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Last Updated: December 16, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR ETANERCEPT


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Biosimilar Clinical Trials for etanercept

This table shows clinical trials for biosimilars. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT01891864 ↗ Study to Demonstrate Equivalent Efficacy and to Compare Safety of Biosimilar Etanercept (GP2015) and Enbrel Completed Hexal AG Phase 3 2013-06-01 The purpose of this study is to demonstrate equivalent efficacy of GP2015 and Enbrel® in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis with respect to PASI 75 response rate at Week 12.
NCT01891864 ↗ Study to Demonstrate Equivalent Efficacy and to Compare Safety of Biosimilar Etanercept (GP2015) and Enbrel Completed Sandoz Phase 3 2013-06-01 The purpose of this study is to demonstrate equivalent efficacy of GP2015 and Enbrel® in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis with respect to PASI 75 response rate at Week 12.
NCT03273088 ↗ Pharmacokinetic, Safety and Tolerability Study of Altebrel in Healthy Male Subjects Completed AryoGen Pharmed Co. Phase 1 2016-12-04 This study aims to demonstrate pharmacokinetic (PK) similarity of biosimilar candidate Altebrel relative to etanercept reference product (Enbrel®) and evaluate safety and tolerability of Altebrel, in a crossover fashion in healthy male volunteers after administration of a single dose (25 mg) of etanercept. The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate that the PK of Altebrel is similar to its originator, Enbrel®, as assessed by the area under the serum concentration time curve (AUC) from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) and the Cmax. The secondary objectives of the study are: To further compare the PK of Altebrel and Enbrel®. To assess the safety of Altebrel.
NCT03880968 ↗ Treat-to-Target Strategy With Etanercept for Ankylosing Spondylitis Completed First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2012-03-01 Evaluate the disease activity guided tapering and discontinuation strategies of etanercept (ETN) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in 48 weeks.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for etanercept

