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Last Updated: December 16, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR ENBREL


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Biosimilar Clinical Trials for ENBREL

This table shows clinical trials for biosimilars. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT01891864 ↗ Study to Demonstrate Equivalent Efficacy and to Compare Safety of Biosimilar Etanercept (GP2015) and Enbrel Completed Hexal AG Phase 3 2013-06-01 The purpose of this study is to demonstrate equivalent efficacy of GP2015 and Enbrel® in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis with respect to PASI 75 response rate at Week 12.
NCT01891864 ↗ Study to Demonstrate Equivalent Efficacy and to Compare Safety of Biosimilar Etanercept (GP2015) and Enbrel Completed Sandoz Phase 3 2013-06-01 The purpose of this study is to demonstrate equivalent efficacy of GP2015 and Enbrel® in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis with respect to PASI 75 response rate at Week 12.
NCT03273088 ↗ Pharmacokinetic, Safety and Tolerability Study of Altebrel in Healthy Male Subjects Completed AryoGen Pharmed Co. Phase 1 2016-12-04 This study aims to demonstrate pharmacokinetic (PK) similarity of biosimilar candidate Altebrel relative to etanercept reference product (Enbrel®) and evaluate safety and tolerability of Altebrel, in a crossover fashion in healthy male volunteers after administration of a single dose (25 mg) of etanercept. The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate that the PK of Altebrel is similar to its originator, Enbrel®, as assessed by the area under the serum concentration time curve (AUC) from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) and the Cmax. The secondary objectives of the study are: To further compare the PK of Altebrel and Enbrel®. To assess the safety of Altebrel.
NCT06392074 ↗ A Study Investigating the Safety, Absorption, and Elimination of MB04, a New Compound That May Potentially be Used in the Treatment of Autoimmune Disorders COMPLETED mAbxience Research S.L. PHASE1 2024-03-07 This is a randomized, double-blind, three-part, two-sequence per part, two-period, single-dose, cross-over study in healthy male volunteers to compare the PK, safety, and immunogenicity of MB04 and EU /US Enbrel®. During the course of the study, the similarity in pharmacokinetics will be assessed by sampling the levels of drug in the blood, and by comparing these levels among the different administration arms. Safety, tolerability, and immunologic response to the administered drugs will also be evaluated throughout.
NCT06596772 ↗ A Study to Compare Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Immunogenicity of MB04 [proposed Etanercept Biosimilar] to Enbrel® [EU-sourced] in Rheumatoid Arthritis RECRUITING mAbxience Research S.L. PHASE3 2024-10-03 A study to compare efficacy, pharmacokinetics, safety and immunogenicity of MB04 \[proposed etanercept biosimilar\] to Enbrel® \[EU-sourced\] in rheumatoid arthritis
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for ENBREL

