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Last Updated: March 27, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR INSULIN GLARGINE


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Biosimilar Clinical Trials for insulin glargine

This table shows clinical trials for biosimilars. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT03819790 ↗ The Effect of Soliqua on Glucose Variability in Type 2 Patients Among South Asians Completed Sanofi Phase 4 2018-10-02 The overall objective of this study is to compare the effects of Soliqua, a titratable combination of insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonist in a single pen versus Glargine U100 insulin (Basaglar or Lantus) and gliclazide MR, both added to metformin, on measures of glucose variability using masked CGM data among people of South Asian origin living in Canada with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
NCT03819790 ↗ The Effect of Soliqua on Glucose Variability in Type 2 Patients Among South Asians Completed LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology Ltd. Phase 4 2018-10-02 The overall objective of this study is to compare the effects of Soliqua, a titratable combination of insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonist in a single pen versus Glargine U100 insulin (Basaglar or Lantus) and gliclazide MR, both added to metformin, on measures of glucose variability using masked CGM data among people of South Asian origin living in Canada with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
NCT04591457 ↗ The Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity Study Comparing an Insulin Glargine Biosimilar Sansulin Log-G to Lantus Not yet recruiting Indonesia University Phase 2 2020-10-01 This is an open-label randomised multicenter clinical study to investigate efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the drug products: Insulin Glargine biosimilar ® Log-G and its reference Lantus® in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for insulin glargine

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00046462 ↗ Determine Whether Glycemic Control is Different Between Lantus & a 3rd Oral Agent When Failure With Other Treatment Completed Sanofi Phase 3 2001-11-01 The purposes of the study is to determine whether blood sugar control is different between Lantus and a third oral anti-diabetic agent when added to patients who fail a thiazolidinedione and sulfonylurea or metformin combination.
NCT00064714 ↗ Effect of AC2993 With or Without Immunosuppression on Beta Cell Function in Patients With Type I Diabetes Completed National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Phase 2 2003-07-01 This study will determine 1) the safety of AC2993 in patients with type I diabetes; 2) the ability of AC2993 to improve beta cell function; and 3) the effects of immunosuppression on beta cell function. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells produce insulin, which regulates blood sugar. AC2993 may improve the pancreas's ability to produce insulin and help control blood sugar, but it may also activate the original immune response that caused the diabetes. Thus, this study will examine the effects of AC2993 alone as well as in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Patients between 18 and 60 years of age who have type I diabetes mellitus may be eligible for this 20-month study. They must have had diabetes for at least 5 years and require insulin treatment. Candidates will be screened with a questionnaire, followed by medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, a chest x-ray and skin test for tuberculosis, electrocardiogram (EKG), and arginine stimulated C-peptide test (see description below). Participants will undergo the following tests and procedures: Advanced screening phase: Participants undergo a diabetes education program, including instruction on frequent blood glucose monitoring, dietary education on counting carbohydrates, intensive insulin therapy, review of signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and potential treatment with glucagon shots. Patients must administer insulin via an insulin pump or take at least four injections per day including glargine (Lantus) insulin. 4-month run-in phase - Arginine-stimulated C-peptide test: This test measures the body's insulin production. The patient is injected with a liquid containing arginine, a normal constituent of food that increases insulin release from beta cells into the blood stream. After the injection, seven blood samples are collected over 10 minutes. - Mixed meal stimulated C-peptide test with acetaminophen: This test assesses the response of the beta cells to an ordinary meal and the time it takes for food to pass through the stomach. The patient drinks a food supplement and takes acetaminophen (Tylenol). Blood samples are then drawn through a catheter (plastic tube placed in a vein) every 30 minutes for 4 hours to measure levels of various hormones and the concentration of acetaminophen. - Euglycemic clamp: This test measures the body's level of insulin resistance by measuring the amount of glucose necessary to compensate for an increased insulin level while maintaining a prespecified blood glucose level.
NCT00064714 ↗ Effect of AC2993 With or Without Immunosuppression on Beta Cell Function in Patients With Type I Diabetes Completed AstraZeneca Phase 2 2003-07-01 This study will determine 1) the safety of AC2993 in patients with type I diabetes; 2) the ability of AC2993 to improve beta cell function; and 3) the effects of immunosuppression on beta cell function. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells produce insulin, which regulates blood sugar. AC2993 may improve the pancreas's ability to produce insulin and help control blood sugar, but it may also activate the original immune response that caused the diabetes. Thus, this study will examine the effects of AC2993 alone as well as in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Patients between 18 and 60 years of age who have type I diabetes mellitus may be eligible for this 20-month study. They must have had diabetes for at least 5 years and require insulin treatment. Candidates will be screened with a questionnaire, followed by medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, a chest x-ray and skin test for tuberculosis, electrocardiogram (EKG), and arginine stimulated C-peptide test (see description below). Participants will undergo the following tests and procedures: Advanced screening phase: Participants undergo a diabetes education program, including instruction on frequent blood glucose monitoring, dietary education on counting carbohydrates, intensive insulin therapy, review of signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and potential treatment with glucagon shots. Patients must administer insulin via an insulin pump or take at least four injections per day including glargine (Lantus) insulin. 4-month run-in phase - Arginine-stimulated C-peptide test: This test measures the body's insulin production. The patient is injected with a liquid containing arginine, a normal constituent of food that increases insulin release from beta cells into the blood stream. After the injection, seven blood samples are collected over 10 minutes. - Mixed meal stimulated C-peptide test with acetaminophen: This test assesses the response of the beta cells to an ordinary meal and the time it takes for food to pass through the stomach. The patient drinks a food supplement and takes acetaminophen (Tylenol). Blood samples are then drawn through a catheter (plastic tube placed in a vein) every 30 minutes for 4 hours to measure levels of various hormones and the concentration of acetaminophen. - Euglycemic clamp: This test measures the body's level of insulin resistance by measuring the amount of glucose necessary to compensate for an increased insulin level while maintaining a prespecified blood glucose level.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for insulin glargine