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00000433 ↗ Blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor in Ankylosing Spondylitis Completed National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Phase 2 1999-10-01 The Division of Rheumatology at University of California San Francisco is conducting a research study on the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with a new therapy currently used for people with other forms of arthritis. The drug, called Enbrel (or etanercept), is a protein that is given twice weekly by injection underneath the skin. It blocks the action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a substance that may be involved in AS, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions. We will randomly assign patients to receive either the drug or a placebo (inactive treatment) for 4 months. The results we will monitor include morning stiffness, spinal mobility, activities of daily life, and safety of the drug.
NCT00001862 ↗ TNRF:Fc to Treat Eye Inflammation in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 2 1999-02-01 This study will investigate the safety and effectiveness of the drug TNFR:Fc to treat uveitis (eye inflammation) in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In other studies, TNFR:Fc significantly reduced joint pain and swelling in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the Food and Drug Administration has approved the drug for that use. Because medicines for arthritis often help patients with eye inflammation, this study will examine whether TNFR:Fc can help patients with uveitis. Patients with uveitis who are not responding well to standard treatment, such as steroids, and patients who have side effects from other medicines used to treat their uveitis or have refused treatment because of possible side effects may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and eye examination. The eye exam includes a check of vision and eye pressure, examination of the back of the eye (retina), and front of the eye, including measurements of protein and inflammation. Candidates will also undergo fluorescein angiography-a procedure in which photographs are taken of the retina to see if there is any leakage in the eye's blood vessels. A blood test and joint evaluation will also be done. Study participants will be given a shot of TNFR:Fc twice a week for up to 12 months and may continue other medicines they may be taking, such as prednisone or methotrexate. They will have follow-up examinations at week two and months one, two, three and four. Those who wish to continue treatment after the fourth month can receive the drug for another eight months and will have follow-up exams at months six, nine and 12, and one month after treatment ends. Each follow-up visit will include a repeat of the screening exams and an evaluation of side effects or discomfort from the medicine.
NCT00001901 ↗ Etanercept to Treat Wegener's Granulomatosis Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 2 1999-02-01 This study will examine the use of etanercept (also called Enbrel or TNFR:Fc) in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, a type of vasculitis (blood vessel inflammation). Wegener's granulomatosis may affect many parts of the body, including the brain, nerves, eyes, sinuses, lungs, kidneys, intestinal tract, skin, joints, heart, and other sites. Generally, the greater the disease involvement, the more life-threatening it is. Standard treatment is a combination of prednisone and a cytotoxic agent-usually cyclophosphamide or methotrexate. However, many patients treated with this regimen have a disease relapse, and others cannot take these drugs because of severe side effects. This study will evaluate etanercept's safety and effectiveness, and particularly its value in reducing the need for prednisone and preventing disease relapse. The Food and Drug Administration has approved etanercept for treating rheumatoid arthritis, another inflammatory disease. The drug works by blocking the activity of TNF-a protein made by white blood cells that is involved in the inflammatory process. Since prednisone also affects inflammatory proteins and lowers TNF production, the use of etanercept may reduce the need for prednisone in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, and thus the risk of its side effects. Patients between 10 and 70 years of age with Wegener's granulomatosis who have never taken prednisone, methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, or have taken these drugs for less than 3 weeks may be eligible for this study. Participants will have a medical history review and physical examination, including laboratory studies. If medically indicated, X-rays, consultations and biopsies (surgical removal of a small tissue sample) of affected organs will also be done. All patients will begin treatment with prednisone, methotrexate and etanercept. Those who improve on this regimen will stop prednisone gradually over 3 months. Those who achieve disease remission at the end of another 3 months will be randomly assigned to either continue taking etanercept and methotrexate for another 12 months or to stop etanercept and continue only methotrexate for the next 12 months (after which methotrexate will gradually be stopped). Patients who are not in remission by the 6-month point will continue taking etanercept until they go into remission, when they will be assigned to stop or not stop etanercept, as described above. Patients who do not achieve remission within 12 months of beginning treatment will be taken off the study. Patients who have a disease relapse while on the study will likely be switched to treatment with prednisone and either methotrexate or cyclophosphamide. Patients randomized to stop etanercept and who have a relapse within a year of stopping the drug may be offered re-treatment on this protocol, but with continuing etanercept for a full year after remission. Patients will be evaluated in the outpatient clinic every 2 to 4 weeks for the first 4 months and every 1 to 3 months after that. Patients whose disease is in remission and who stop all medications will be followed every 3 to 6 months for 2 years. Follow-up evaluations include a physical examination, blood draws and, if medically indicated, X-rays. The total study duration is 60 to 70 months.
NCT00001954 ↗ Etanercept Therapy for Sjogren's Syndrome Completed National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Phase 2 1999-12-01 This study will test the effectiveness of etanercept (Enbrel) for treating Sjogren's syndrome-an autoimmune disease that affects the secreting glands. (In autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.) Reduced lacrimal (tear) gland function causes dry eyes with a scratchy sensation, and, in severe cases, vision be may impaired. Reduced salivary gland function causes dry mouth, resulting in greatly increased tooth decay. Dry mouth also makes chewing and swallowing difficult, which may lead to nutrition deficiencies. Sjogren's syndrome can also cause dryness of the skin and of mucous membranes in the nose, throat, airways, and vagina. Patients with Sjogren's syndrome who have had oral and eye examinations under NIDCR's protocol 84-D-0056 may participate in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either etanercept or placebo (an inactive look-alike substance) by injection under the skin twice a week for 3 months. Patients will be seen for evaluation before treatment begins (baseline) and again at 1, 3, and 4 months. The baseline and 3-month visits include a physical examination, eye examination, saliva collection from salivary glands, blood tests, and evaluation for changes in symptoms and treatment side effects. The 1- and 4-month visits include saliva collection, blood tests, and review of symptoms and treatment side effects. In addition, blood will be drawn every 2 weeks for safety monitoring. Patients will also be surveyed weekly (by telephone or during the clinic visit) about symptoms and treatment side effects. The Food and Drug Administration has approved Enbrel for treating certain forms of arthritis, which, like Sjogren's syndrome, are autoimmune disorders of the connective tissue. Laboratory studies also indicate that etanercept may be an effective treatment for Sjogren's syndrome.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for etanercept

