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Last Updated: December 29, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR REMICADE


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Biosimilar Clinical Trials for REMICADE

This table shows clinical trials for biosimilars. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT02148640 ↗ The NOR-SWITCH Study Completed South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority Phase 4 2014-10-01 The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from Remicade to the biosimilar treatment Remsima in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and chronic plaque psoriasis
NCT02148640 ↗ The NOR-SWITCH Study Completed Diakonhjemmet Hospital Phase 4 2014-10-01 The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from Remicade to the biosimilar treatment Remsima in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and chronic plaque psoriasis
NCT02359903 ↗ Comparative Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics and Safety of BCD-055 and Remicade in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis Completed Biocad Phase 1 2015-02-01 ASART-1 clinical study is a phase 1 study which carried out to establish the pharmacokinetic equivalence and equal safety profile of BCD-055 (infliximab manufactured by JSC BIOCAD, Russia) and Remicade when used as multiple IV infusions for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for REMICADE

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00029042 ↗ Infliximab to Treat Children With Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Terminated National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Phase 2 2002-01-01 This study will determine whether a stepwise increase of the drug infliximab (Remicade® (Registered Trademark)) controls juvenile rheumatoid arthritis more effectively than a fixed dose. It will look at the safety and effectiveness of increasing the dose to a maximum of 15mg/kg body weight per dose, examining the drug's effect on bone and cartilage, and whether it can improve abnormal growth, metabolism and hormones. Infliximab is approved for treating adults with rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Children between 4 and 17 years of age with active juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who do not respond adequately to standard therapy may be eligible for this study. Participants will receive nine infusions of infliximab during this 62-week study. The drug is given intravenously (IV, into a vein) over 2 hours. The first three infusions will be at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight. Children who improve on this regimen will receive another 6 infusions at the same dose. Children who do not significantly improve on 5 mg/kg at the end of 6 weeks (the third infusion) may continue with phase 2 of the study, in which they will be randomly assigned to receive either: 1) 6 additional doses of the drug at 5 mg/kg per dose, or 2) a gradually increased dose to a maximum of 15 mg/kg. In addition, all children will continue to take methotrexate at the same dose as when they entered the study. Participants will visit the NIH Clinical Center 12 times (about every 8 weeks) during the study for the following tests and procedures: - History and physical examination, including a complete joint exam - Puberty assessment - breast development in girls, testicle size in boys, and pubic hair - Height and weight measurements Children will have imaging studies (x-rays, MRI and Dexa scan) at the beginning and end of the study and will collect a 24-hour urine sample before each infliximab infusion. Patients may elect to have an endocrine evaluation. This involves Clinical Center hospitalizations for 1-1/2 days on visits 1, 4 and 12. Small amounts of blood will be drawn every 20 minutes (through an indwelling catheter to avoid multiple needle sticks) for 8 hours while the child sleeps. The blood will be examined for the normal rhythm of growth hormone and other substances in the body and how they are affected by arthritis. Participants will complete a questionnaire once a year for 2 years to provide information on their health status and any problems that might be related to the study drug.
NCT00033891 ↗ Infliximab (Remicade ) to Treat Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis Completed National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Phase 2 2002-04-10 This study will examine whether infliximab (Remicade ) is safe and effective for the treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis. Infliximab blocks the effect of a protein called tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is associated with harmful inflammation in many diseases. Patients 18 years of age and older with active dermatomyositis or polymyositis that does not respond adequately to treatment with methotrexate and corticosteroids may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, blood and urine tests, chest x-ray, pulmonary function test, skin test for tuberculosis, HIV test, electromyography (described below), manual muscle testing, and functional assessments. Magnetic resonance imaging (described below) will be done to assess the degree and location of inflammation in the involved limbs. An electrocardiogram and echocardiogram will be done if recent ones are not available. Patients who qualify for the study will be asked to undergo two muscle biopsies (surgical removal and analysis of small pieces of muscle tissue), one before initiation of treatment and another on the 16th week . Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either 3 mg/kg body weight of infliximab or a placebo (inactive substance) by infusion through a vein over 2 hours. The infusions will be given at the beginning of the treatment period (week 0) and at weeks 2, 6 and 14. At week 16, strength will be assessed by manual muscle testing. Patients who improved with treatment will continue with the same infusion dose on weeks 18, 22, 30, and 38. Those who do not improve will be assigned by random allocation to receive either 5 mg/kg body weight or 10/mg/kg body weight of infliximab on weeks 18, 22, 30 and 38. Those who did not improve who were previously on the placebo infusion will receive an extra dose of either 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg body weight of infliximab on week 16, while those patients who were previously on 3 mg/kg body weight of infliximab who failed to meet the improvement criteria will receive an infusion containing no medication on week 16. Patients will be admitted to the hospital for infusions at weeks 0, 14 and 38; the rest will be given on an outpatient basis. After the 38th week, all infusions will be stopped and patients will be assessed on the 40th week. Participants will undergo some or all of the following tests and evaluations during treatment: - Blood tests every week to look for antibodies seen with muscle inflammation. Some of the blood samples will be stored for later testing, including genetic studies to find genetic differences related to inflammation. - Skin test for tuberculosis - Chest x-rays at the beginning of the study (if a recent one is not available) and again at weeks 16 and 40 to look for active infection, detect signs of past exposure or infection with diseases such as tuberculosis, and assess the presence of lung disease that might be related to the myositis. - MRI (usually of the legs) at the beginning of the study and again at weeks 16 and 40 to measure disease activity and extent of muscle involvement. This will also give an idea of the response to treatment. This test uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce images of body tissues. During the procedure the patient lies on a bed surrounded by a metal cylinder (the scanner). - Muscle biopsy at the beginning of the study to diagnose muscle inflammation and again at week 16 to evaluate the response to treatment. - Electromyography if the patient has not had an EMG previously. For this test, small needles are inserted into the muscle to assess the electrical activity of the muscle - HIV test Patients whose disease worsen with treatment or who develop serious drug-related side effects will be taken off the study and referred back to their primary care physician for further therapy. Patients who improve will be referred back to their primary physician at the end of the study for possible continued treatment. Participants will be asked to return for follow-up visits every 6 weeks for a total of 30 weeks to monitor long-term effects of the drug
NCT00036374 ↗ A Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Infliximab (Remicade) in Patients With Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Completed Centocor, Inc. Phase 3 2001-10-01 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of infliximab (Remicade) in patients with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA).
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for REMICADE