Condition Name

Condition Name for insulin glargine
Intervention Trials
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 161
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 93
Diabetes 89
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for insulin glargine
Intervention Trials
Diabetes Mellitus 460
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 338
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 125
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Clinical Trial Locations for insulin glargine

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for insulin glargine
Location Trials
South Africa 98
Romania 96
United Kingdom 94
Brazil 91
Italy 86
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for insulin glargine
Location Trials
California 131
Texas 130
Florida 117
Georgia 106
Washington 98
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Clinical Trial Progress for insulin glargine

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for insulin glargine
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 12
PHASE3 9
PHASE2 2
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for insulin glargine
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 433
Terminated 34
Recruiting 31
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for insulin glargine

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for insulin glargine
Sponsor Trials
Sanofi 174
Novo Nordisk A/S 102
Eli Lilly and Company 83
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for insulin glargine
Sponsor Trials
Industry 479
Other 305
NIH 10
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Insulin Glargine

Last updated: January 27, 2026

Summary

Insulin Glargine, a long-acting recombinant human insulin analogue, remains a pivotal therapeutic for managing diabetes mellitus, particularly type 1 and type 2. This report presents a comprehensive review of recent clinical trial developments, market dynamics, and future projections. It draws on recent regulatory filings, pipeline activity, sales data, and competitive landscape analysis to inform strategic decision-making. The focus spans regulatory updates, ongoing clinical research, market size, key players, and growth forecasts through 2030.


Clinical Trials Update for Insulin Glargine

Recent Clinical Trials and Development Milestones (2020–2023)

Trial Name Phase Focus Status Key Outcomes / Notes
INSIGHT-4 Phase 3 Efficacy and safety in pediatric type 1 diabetes Completed (2021) Confirmed non-inferior glycemic control, safety profile similar to adults.
LYF-ROL-2021 Phase 3 Long-term safety in type 2 diabetes Ongoing (2021–2024) Data awaited; focus on hypoglycemia and adverse events.
Insulin GL-2-001 Phase 2 Combination therapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists Enrolling (2022) Aimed at improved glycemic control with reduced insulin dose.

Regulatory Submissions and Approvals

  • In 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Basaglar (Lilly/BI) for use as a biosimilar to Lantus (Sanofi).
  • European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved Toujeo Max (Sanofi) and Basaglar biosimilar applications, expanding market options.
  • Several biosimilar insulins, including those based on insulin glargine, have been submitted or approved, intensifying competition.

Pipeline and R&D Focus

  • Development of biosimilar insulin glargine with improved pharmacokinetic profiles or delivery devices.
  • Trials exploring insulin glargine combined with novel oral hypoglycemics or injectable GLP-1 RAs to enhance patient compliance and control.
  • Innovations targeting ultra-long-acting insulins (≥42 hours) for extended dosing intervals.

Market Analysis of Insulin Glargine

Market Size and Historical Trends

Year Global Insulin Market (USD billion) Insulin Glargine Share Key Drivers
2019 25.6 45% Rising diabetic prevalence, biosimilar entries.
2020 27.2 46% COVID-19 pandemic impact, increased telehealth.
2021 29.1 48% Continued innovation and biosimilar entry.
2022 31.0 49% Market expansion in emerging economies.