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00000433 ↗ Blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor in Ankylosing Spondylitis Completed National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Phase 2 1999-10-01 The Division of Rheumatology at University of California San Francisco is conducting a research study on the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with a new therapy currently used for people with other forms of arthritis. The drug, called Enbrel (or etanercept), is a protein that is given twice weekly by injection underneath the skin. It blocks the action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a substance that may be involved in AS, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions. We will randomly assign patients to receive either the drug or a placebo (inactive treatment) for 4 months. The results we will monitor include morning stiffness, spinal mobility, activities of daily life, and safety of the drug.
NCT00001862 ↗ TNRF:Fc to Treat Eye Inflammation in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Completed National Eye Institute (NEI) Phase 2 1999-02-01 This study will investigate the safety and effectiveness of the drug TNFR:Fc to treat uveitis (eye inflammation) in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In other studies, TNFR:Fc significantly reduced joint pain and swelling in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the Food and Drug Administration has approved the drug for that use. Because medicines for arthritis often help patients with eye inflammation, this study will examine whether TNFR:Fc can help patients with uveitis. Patients with uveitis who are not responding well to standard treatment, such as steroids, and patients who have side effects from other medicines used to treat their uveitis or have refused treatment because of possible side effects may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and eye examination. The eye exam includes a check of vision and eye pressure, examination of the back of the eye (retina), and front of the eye, including measurements of protein and inflammation. Candidates will also undergo fluorescein angiography-a procedure in which photographs are taken of the retina to see if there is any leakage in the eye's blood vessels. A blood test and joint evaluation will also be done. Study participants will be given a shot of TNFR:Fc twice a week for up to 12 months and may continue other medicines they may be taking, such as prednisone or methotrexate. They will have follow-up examinations at week two and months one, two, three and four. Those who wish to continue treatment after the fourth month can receive the drug for another eight months and will have follow-up exams at months six, nine and 12, and one month after treatment ends. Each follow-up visit will include a repeat of the screening exams and an evaluation of side effects or discomfort from the medicine.
NCT00001893 ↗ Study of TNFR:Fc (Enbrel) in the Treatment of Asthma Completed National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Phase 2 1999-08-17 The proposed study is a phase II clinical trial of TNFR:Fc therapy in a segmental allergen bronchoprovocation model of atopic asthma. The goal of this study is to assess whether inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) bioactivity can attenuate airway inflammation in mild-to-moderate allergic asthmatics. This protocol will utilize a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design. TNF bioactivity will be inhibited via systemic administration (e.g., subcutaneous injection) of a dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the 75-kilodalton TNF receptor linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (TNFR:Fc, Immunex). The data generated by this study will address the utility of anti-TNF therapy for patients with asthma.
NCT00001901 ↗ Etanercept to Treat Wegener's Granulomatosis Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 2 1999-02-01 This study will examine the use of etanercept (also called Enbrel or TNFR:Fc) in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, a type of vasculitis (blood vessel inflammation). Wegener's granulomatosis may affect many parts of the body, including the brain, nerves, eyes, sinuses, lungs, kidneys, intestinal tract, skin, joints, heart, and other sites. Generally, the greater the disease involvement, the more life-threatening it is. Standard treatment is a combination of prednisone and a cytotoxic agent-usually cyclophosphamide or methotrexate. However, many patients treated with this regimen have a disease relapse, and others cannot take these drugs because of severe side effects. This study will evaluate etanercept's safety and effectiveness, and particularly its value in reducing the need for prednisone and preventing disease relapse. The Food and Drug Administration has approved etanercept for treating rheumatoid arthritis, another inflammatory disease. The drug works by blocking the activity of TNF-a protein made by white blood cells that is involved in the inflammatory process. Since prednisone also affects inflammatory proteins and lowers TNF production, the use of etanercept may reduce the need for prednisone in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, and thus the risk of its side effects. Patients between 10 and 70 years of age with Wegener's granulomatosis who have never taken prednisone, methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, or have taken these drugs for less than 3 weeks may be eligible for this study. Participants will have a medical history review and physical examination, including laboratory studies. If medically indicated, X-rays, consultations and biopsies (surgical removal of a small tissue sample) of affected organs will also be done. All patients will begin treatment with prednisone, methotrexate and etanercept. Those who improve on this regimen will stop prednisone gradually over 3 months. Those who achieve disease remission at the end of another 3 months will be randomly assigned to either continue taking etanercept and methotrexate for another 12 months or to stop etanercept and continue only methotrexate for the next 12 months (after which methotrexate will gradually be stopped). Patients who are not in remission by the 6-month point will continue taking etanercept until they go into remission, when they will be assigned to stop or not stop etanercept, as described above. Patients who do not achieve remission within 12 months of beginning treatment will be taken off the study. Patients who have a disease relapse while on the study will likely be switched to treatment with prednisone and either methotrexate or cyclophosphamide. Patients randomized to stop etanercept and who have a relapse within a year of stopping the drug may be offered re-treatment on this protocol, but with continuing etanercept for a full year after remission. Patients will be evaluated in the outpatient clinic every 2 to 4 weeks for the first 4 months and every 1 to 3 months after that. Patients whose disease is in remission and who stop all medications will be followed every 3 to 6 months for 2 years. Follow-up evaluations include a physical examination, blood draws and, if medically indicated, X-rays. The total study duration is 60 to 70 months.
NCT00001954 ↗ Etanercept Therapy for Sjogren's Syndrome Completed National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Phase 2 1999-12-01 This study will test the effectiveness of etanercept (Enbrel) for treating Sjogren's syndrome-an autoimmune disease that affects the secreting glands. (In autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.) Reduced lacrimal (tear) gland function causes dry eyes with a scratchy sensation, and, in severe cases, vision be may impaired. Reduced salivary gland function causes dry mouth, resulting in greatly increased tooth decay. Dry mouth also makes chewing and swallowing difficult, which may lead to nutrition deficiencies. Sjogren's syndrome can also cause dryness of the skin and of mucous membranes in the nose, throat, airways, and vagina. Patients with Sjogren's syndrome who have had oral and eye examinations under NIDCR's protocol 84-D-0056 may participate in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either etanercept or placebo (an inactive look-alike substance) by injection under the skin twice a week for 3 months. Patients will be seen for evaluation before treatment begins (baseline) and again at 1, 3, and 4 months. The baseline and 3-month visits include a physical examination, eye examination, saliva collection from salivary glands, blood tests, and evaluation for changes in symptoms and treatment side effects. The 1- and 4-month visits include saliva collection, blood tests, and review of symptoms and treatment side effects. In addition, blood will be drawn every 2 weeks for safety monitoring. Patients will also be surveyed weekly (by telephone or during the clinic visit) about symptoms and treatment side effects. The Food and Drug Administration has approved Enbrel for treating certain forms of arthritis, which, like Sjogren's syndrome, are autoimmune disorders of the connective tissue. Laboratory studies also indicate that etanercept may be an effective treatment for Sjogren's syndrome.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for ENBREL

Condition Name

Condition Name for ENBREL
Intervention Trials
Rheumatoid Arthritis 53
Psoriasis 27
Ankylosing Spondylitis 12
Arthritis, Rheumatoid 10
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for ENBREL
Intervention Trials
Arthritis 85
Arthritis, Rheumatoid 72
Psoriasis 38
Spondylitis, Ankylosing 17
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Clinical Trial Locations for ENBREL

