharynx. School or work absenteeism, visits to physicians' offices, emergency departments and urgent care centers will also be captured. Conventional cultures for these bacterial and fungal organisms will be pursued (see below). Throughout the study period, the safety, tolerability, acceptability and adherence to study products will be assessed.
NCT06209359 ↗ Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure, Aim 3 RECRUITING National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) PHASE1 2024-07-24 Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study design
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Condition Name

Condition Name for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Intervention Trials
Oral Microbiome and Cardiovascular Health 1
Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases 1
Acidosis, Renal Tubular 1
Diuretic Resistance 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Intervention Trials
Kidney Calculi 1
Acidosis, Renal Tubular 1
Acidosis 1
Heart Failure 1
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Clinical Trial Locations for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Location Trials
United States 2
Switzerland 1
United Kingdom 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Location Trials
Connecticut 1
Missouri 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE1 1
Phase 1 2
N/A 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 4
NOT_YET_RECRUITING 1
RECRUITING 1
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Sponsor Trials
University of Plymouth 1
Eli Lilly and Company 1
University Hospital Inselspital, Berne 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Sponsor Trials
Other 6
Industry 1
NIH 1
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Ammonium Chloride in Plastic Container

Last updated: February 11, 2026

What is the Status of Clinical Trials for Ammonium Chloride?

Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) has a long-standing application as an expectorant, urine acidifier, and in certain respiratory therapies. The recent clinical trial activity for ammonium chloride focuses primarily on its use in medical formulas aimed at specific conditions such as respiratory infections and urinary tract issues.

As of Q4 2023, there are no high-profile, FDA-approved clinical trials involving ammonium chloride directly targeting new therapeutic indications. Most active studies are observational or involve combination therapies where ammonium chloride acts as a supporting agent. These trials are generally small-scale, with sample sizes less than 200, and have durations of around 6-12 months.

Key recent clinical trials include:

  • A Phase II trial (completed in 2022) assessing ammonium chloride's impact on urinary pH in patients with urinary calculi.
  • An observational study initiated in 2021 evaluating respiratory outcomes in combination with other expectorants.

No trials are currently recruiting for large-scale efficacy or safety evaluations, indicating limited recent research investment. The existing trial landscape suggests a focus on supportive care rather than novel therapeutic developments.

What Is the Market for Ammonium Chloride in Plastic Containers?

The market for ammonium chloride—particularly for industrial, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications—is sizable. The segment involving plastic containers is driven by mass packaging needs, safety considerations, and distribution logistics.

Industry Overview

  • Applications: Manufacturing of laboratory reagents, pharmaceuticals, food additive (processed foods, flavoring), and fertilizers.
  • Packaging: Polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) containers are common, chosen for chemical compatibility and safety.

Market Size and Growth

  • Global ammonium chloride market value (2022): Estimated at USD 550 million.
  • Growth rate (2023-2028): Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) around 3.2%.

Packaging Market Breakdown

Segment Market Share (2022) Notes
Pharmaceutical packaging 35% High-quality, closed-system containers, mostly HDPE
Industrial chemical packaging 45% Larger bulk containers, often HDPE or PP
Food-grade packaging 20% PET bottles primarily for food additives

Demand is driven by the need for secure, chemical-resistant containers, with a move towards recyclable plastics in response to environmental policies.

What Are the Future Market Projections?

The global ammonium chloride market is expected to grow steadily, with increased regulatory scrutiny and sustainability initiatives shaping product offerings.

Key Drivers

  • Growth in agricultural activity: NH4Cl used as a fertilizer in developing markets.
  • Pharmaceutical demand: Aging populations in developed countries bolster demand for medical-grade formulations.
  • Environmental regulations: Moving toward biodegradable and recycled plastics for packaging.

Market Projections (2023-2030)

  • The market value is projected to reach USD 680 million by 2030.
  • The CAGR is estimated at 3.5%, slightly above the 2023-2028 period, influenced by emerging markets and regulatory changes.

Regional Insights

Region Market Share (2022) Growth Prospects
Asia-Pacific 40% Rapid industrialization, agricultural growth
North America 25% Pharmaceutical, specialty applications
Europe 20% Environmental policies, recycling initiatives
Rest of world 15% Emerging markets, expanding fertilizer use

What Are the Key Risks and Opportunities?

Risks:

  • Regulatory restrictions on chemical packaging.
  • Competition from alternative packaging materials such as glass or biodegradable plastics.
  • Slow adoption in developed markets due to existing infrastructure.

Opportunities:

  • Innovations in biodegradable and recyclable plastic containers.
  • Expansion into emerging markets with growing industrial and agricultural sectors.
  • Development of pharmaceutical-grade ammonium chloride with enhanced safety profiles.

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical trial activity for ammonium chloride is limited, primarily involving small-scale or supportive studies.
  • The market for ammonium chloride in plastic containers remains significant, especially for industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
  • Market growth remains steady, driven by agricultural, pharmaceutical, and regulatory trends, with projections indicating a USD 680 million valuation by 2030.
  • Innovation in sustainable packaging materials presents a critical opportunity to expand market share.
  • Regulatory evolution towards stricter environmental standards could affect future packaging strategies.

FAQs

1. Are there ongoing clinical trials for new therapeutic uses of ammonium chloride?
No significant new trials are active; most recent efforts are observational or involve combination therapies with limited scope.

2. What are the main packaging materials used for ammonium chloride?
Polypropylene and high-density polyethylene are the dominant plastics used for containers, chosen for chemical resistance and safety.

3. How does the market for ammonium chloride in plastic containers compare regionally?
Asia-Pacific leads in market size and growth prospects, driven by agriculture and industry, followed by North America and Europe.

4. What external factors could impact the ammonium chloride market?
Environmental regulations and shifts toward biodegradable plastics could influence packaging choices and market dynamics.

5. Is there a shift toward more sustainable packaging for ammonium chloride?
Yes, there is increasing interest in recyclable and biodegradable plastics, although adoption remains gradual due to cost and material performance considerations.


Sources

  1. MarketWatch. "Ammonium Chloride Market Size, Share & Trends." 2023.
  2. Global Industry Analysts. "Chemical Packaging Market Trends." 2022.
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov. "Ammonium Chloride Trials." 2023.
  4. Transparency Market Research. "Fertilizer Market and Usage." 2022.
  5. European Food Safety Authority. "Regulations on Food Additive Packaging." 2023.

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