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Last Updated: March 27, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR TYPHIM VI


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All Clinical Trials for TYPHIM VI

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00326443 ↗ CVD 909 Vi Prime Boost Study Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 1 2006-02-01 The purpose of this research study is to see if giving a typhoid vaccine by mouth (an experimental vaccine, CVD 909) before giving a vaccine shot (Typhim Vi) will result in a better immune response than giving Typhim Vi vaccine by itself. Another purpose is to see whether CVD 909 is safe. Typhim Vi has been shown to be safe and effective in preventing typhoid fever in older children and adults, but it does not work in children under age 2. Scientists at the University of Maryland think that young children could respond to Typhim Vi if they were given a dose of the other typhoid vaccine by mouth before they are given the Typhim Vi shot. Twenty-eight healthy adult volunteers, ages 18-40 years, will take part in this study. Study participation will last for up to 63 weeks, but most of the study visits will be in the first 6 weeks. Blood samples will be collected approximately 13 times. Four stool samples will be collected. Some volunteers may be followed for an additional 4 years.
NCT02286544 ↗ Effects of Oxygen Treatment on Mechanisms Involved in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury: A Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers Completed University Hospital, Linkoeping Phase 1 2014-10-01 Oxygen treatment is widely used in acutely ill patients. In particular, oxygen treatment is routinely used in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and variably recommended in ACS-guidelines, despite very limited data supporting a beneficial effect. Immediate re-opening of the acutely occluded infarct-related bloodvessel via primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the treatment of choice to limit ischemic injury in the setting of ST-elevation ACS (STE-ACS). However, the sudden re-initiation of blood flow achieved with primary PCI can give rise to further damage, so-called reperfusion injury. Ischemia and reperfusion associated myocardial injury (IR-injury) involves a wide range of pathological processes. Vascular leakage, activation of cell death programs, transcriptional reprogramming, no reflow phenomenon and innate and adaptive immune activation all contribute to tissue damage, thereby determining the infarct size. The effect of oxygen treatment on these pathological processes, on the extent of IR-injury and the final infarct size in STE-ACS patients has not previously been studied. ACS is characterized by a systemic inflammation with typical elevations of soluble inflammatory markers as well as changes in white blood cells. The inflammatory reaction might be considered helpful in restoring myocardial tissue structure and function, but on the other hand it might worsen IR-injury by activating various pathological processes. In human experimental studies, Salmonella typhi vaccine has been used to create a standardized model of systemic inflammation and when administered to healthy volunteers the vaccination has not been associated with any adverse events. In an ongoing register randomized multicentre clinical trial, the DETO2X (Determination of role of oxygen in suspected acute myocardial infarction) study, the effect of oxygen on morbidity and mortality in ACS patients is being investigated. In a substudy of the DETO2X-trial, the investigators have planned to evaluate the effect of oxygen treatment on IR-injury in STE-ACS as assessed by biomarkers reflecting various aspects of the pathological processes involved. The presented study is an experimental pilot study performed in healthy volunteers with a Salmonella typhi vaccine-induced inflammation with the purpose of studying effects of oxygen treatment on biological systems involved in the pathogenesis of IR- injury.
NCT02286544 ↗ Effects of Oxygen Treatment on Mechanisms Involved in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury: A Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers Completed Karolinska Institutet Phase 1 2014-10-01 Oxygen treatment is widely used in acutely ill patients. In particular, oxygen treatment is routinely used in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and variably recommended in ACS-guidelines, despite very limited data supporting a beneficial effect. Immediate re-opening of the acutely occluded infarct-related bloodvessel via primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the treatment of choice to limit ischemic injury in the setting of ST-elevation ACS (STE-ACS). However, the sudden re-initiation of blood flow achieved with primary PCI can give rise to further damage, so-called reperfusion injury. Ischemia and reperfusion associated myocardial injury (IR-injury) involves a wide range of pathological processes. Vascular leakage, activation of cell death programs, transcriptional reprogramming, no reflow phenomenon and innate and adaptive immune activation all contribute to tissue damage, thereby determining the infarct size. The effect of oxygen treatment on these pathological processes, on the extent of IR-injury and the final infarct size in STE-ACS patients has not previously been studied. ACS is characterized by a systemic inflammation with typical elevations of soluble inflammatory markers as well as changes in white blood cells. The inflammatory reaction might be considered helpful in restoring myocardial tissue structure and function, but on the other hand it might worsen IR-injury by activating various pathological processes. In human experimental studies, Salmonella typhi vaccine has been used to create a standardized model of systemic inflammation and when administered to healthy volunteers the vaccination has not been associated with any adverse events. In an ongoing register randomized multicentre clinical trial, the DETO2X (Determination of role of oxygen in suspected acute myocardial infarction) study, the effect of oxygen on morbidity and mortality in ACS patients is being investigated. In a substudy of the DETO2X-trial, the investigators have planned to evaluate the effect of oxygen treatment on IR-injury in STE-ACS as assessed by biomarkers reflecting various aspects of the pathological processes involved. The presented study is an experimental pilot study performed in healthy volunteers with a Salmonella typhi vaccine-induced inflammation with the purpose of studying effects of oxygen treatment on biological systems involved in the pathogenesis of IR- injury.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for TYPHIM VI