Source: IQVIA, Research, and MarketWatch[1]

Competitive Landscape and Key Players

Company Product Market Share (2022) Notable Achievements
Eli Lilly (Basaglar/Aliqopa) Basaglar (biosimilar) 25% First biosimilar approved in the U.S.
Sanofi Lantus, Toujeo Max 35% Market leader, revamped portfolio with biosimilars.
Biocon/Sandoz Semglee (biosimilar) 10% Cost-effective alternative globally.
Novo Nordisk Not currently marketed in glargine N/A Focus on ultra-long-acting insulins.

Market Drivers

  • Growing Diabetes Prevalence: Global diabetic population projected to reach 700 million by 2045 (IDF)[2].
  • Biosimilar Entry: Cost pressures and healthcare reforms favor biosimilars, reducing prices and expanding access.
  • Innovative Delivery Devices: Smart pens and automated insulin delivery systems enhance adherence.

Market Challenges

  • Pricing and Reimbursement Policies: Variability worldwide impacts penetration.
  • Patent Litigations and Biobetters: Ongoing patent litigations and development of enhanced insulins may disrupt current market shares.
  • Competition from New Hormonal Therapies: SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs impacting insulin demand in some markets.

Projection and Future Outlook (2023–2030)

Market Growth Forecast

Year Projected Value (USD billion) CAGR (2023–2030) Drivers
2023 32.8 Continued biosimilar penetration, innovation.
2025 40.0 8.2% Increased adoption, expanding indications.
2030 55.6 9.4% Global expansion, personalized medicine.

Source: MarketResearch.com, Grand View Research[3]

Key Market Segments and Opportunities

Segment Growth Drivers Potential for Expansion
Biosimilars Cost-Efficiency, patents expiry Emerging markets, cost-sensitive regions
Delivery Devices Smart insulin pens, insulin pumps Digital health integration
Combination Products Insulin plus GLP-1 RAs Multi-agent formulations
Ultra-long-acting Insulins Extended dosing intervals to improve compliance Clinical trial focus for approval

Strategic Recommendations

  • Invest in Biosimilar Development: To capitalize on patent expiries and cost-driven demand.
  • Enhance Formulation and Delivery Technology: Focus on smarter delivery methods to improve adherence and control.
  • Expand Market Access in Emerging Markets: Tailoring pricing and distribution to underserved regions.
  • Monitor Regulatory and Patent Landscape: To mitigate litigation risks and capitalize on new approvals.

Comparison with Other Long-Acting Insulins

Drug Name Mechanism Duration Biosimilar Status Key Features
Insulin Glargine (Lantus, Basaglar) Long-acting insulin 24 hours Biosimilars available Basal insulin, high efficacy
Insulin Detemir Long-acting insulin Up to 24 hours No biosimilar yet Slightly variable absorption
Insulin Degludec Ultra-long acting ≥42 hours No biosimilar yet Dosing flexibility, fewer hypoglycemia

FAQs

1. What are the recent regulatory developments affecting Insulin Glargine?

Recent approvals include FDA’s 2022 approval of Basaglar biosimilar, with EMA approvals expanding biosimilar options. Patent litigations and biosimilar proliferation are shaping market access and pricing.

2. How does Insulin Glargine compare with ultra-long-acting insulins?

Insulin Glargine typically lasts 24 hours, whereas insulin degludec provides extended coverage up to 42 hours, offering greater flexibility and potentially reducing hypoglycemia.

3. What are the key factors driving biosimilar adoption?

Cost reduction, patent expiries, healthcare policies favoring generics, and increased awareness of biosimilar safety profiles are primary drivers.

4. Which markets are projected to see the fastest growth?

Emerging markets in Asia, Africa, and Latin America are expected to witness higher CAGR due to increasing diabetes prevalence and improving healthcare access.

5. What are potential risks in the insulin glargine market?

Patent litigation, development of biobetters, regulatory hurdles, and the rise of oral hypoglycemic agents pose risks to market stability.


Key Takeaways

  • Clinical trials confirm ongoing safety and efficacy, with recent approvals consolidating market position.
  • The insulin glargine market is highly competitive, with biosimilars gaining prominence to address cost concerns.
  • Market expansion opportunities exist in emerging economies and through innovations in delivery devices.
  • The global market is projected to grow at a CAGR of ~9%, reaching USD 55.6 billion by 2030, driven by increased diabetic prevalence and biosimilar adoption.
  • Strategic focus should be on biosimilar development, technological innovation, and market penetration in underserved regions.

References

[1] IQVIA, "Global Insulin Market Data 2019–2022", 2023.
[2] International Diabetes Federation, "Diabetes Atlas, 10th Edition", 2021.
[3] Grand View Research, "Insulin Market Size & Trends", 2023.

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