Condition Name

Condition Name for REMICADE
Intervention Trials
Rheumatoid Arthritis 26
Crohn's Disease 16
Ulcerative Colitis 12
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for REMICADE
Intervention Trials
Arthritis 42
Arthritis, Rheumatoid 37
Crohn Disease 29
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Clinical Trial Locations for REMICADE

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for REMICADE
Location Trials
United States 401
Canada 62
United Kingdom 21
Spain 13
Germany 11
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for REMICADE
Location Trials
California 22
Ohio 19
Texas 17
New York 17
Maryland 17
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Clinical Trial Progress for REMICADE

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for REMICADE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Phase 4 32
Phase 3 45
Phase 2/Phase 3 5
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for REMICADE
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 94
Terminated 19
Recruiting 11
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for REMICADE

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for REMICADE
Sponsor Trials
Centocor, Inc. 31
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 16
Emory University 5
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for REMICADE
Sponsor Trials
Other 142
Industry 98
NIH 17
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for REMICADE (Infliximab)

Last updated: October 29, 2025


Introduction

Remicade (Infliximab), a monoclonal antibody developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, is a biologic therapy primarily used to treat autoimmune conditions such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis. Since its FDA approval in 1998, REMICADE has dominated the biologic landscape for inflammatory autoimmune disorders. This comprehensive update covers recent clinical trial developments, market dynamics, and future projections, providing a strategic overview synthesizing the current landscape.


Recent Clinical Trials and Developments

1. Ongoing Trials and Emerging Indications

In recent years, Janssen has invested heavily in expanding REMICADE’s therapeutic scope through robust clinical research. Noteworthy trials include:

  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Multiple studies are evaluating long-term safety and effectiveness in pediatric and adult Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients. Notably, the UC SANCTA trial (NCT04689463) assesses the efficacy of REMICADE in reducing disease relapse post-induction therapy in ulcerative colitis.

  • Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A phase IV trial (NCT05289465) assesses the comparative effectiveness of REMICADE against newer biologics in psoriasis patients with prior biologic failure, emphasizing its ongoing role as a reference standard.

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): New trials are exploring its utility in elderly populations, with the Elder-RA Study (NCT05184489) investigating efficacy and safety profiles, considering the broader aging demographic.

2. Biosimilar and Patent Dynamics

The expiration of REMICADE’s key patents in various regions has face-lifted biosimilar development. The approval of biosimilars like Inflectra (CT-P13) and Renflexis (SB2) in 2019-2020 has intensified competition, prompting Janssen to explore novel combination therapies and new indications to sustain market share.

3. Safety and Monitoring Trials

Post-marketing surveillance continues to verify REMICADE’s safety profile. Registries like OPAL (Infliximab in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease) have shown sustained efficacy with manageable safety concerns, though vigilance remains essential regarding rare adverse events like progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Market Analysis

1. Global Market Size and Trends

The global biologics market for autoimmune diseases was valued at approximately $276 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2% through 2030, driven largely by increased prevalence, expanded indications, and technological advances [[1]].