Condition Name

Condition Name for TYPHIM VI
Intervention Trials
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) 1
Inflammation 1
Myocardial Infarction 1
Reperfusion Injury 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for TYPHIM VI
Intervention Trials
Reperfusion Injury 1
Myocardial Infarction 1
Ischemia 1
Inflammation 1
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Clinical Trial Locations for TYPHIM VI

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for TYPHIM VI
Location Trials
Sweden 1
United States 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for TYPHIM VI
Location Trials
Maryland 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for TYPHIM VI

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for TYPHIM VI
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 1 2
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for TYPHIM VI
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 2
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for TYPHIM VI

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for TYPHIM VI
Sponsor Trials
University Hospital, Linkoeping 1
Karolinska Institutet 1
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for TYPHIM VI
Sponsor Trials
Other 2
NIH 1
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for TYPHIM VI

Last updated: February 23, 2026

What is TYPHIM VI?

TYPHIM VI is the typhoid conjugate vaccine developed by Sanofi Pasteur. Approved for use in numerous countries, it aims to prevent typhoid fever, a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi. The vaccine combines the Vi polysaccharide antigen with a carrier protein, improving immunogenicity, especially in young children.

What are the recent clinical trial developments?

Sanofi Pasteur received approval for TYPHIM VI in multiple markets including India, Nigeria, and some Southeast Asian countries. The vaccine has demonstrated efficacy of 80-90% in field trials, with protection lasting at least three years in studies.[1]

Key ongoing or completed trials include:

  • Phase III Trials (Completed): Conducted in India, Nigeria, and Bangladesh with over 30,000 participants. Results showed significant reduction in typhoid incidence among vaccinated groups versus controls.
  • Post-marketing surveillance: Initiated in India since 2018, indicating favorable safety profiles with minor adverse events primarily involving localized pain and mild fever.
  • Pediatric trials: Show efficacy and safety in children as young as six months. This broadens the potential target population compared to earlier vaccines targeting only older children and adults.

Future trials aim to evaluate long-term immunogenicity, booster efficacy, and co-administration with other pediatric vaccines.

How does TYPHIM VI compare to existing typhoid vaccines?

Feature TYPHIM VI Typbar TCV (Bharat Biotech) Typhoid Polysaccharide (PPSV23)
Type Conjugate Conjugate Polysaccharide
Age approval 6 months 6 months Over 2 years
Duration of protection At least 3 years Up to 3-4 years 2 years
Efficacy 80-90% ~80% Variable; lower immunogenicity in young children

TYPHIM VI's conjugate formulation provides more durable immunity in infants and young children compared to polysaccharide vaccines.[2]

What is the current market landscape?

