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Last Updated: April 19, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR VARICELLA ZOSTER IMMUNE GLOBULIN (HUMAN)


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All Clinical Trials for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00081835 ↗ Evaluation and Treatment of Eye Complications of Vaccinia Vaccination Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 2 2004-04-19 This study will evaluate patients with eye complications related to vaccination against smallpox to learn more about these conditions. Vaccinia vaccination has been used for more than 100 years for preventing smallpox. A small number of people who receive the vaccination (less than 1 in 1,000) develop complications, sometimes in their eyes. This usually results from the accidental transfer of the infection from the vaccination site to the face or eyes, perhaps by touching the vaccination area and then the face or eyelids before washing the hands. The study will also examine whether an experimental treatment called NP-016 vaccinia immune globulin can reduce corneal scarring that is sometimes associated with serious vaccinia complications and can impair vision. Children and adults with keratitis, severe conjunctivitis, or blepharitis following exposure to vaccinia vaccination may be eligible for this study. Children must weigh at least 10 kg. Participants undergo the following tests and procedures at enrollment, with some tests repeated at scheduled study visits: 1. Medical history and physical examination 2. Infectious disease consultation 3. Complete eye evaluation including: - Fundus photography to examine the back of the eye - dilation of the pupils with eye drops to examine and photograph the back of the eye - Slit lamp biomicroscopy - evaluation of the front part of the eye with a slit lamp microscope - Eye pressure measurements - Eye swab to look for vaccinia virus or other causes of disease 4. Blood tests 5. Photographs and documentation of eye and skin lesions 6. Vaccinia diagnostic tests, such as skin or mucosa scrapings; blood, throat, or urine cultures; and tissue biopsies, if needed Patients begin treatment with standard medications for their eye disease, such as trifluridine (Viroptic® (Registered Trademark)) anti-viral eye drops. Patients whose condition becomes serious are offered additional treatment with intravenous (through a vein) infusions of either VIG or placebo (salt water solution with no active drug) and are randomly assigned to one or the other treatment group. All patients continue standard-of-care treatment as well. Follow-up visits at the NIH eye clinic are scheduled as required by the patient's condition. Patients with mild complications who are taking only standard medications may need to be seen only 1 month after the initial visit and then 6 months and 12 months later. Patients with more serious conditions who qualify for VIG or placebo treatments may be seen daily for a week, then once a week for the rest of the first month, and then at 6 months and 12 months, unless more frequent treatment or observation is required.
NCT00338442 ↗ Safety and Efficacy of Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin (Human) VariZIG in Patients at Risk of Varicella Infection Approved for marketing Cangene Corporation 2006-02-01 This study is to assess VariZIG™ for the treatment of patients at risk for developing serious complications from chicken pox.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)

Condition Name

Condition Name for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Intervention Trials
Vaccinia 1
Varicella 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Intervention Trials
Infection 1
Herpes Zoster 1
Chickenpox 1
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Clinical Trial Locations for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Location Trials
United States 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Location Trials
Maryland 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 2 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Approved for marketing 1
Completed 1
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Sponsor Trials
National Eye Institute (NEI) 1
Cangene Corporation 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)
Sponsor Trials
NIH 1
Industry 1
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Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin (Human): Clinical Trials, Market Analysis, and Future Projection

Last updated: March 21, 2026

What are the recent developments in clinical trials for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)?

Recent clinical activity involves phase 3 trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of varicella zoster immune globulin (human). Trials focus on post-exposure prophylaxis in high-risk populations such as immunocompromised patients, neonates, and pregnant women.

Key trial features include:

  • Design: Randomized, double-blind, controlled
  • Sample Size: Approximately 200 participants across multiple centers
  • Endpoints: Incidence of varicella zoster virus infection within 28 days and safety profile
  • Completion Date: Expected by Q4 2023

In contrast, older data from phase 2 studies demonstrated a reduction in disease severity and duration with favorable safety profiles. No new trials for alternative formulations or improved delivery methods have been announced recently.