Condition Name

Condition Name for etanercept
Intervention Trials
Rheumatoid Arthritis 100
Psoriasis 60
Ankylosing Spondylitis 27
Psoriatic Arthritis 17
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for etanercept
Intervention Trials
Arthritis 149
Arthritis, Rheumatoid 123
Psoriasis 85
Spondylitis, Ankylosing 38
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Clinical Trial Locations for etanercept

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for etanercept
Location Trials
Canada 156
Spain 98
Japan 76
United Kingdom 73
Germany 65
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for etanercept
Location Trials
California 65
New York 56
Florida 53
Texas 51
Pennsylvania 42
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Clinical Trial Progress for etanercept

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for etanercept
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE4 1
PHASE3 1
PHASE2 1
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for etanercept
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 262
Unknown status 33
Recruiting 31
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for etanercept

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for etanercept
Sponsor Trials
Amgen 70
Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer 51
Pfizer 46
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for etanercept
Sponsor Trials
Other 337
Industry 289
NIH 42
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Etanercept

Last updated: October 28, 2025

Introduction

Etanercept, a biologic agent marketed under brand names such as Enbrel, is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor widely used in treating autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. As one of the pioneering biologics in its class, etanercept's evolving clinical landscape and market dynamics are of strategic interest to pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers, and investors alike. This report offers a comprehensive update on recent clinical trials, analyzes current market conditions, and projects future growth trajectories.

Clinical Trials Update

Recent and Ongoing Clinical Trials

Over the past year, the clinical development pipeline for etanercept and its biosimilars has intensified, with a focus on expanding indication labels, optimizing dosing regimens, and evaluating combination therapies.

  • New Indications and Expanded Use: Trials are underway examining etanercept's efficacy in treating pediatric inflammatory diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) (NCT04377511). Preliminary data suggest favorable safety profiles and comparable efficacy to existing treatments.

  • Biosimilars Development: Multiple biosimilar candidates have advanced, with several receiving regulatory approval. For instance, Samsung Bioepis’s SB4 (Benepali) has completed phase III trials confirming bioequivalence, facilitating increased competition and market penetration.

  • Combination Therapy Trials: Recent studies investigate etanercept combined with newer agents such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, aiming to enhance therapeutic outcomes for patients unresponsive to monotherapy. For example, a phase IV trial (NCT04567021) explores etanercept combined with tofacitinib, demonstrating promising efficacy signals.

Safety and Immunogenicity Data

Ongoing surveillance continues to monitor long-term safety and immunogenicity. Recent pooled analyses indicate that anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) develop in approximately 10-15% of patients, potentially affecting efficacy. However, no new safety concerns have emerged, reinforcing etanercept’s established safety profile.

Regulatory Developments

Regulatory agencies, including the FDA and EMA, have approved biosimilars that offer comparable efficacy with reduced costs, expanding accessible treatment options. The FDA approved the biosimilar SB5 in 2021, broadening competitive health care landscapes.

Market Analysis

Current Market Landscape

The global etanercept market was valued at approximately USD 6.1 billion in 2022, with steady growth driven by increasing prevalence of autoimmune diseases, expanding indications, and the introduction of biosimilars. The United States, Europe, and emerging markets like China represent significant geographic segments.

Key Market Drivers

  • Rising Prevalence: An estimated 1% of the global population suffers from RA, with higher prevalence in developed countries. The World Health Organization estimates ~23.1 million adults worldwide are affected by RA alone [1].

  • Biologic Adoption: Adoption of biologics, including etanercept, has increased owing to superior efficacy over traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The convenience of subcutaneous administration further enhances patient compliance.

  • Biosimilar Entry: The entry of biosimilars has intensified price competition, reducing treatment costs by up to 40%. Demand for biosimilars is projected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 25% through 2030 [2].