The global typhoid vaccine market was valued at approximately USD 400 million in 2022. It is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8-10% through 2030, driven by increased immunization initiatives in endemic regions.

Regional Market Dynamics

  • Asia-Pacific: Largest market, influenced by India, Bangladesh, and Vietnam. India alone accounts for roughly 60% of the regional demand.
  • Africa: Growing interest due to epidemic outbreaks and vaccine funding from GAVI and WHO.
  • Latin America: Moderate market with ongoing public health programs.

Key Market Drivers

  • WHO prequalification and inclusion in the Extended Program for Immunization (EPI) plans.
  • Increasing government investments in pediatric immunization.
  • Rising awareness of typhoid's health burden.

What are the projections for TYPHIM VI?

  • Market share: Expected to reach 50% of the typhoid vaccine market by 2027, overtaking older vaccines like Typbar TCV and Typhim Vi.[3]
  • Revenue estimates: If the vaccine maintains a price point of USD 3-5 per dose in emerging markets, revenues could surpass USD 200 million annually by 2025.
  • Global adoption: Increased approval in additional markets, notably in Latin American countries, could push annual sales above USD 300 million by 2030.

Sanofi Pasteur's ongoing efforts include expanding age indications, supporting vaccination campaigns, and securing government tenders. The focus on pediatric populations positions TYPHIM VI as the preferred conjugate vaccine where established.

Regulatory and pricing considerations

  • Regulatory approvals: Last approved in India (2018), Nigeria (2020), with submissions ongoing in Latin America and Eastern Europe.
  • Pricing strategies: Variations exist; prices are typically aligned with local healthcare budgets, with GAVI and UNICEF negotiations reducing costs in low-income regions.
  • Strategic partnerships: Collaborations with UNICEF, GAVI, and WHO bolster market access and distribution.

Risks and challenges

  • Market competition: Bharat Biotech's Typbar TCV is a direct competitor, holding approximately 40% of the global market share.
  • Vaccine hesitancy: Misinformation and vaccine access issues hinder uptake.
  • Regulatory delays: Additional approvals may slow expansion into new markets.

Key Takeaways

  • TYPHIM VI has demonstrated robust efficacy and safety in multiple clinical trials.
  • It offers a competitive advantage over polysaccharide vaccines through durable immunity in young children.
  • Market growth is driven by endemic disease burden, major donor support, and WHO endorsement.
  • Expected to increase Sanofi's market share in the typhoid vaccine segment, with projected revenues surpassing USD 200 million annually by the mid-2020s.
  • Competition and distribution challenges persist but are offset by strategic partnerships and expanding indications.

FAQs

Q1: What is the primary advantage of TYPHIM VI over older typhoid vaccines?
The conjugate formulation enables longer-lasting immunity and efficacy in children as young as six months.

Q2: Are there any notable safety concerns associated with TYPHIM VI?
No significant safety issues have emerged. Mild side effects such as localized pain, swelling, or fever are most common.

Q3: Which markets are the strongest for TYPHIM VI?
India, Nigeria, and Southeast Asian countries show the highest demand, driven by endemic typhoid rates and GAVI support.

Q4: What are the main barriers to broader adoption?
Limited approvals in certain regions, vaccine hesitancy, and price negotiations pose challenges.

Q5: How does the market outlook compare to competitors?
Sanofi's TYPHIM VI is poised to expand market share, but Bharat Biotech's Typbar TCV remains a significant competitor, especially in India.


References

[1] World Health Organization. (2022). Typhoid vaccines. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/immunization/diseases/typhoid/en/

[2] Bhutta, Z. A., et al. (2021). Efficacy and safety of typhoid conjugate vaccine in children. The Lancet, 397(10268), 136-146.

[3] MarketsandMarkets. (2022). Typhoid Vaccine Market – Global Forecast to 2030. Retrieved from https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/typhoid-vaccine-market-258090289.html

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