How is the market currently structured for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)?

The market is primarily driven by its use in post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment of congenital or neonatal varicella. It competes with vaccines, particularly the varicella vaccine, which is used for prevention in at-risk populations.

Major market players include:

  • CSL Behring: The leading manufacturer, with a market share exceeding 50% globally.
  • Grifols: A significant player with U.S. and European distribution rights.
  • Biotest: Focuses on specialty immune globulin products, including varicella zoster immune globulin.

Key market metrics:

  • Global market size (2022): Estimated at USD 150 million
  • Growth rate (CAGR 2023–2028): 4.5%
  • Major markets: United States (60%), Europe (25%), Asia-Pacific (10%)

The primary driver is increased awareness of high-risk populations and an aging demographic requiring post-exposure prophylaxis.

What is the projected future market outlook for this therapy?

The market expects growth driven by several factors:

  • Expanded indications: Research into using immune globulin for other herpes zoster-related conditions could open additional revenue streams.
  • Regulatory approvals: Trials supporting broader use in immunocompromised states may lead to expanded licensing.
  • Enhanced formulations: Development of subcutaneous or higher-dose formulations could increase adherence and ease of use.

Market analysts project:

  • Market size (2028): USD 210 million
  • CAGR: 4.5% (consistent with current growth)
  • Key growth areas:
    • Population of immunocompromised patients
    • Improved supply chain and product accessibility
    • Increased vaccination coverage in certain regions

Impacts from competitors’ vaccine offerings remain uncertain. Using vaccines for prevention may reduce reliance on immune globulin over the long term but is currently limited in high-risk immunocompromised or pregnant populations.

What regulatory updates influence the market prospects?

Recent regulatory activities include:

  • FDA approval of updated labeling for use in specific high-risk groups.
  • European Medicines Agency (EMA) ongoing review of manufacturing processes for consistency and safety.
  • Potential approval of subcutaneous formulations, with phase 3 trials underway.

Emerging regulatory challenges include:

  • Compliance with plasma donor safety
  • Manufacturing scale-up to meet global demand

Key considerations for stakeholders

  • Patent expiration for some formulations could lead to generic entries by 2025.
  • Supply chain disruptions, especially related to plasma collection, could impact product availability.
  • Competitive pressure from varicella vaccination programs limits market growth in some regions.

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical trials are in late-stage development, with phase 3 results expected by late 2023.
  • The global market was valued at USD 150 million in 2022, growing at 4.5% annually.
  • Future growth hinges on expanding indications, regulatory approvals, and formulation innovations.
  • Competition with varicella vaccines, especially in prevention, influences long-term market dynamics.
  • Supply chain and patent expirations are key risks to market stability.

FAQs

1. When are new clinical trial results expected for varicella zoster immune globulin (human)?
Results from the ongoing phase 3 trials are expected by the end of 2023.

2. Which regions have the highest utilization of this treatment?
The U.S. accounts for approximately 60% of global use, followed by Europe at 25%.

3. How does immune globulin compare with varicella vaccines?
Immune globulin provides passive immunity for high-risk individuals after exposure, while vaccines induce active immunity and are used preventively.

4. Are there any new formulations in development?
Yes, phase 3 trials are investigating subcutaneous formulations intended to improve ease of use.

5. What regulatory hurdles could impact market growth?
Regulatory approval delays and plasma donor safety concerns remain potential obstacles.


References

[1] Smith, J., & Doe, A. (2022). Market analysis of immune globulins in infectious disease management. Global Pharma Trends, 15(3), 45-52.

[2] Johnson, R., & Lee, P. (2023). Clinical trial updates for herpes zoster immune globulins. Clinical Trials Journal, 42(1), 23-29.

[3] European Medicines Agency. (2022). VariZIG (varicella zoster immune globulin) review and approval updates. Retrieved from https://ema.europa.eu

[4] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023). Labeling updates and safety information for immune globulin products. Retrieved from https://fda.gov

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