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Bulk Pharmaceutical API Sources for lorlatinib
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Bulk Pharmaceutical API Sources for lorlatinib
| Vendor | Vendor Homepage | Vendor Sku | API Url |
|---|---|---|---|
| MolPort | ⤷ Start Trial | MolPort-035-789-724 | ⤷ Start Trial |
| AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI) | ⤷ Start Trial | 2641AH | ⤷ Start Trial |
| MedChemexpress MCE | ⤷ Start Trial | HY-12215 | ⤷ Start Trial |
| ZINC | ⤷ Start Trial | ZINC98208524 | ⤷ Start Trial |
| Boerchem | ⤷ Start Trial | BC600707 | ⤷ Start Trial |
| Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC | ⤷ Start Trial | K16.674.185 | ⤷ Start Trial |
| >Vendor | >Vendor Homepage | >Vendor Sku | >API Url |
LORLATINIB BULK ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT (API) SOURCES
LORLATINIB API MANUFACTURING LANDSCAPE
The manufacturing of bulk Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) for lorlatinib is primarily concentrated among specialized chemical synthesis companies with expertise in complex organic molecules and stringent quality control protocols. These manufacturers operate under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and often serve a global market, supplying the API to pharmaceutical companies for formulation into finished dosage forms. Key considerations for sourcing lorlatinib API include purity, yield, cost of goods, regulatory compliance, and supply chain reliability.
KEY LORLATINIB API MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS
Several entities are involved in the production and supply of lorlatinib API. These companies possess the technical capabilities and regulatory certifications necessary for pharmaceutical API manufacturing.
- Certis Belchim B.V.: A significant player in the API market, Certis Belchim has demonstrated capabilities in complex synthesis.
- Various Contract Manufacturing Organizations (CMOs): A number of CMOs, often operating in China and India, are equipped to produce lorlatinib API. These may include companies such as WuXi AppTec and various other specialized chemical manufacturers. Specific product listings and supplier capabilities can be found through specialized chemical sourcing platforms and regulatory databases.
- Potential Innovator-Controlled Manufacturing: While much of the bulk API production is outsourced, the innovator company may also maintain internal manufacturing capabilities or have exclusive contracts with specific suppliers.
LORLATINIB API SPECIFICATIONS AND QUALITY CONTROL
The quality of lorlatinib API is critical for the safety and efficacy of the final drug product. Manufacturers adhere to strict specifications defined by regulatory bodies.
- Purity: Lorlatinib API typically requires a purity of 98.0% or higher, as determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Impurity profiles are closely monitored, with specific limits for known and unknown impurities.
- Residual Solvents: Limits for residual solvents are set according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines (e.g., ICH Q3C). Solvents used in the synthesis and purification process must be controlled to acceptable levels.
- Heavy Metals: API must comply with limits for heavy metal contamination as defined by pharmacopeial standards (e.g., United States Pharmacopeia - USP, European Pharmacopoeia - EP).
- Chiral Purity: Lorlatinib has chiral centers, and maintaining the correct stereochemistry is essential. Manufacturers must ensure high enantiomeric or diastereomeric purity.
- Particle Size Distribution: For solid dosage forms, particle size distribution of the API can significantly impact dissolution rates and bioavailability. This parameter is often controlled and specified.
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE FOR LORLATINIB API
Manufacturers supplying lorlatinib API to regulated markets must meet stringent regulatory requirements.
- Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP): Facilities must be GMP-certified by relevant health authorities such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Regular inspections and audits confirm compliance.
- Drug Master Files (DMFs): API manufacturers typically file DMFs with regulatory agencies. A DMF contains confidential, detailed information about facilities, processes, or articles used in the manufacturing, processing, packaging, and storing of human drugs. This allows drug product manufacturers to reference the DMF in their applications without having direct access to the proprietary information.
- ICH Guidelines: Compliance with ICH guidelines is essential for global regulatory acceptance. These include guidelines on quality (Q series), safety (S series), efficacy (E series), and multidisciplinary (M series) topics.
LORLATINIB API SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTION CHALLENGES
The synthesis of lorlatinib is a multi-step process involving complex organic chemistry, presenting several production challenges.
- Complexity of Molecular Structure: Lorlatinib is a complex molecule with multiple functional groups and stereocenters. Its synthesis requires precise control over reaction conditions and reagents to achieve high yields and purity.
- Scale-Up: Translating laboratory-scale synthesis to commercial-scale production can be challenging. Optimization of reaction parameters, solvent selection, and purification methods is crucial for cost-effective and efficient large-scale manufacturing.
- Impurity Control: Identifying, controlling, and removing process-related impurities and degradation products is a significant challenge. Robust analytical methods are required for monitoring and control.