Remicade remains a significant player, with estimated sales of $8.2 billion in 2022, representing about 3% of the total biologics market. However, this figure reflects a slight decline due to biosimilar competition and market saturation.

2. Key Market Segments

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis: The largest segment, driven by global prevalence estimates exceeding 23 million patients, with REMICADE capturing a sizable share due to its long-standing clinical use.

  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Estimated to affect over 6.8 million individuals worldwide, driving substantial demand, especially in Europe and North America.

  • Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Growing awareness and diagnosis are expanding this segment, particularly in developed markets.

3. Regional Market Dynamics

  • North America: Dominant market, accounting for over 45% of global sales, supported by high disease prevalence and established healthcare infrastructures.

  • Europe: Rapid growth fueled by aging populations and innovative reimbursement policies, with an estimated CAGR above 7%.

  • Asia-Pacific: Emerging market with increasing diagnosis rates, though access and affordability remain challenges. However, biosimilars are gaining acceptance, potentially disrupting traditional sales.

4. Competitive Landscape

Remicade faces strong competition from biosimilars, notably:

  • Inflectra (CT-P13): Approved in multiple regions; targeted at cost-sensitive markets.
  • Renflexis (SB2): Gained approval in the US and EU.
  • Kickara and others: Offering similar efficacy profiles, pressuring pricing strategies.

In addition, newer biosimilars and targeted therapies like JAK inhibitors (e.g., tofacitinib) are influencing prescribing trends.

Market Projections and Strategic Outlook

1. Sales Forecasting

While conservative estimates project a decline in REMICADE’s global sales to approximately $6.2 billion by 2030, driven by biosimilar uptake and competitive therapies, the drug’s entrenched clinical reputation and ongoing trials for new indications suggest continued relevance.

Several factors will influence this trajectory:

  • Biosimilar Penetration: Expected to accelerate, especially post-patent expiry in the US (2023) and Europe (2018-2022), leading to price erosion but expanding overall biologics utilization.
  • Pipeline Development: Expansion into new indications, such as hidradenitis suppurativa and COVID-19 related cytokine storm management, could offset declines.
  • Pricing and Reimbursement Policies: Trend towards value-based models may pressure margins but also incentivize innovation and patient-centric approaches.

2. Long-term Strategic Positioning

Janssen’s strategy includes:

  • Innovation: Developing combination therapies and next-generation biologics targeting resistant or tough-to-treat populations.
  • Market Diversification: Targeting emerging markets with biosimilars and tailored pricing.
  • Regulatory Engagement: Expanding approvals via accelerated pathways, especially in unmet needs like pediatric IBD or rare indications.

Conclusion

Remicade maintains a pivotal role within the biologic therapeutics landscape, supported by extensive clinical data, long-term safety profiles, and broad indications. Nevertheless, the market is shifting rapidly due to biosimilar competition, healthcare reforms, and evolving therapeutic paradigms. Continued investment in clinical research and strategic market positioning will be essential for Janssen to sustain REMICADE’s relevance and profitability over the next decade.


Key Takeaways

  • Recent clinical trials are enhancing REMICADE’s indication portfolio, especially in pediatric IBD and elderly populations.
  • Biosimilar competition has significantly impacted REMICADE sales, prompting strategic shifts toward combination therapies and expanded indications.
  • The global biologics market for autoimmune disorders is robust, with REMICADE positioned as a leading product, though facing downward pressure on prices and market share.
  • Forecasts suggest a gradual decline in REMICADE’s sales but sustained relevance through innovation, geographic expansion, and pipeline development.
  • Healthcare trend toward personalized medicine and value-based care will influence REMICADE’s utilization strategies.

FAQs

1. What are the primary indications for REMICADE?
Remicade is approved for rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis.

2. How are biosimilars impacting REMICADE’s market share?
Biosimilars like Inflectra and Renflexis have introduced cost-effective alternatives, leading to substantial price competition and declining sales of the originator biologic.

3. Are there new clinical trials that could expand REMICADE’s use?
Yes, ongoing trials are exploring new indications, including pediatric IBD, elderly patients, and potentially novel combination therapies, which may extend REMICADE’s market reach.

4. What is the projected global sales trend for REMICADE?
Sales are expected to decline gradually, from approximately $8.2 billion in 2022 to around $6.2 billion by 2030, driven by biosimilar uptake and competitive therapies.

5. What strategic measures is Janssen pursuing to maintain REMICADE’s relevance?
Janssen is focusing on pipeline expansion, biosimilar development, geographic growth, and exploring new therapeutic contexts to sustain product value in a competitive landscape.


References

[1] Market Data Forecast. Biologics Market Size & Growth Trends (2022-2030).

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