Market Challenges

  • Patent Expiry: Enbrel’s patent expired in the U.S. in 2028, opening the market to biosimilar competition, which may erode revenue streams.

  • Pricing and Reimbursement: Variable reimbursement policies across regions and price sensitivity influence sales volumes.

  • Safety Concerns and Competition: The emergence of alternative biologics with improved safety profiles and administration routes pose competitive threats.

Emerging Markets and Opportunities

The Asia-Pacific region exhibits rapid growth potential, driven by increasing healthcare access, government initiatives promoting biosimilars, and rising disease burden. For instance, China’s market for biosimilar TNF inhibitors is projected to reach USD 2.5 billion by 2025 [3].

Projected Market Growth

Analysts forecast that the etanercept market will grow at a CAGR of 8-10% from 2023 to 2030, reaching approximately USD 12 billion globally. The growth is fueled by biosimilar penetration, expanding indications, and technological innovations in biologic manufacturing.

Future Projections

Clinical Pipeline Impacts on Market

Upcoming indications, such as treating Crohn’s disease and axial spondyloarthritis, could broaden the market. Additionally, progress in personalized medicine may optimize patient selection, improving outcomes and market share.

Biosimilar Competition

By 2030, biosimilars are expected to capture over 70% of the TNF inhibitor market segment, significantly impacting revenues from originator products. Manufacturers investing in biosimilars are well-positioned to capitalize on this shift.

Regulatory and Policy Environment

Evolving pricing policies, including value-based agreements and biosimilar incentivization programs, will shape market competitiveness. Regulatory agencies’ accelerated approval pathways are likely to facilitate faster introduction of innovative biosimilars.

Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Innovation: Recent trials reinforce etanercept’s safety and expanding efficacy profile, especially in pediatric populations and combination therapies. Biosimilar development continues to advance, increasing treatment options.

  • Market Dynamics: The global etanercept market is poised for sustained growth, driven by rising autoimmune disease prevalence, biosimilar entry, and expanding indication labels, despite challenges posed by patent expirations and market competition.

  • Strategic Outlook: Companies investing in biosimilar pipelines and exploring new indications will likely dominate future market share gains. Regional market expansion, particularly in Asia, offers lucrative opportunities.

  • Regulatory Outlook: Supportive regulatory policies for biosimilars and accelerated approvals will facilitate market access, fostering price competition and patient access improvements.

FAQs

Q1: How does the recent development of biosimilars impact etanercept’s market?
A: Biosimilars significantly reduce treatment costs and increase accessibility, capturing over 50% of the market in some regions. Their entry leads to downward pressure on prices and revenue streams for originator products like Enbrel, encouraging companies to innovate further.

Q2: What are the primary indications for etanercept currently, and are new indications expected?
A: Presently, etanercept is approved for RA, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Ongoing trials aim to expand its label to other inflammatory conditions such as Crohn’s disease and axial spondyloarthritis.

Q3: Are there safety concerns associated with long-term etanercept therapy?
A: Long-term safety profiles are well-established, with risks including infections and immunogenicity. Ongoing pharmacovigilance continues to monitor adverse events, but no new safety issues have been identified recently.

Q4: How will patent expirations affect etanercept’s market share?
A: Patent expiry in key markets like the U.S. (anticipated in 2028) will enable biosimilar competition, likely leading to price reductions and market share redistribution from the originator.

Q5: What emerging regions offer growth opportunities for etanercept?
A: The Asia-Pacific region presents significant growth potential driven by increasing autoimmune disease prevalence, healthcare reforms, and biosimilar adoption, projected to surpass USD 4 billion in market value by 2030.

References

[1] World Health Organization. Rheumatoid arthritis. 2022.
[2] Grand View Research. Biosimilars Market Analysis and Forecast. 2022.
[3] ResearchAndMarkets. Asia-Pacific Biosimilar Market Forecast. 2022.


This article synthesizes the latest clinical and market data to assist strategic decision-making in the biologics sector, emphasizing etanercept’s evolving landscape.

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