- Cost of Goods: The cost of raw materials, specialized reagents, and the complexity of the synthesis contribute to the overall cost of lorlatinib API. Manufacturers continuously seek process improvements to reduce manufacturing costs.
GLOBAL API SUPPLY CHAIN DYNAMICS
The global supply chain for lorlatinib API is influenced by several factors.
- Geographic Concentration: A significant portion of global API manufacturing, including complex intermediates and final APIs, is concentrated in Asia, particularly China and India, due to cost advantages and established chemical manufacturing infrastructure.
- Supply Chain Disruptions: Geopolitical events, trade policies, and unforeseen global health crises can impact the availability and lead times of API. Diversification of supply sources is a common strategy to mitigate these risks.
- Intellectual Property: The patent status of lorlatinib and its manufacturing processes influences the market. As patents expire, opportunities for generic API manufacturers may increase. The primary patent for lorlatinib (US Patent No. 8,748,442) is currently held by Pfizer.
PRICING AND AVAILABILITY OF LORLATINIB API
Pricing and availability are subject to market demand, manufacturing capacity, and contractual agreements between API suppliers and pharmaceutical companies.
- Market Demand: Demand for lorlatinib API is directly linked to the prescription volumes of the finished drug product, Lorbrena (lorlatinib), used in the treatment of certain types of non-small cell lung cancer.
- Contractual Agreements: Pharmaceutical companies often secure API supply through long-term contracts with preferred manufacturers, which can influence pricing and ensure dedicated capacity.
- Open Market: While some API may be available through chemical distributors or for research purposes, bulk commercial supply for approved drug products is typically managed through direct supplier relationships.
- Estimated Pricing: Exact bulk API pricing is proprietary and varies significantly based on order volume, purity specifications, and supplier. However, given the complexity of the synthesis, lorlatinib API is positioned as a high-value, high-cost API.
FUTURE TRENDS IN LORLATINIB API MANUFACTURING
The manufacturing landscape for lorlatinib API may evolve with technological advancements and market dynamics.
- Process Intensification: Development of more efficient synthetic routes, including continuous manufacturing processes and biocatalysis, could reduce production time, waste, and cost.
- Green Chemistry: Adoption of greener solvents and reagents, as well as improved waste management techniques, will be increasingly important for sustainable API production.
- Supply Chain Resilience: Companies are likely to focus on building more robust and diversified supply chains to mitigate risks associated with geopolitical instability and other disruptions.
- Generic Competition: Post-patent expiry, the entry of generic manufacturers could increase competition, potentially driving down API prices and increasing supply options.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
- Lorlatinib API manufacturing is a specialized sector requiring advanced chemical synthesis capabilities and strict GMP compliance.
- Key suppliers include specialized chemical synthesis firms and Contract Manufacturing Organizations (CMOs).
- API quality is defined by stringent specifications for purity, residual solvents, heavy metals, and stereochemistry.
- Regulatory adherence, including GMP certification and DMF filings, is mandatory for supplying to major pharmaceutical markets.
- The complex multi-step synthesis of lorlatinib presents challenges in scale-up, impurity control, and cost of goods.
- Global supply chains are often concentrated in Asia, with increasing focus on resilience and diversification.
- Pricing is proprietary, reflecting the complexity and high value of the API.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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What is the primary therapeutic use of lorlatinib? Lorlatinib is used to treat certain types of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that are positive for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) or ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene rearrangements.
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Which regulatory bodies oversee lorlatinib API manufacturing? Regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and other national health authorities oversee the manufacturing of lorlatinib API through GMP inspections and review of Drug Master Files (DMFs).
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How does the complexity of lorlatinib’s chemical structure impact API production? The complex structure necessitates multi-step synthesis pathways, precise reaction control, and rigorous purification techniques, contributing to higher manufacturing costs and potential challenges in achieving high yields and purity.
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What is the typical lead time for sourcing bulk lorlatinib API? Lead times for bulk lorlatinib API can vary significantly, typically ranging from several weeks to several months, depending on supplier inventory, manufacturing schedules, and order volume.
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Does the patent status of lorlatinib affect the availability of its API from multiple suppliers? Yes, the patent status directly influences market entry for API manufacturers. While the innovator holds primary patents, generic API manufacturers may enter the market upon patent expiry, potentially increasing supplier diversity and competition.
CITATIONS
[1] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Drug Master Files. Retrieved from [FDA website] [2] International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. (n.d.). ICH Guidelines. Retrieved from [ICH website] [3] Pfizer Inc. (2017). Lorbrena (lorlatinib) Prescribing Information. Retrieved from [FDA or Pfizer website] [4] United States Pharmacopeia. (n.d.). General Chapters. Retrieved from [USP website] [5] European Pharmacopoeia. (n.d.). General Monograph for substances for pharmaceutical use. Retrieved from [EDQM website]
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