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for ENBREL
Location Trials
United States 521
Canada 77
United Kingdom 40
Spain 38
Germany 30
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for ENBREL
Location Trials
California 35
New York 28
Texas 27
Maryland 26
Michigan 25
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Clinical Trial Progress for ENBREL

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for ENBREL
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE3 1
PHASE1 1
Phase 4 50
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for ENBREL
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 132
Terminated 21
Unknown status 19
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for ENBREL

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for ENBREL
Sponsor Trials
Amgen 49
Pfizer 30
Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer 15
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for ENBREL
Sponsor Trials
Other 165
Industry 154
NIH 23
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projections for ENBREL

Last updated: November 2, 2025


Introduction

ENBREL (etanercept), a biologic tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor, has been a pivotal treatment for autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis. Since its approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998, ENBREL has maintained a significant market presence. This article provides a detailed update on ongoing and completed clinical trials, a comprehensive market analysis, and future projection insights to inform stakeholders involved in the pharmaceutical landscape.


Clinical Trials Update

Ongoing and Recent Clinical Trials

Numerous clinical trials continue to evaluate ENBREL's efficacy, safety, and expanded therapeutic indications. A salient focus has been on its utility in treating children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), as well as exploring its role in novel autoimmune or inflammatory conditions.

  • Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA):
    Current Phase III trials (e.g., NCT03517793) are assessing long-term safety and efficacy in pediatric populations. The trials aim to extend ENBREL's approval to younger age groups, emphasizing safety profiles similar to adult indications.

  • Psoriatic Disease and Axial Spondyloarthritis:
    New trials evaluate the comparative benefits of ENBREL versus other biologics, such as adalimumab and infliximab, with endpoints including disease activity scores and patient-reported outcomes.

  • Combination Therapies:
    Investigations exploring ENBREL combined with methotrexate or leflunomide aim to optimize therapeutic strategies, especially for patients refractory to single-agent therapy.

  • Innovative Delivery & Biosimilars:
    Trials are examining subcutaneous formulations' durability and biosimilar versions’ interchangeability, critically affecting market competition.

Regulatory Approvals & Updates

The FDA approved ENBREL for pediatric use in JIA in 2019, opening new market opportunities. Elsewhere, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has continued to endorse ENBREL’s use across multiple indications, maintaining its regulatory standing globally.

Safety & Post-Marketing Surveillance

Ongoing postsafety monitoring, including studies published recently in The Journal of Rheumatology, reinforce ENBREL’s established safety profile, with cautions around infection risks and rare demyelinating events. New data are also evaluating its long-term impact on malignancy risks and cardiovascular outcomes.


Market Analysis

Historical Market Position

Since its launch, ENBREL has dominated the biologic TNF inhibitor segment, particularly in the United States and Europe. In 2021, the sales revenue for ENBREL was approximately $4.1 billion, accounting for roughly 25% of the global TNF inhibitor market, which was valued at around $16 billion[1].

Competitive Landscape

ENBREL faces competition from:

  • Humira (adalimumab): Currently the best-selling biologic, with revenues exceeding $21 billion in 2021. Its broader indication spectrum and extensive global marketing have challenged ENBREL’s market share.
  • Certolizumab (Cimzia): A rival with strong efficacy in RA and Crohn’s disease.
  • Biosimilars: The launch of biosimilar versions of ENBREL in Europe (e.g., Benepali) has significantly reduced pricing power, especially in Europe, where biosimilars account for more than 50% of biologic prescriptions for RA.

Market Dynamics & Pricing

The biologic market increasingly shifts toward biosimilars, leading to price erosion. ENBREL’s list prices have decreased by an average of 20-25% in key markets owing to biosimilar competition and payor negotiations. Nevertheless, its long-standing efficacy and safety profile sustain physician and patient preference, particularly in markets where biosimilars are less prevalent.

Emerging Trends

  • Patient Preference & Formulations:
    More patient-friendly devices and formulations (e.g., prefilled syringes) enhance adherence.
  • Market Penetration in Developing Regions:
    Expansion into emerging markets remains a priority, with increased access programs and pricing strategies.

Market Forecast (2023-2030)

The global ENBREL market is projected to decline modestly at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately -2% to -3%, primarily due to biosimilar erosion. However, revenues are expected to stabilize around $2.5 billion to $3 billion globally by 2030, sustained by new indications, continued patent expirations in some regions, and incremental improvements in formulation and delivery.


Future Projections & Strategic Insights

  • Pipeline & New Indications:
    The ongoing trials for juvenile and adult autoimmune conditions could extend ENBREL’s lifecycle, especially if regulatory approvals are secured based on positive trial outcomes.

  • Market Expansion:
    Focused efforts in emerging markets and pediatric populations could create new revenue streams.

  • Lifecycle Management:
    Companies are investing in biosimilars, combination regimens, and personalized medicine approaches. ENBREL’s owners might explore conjunctions or licensing agreements to sustain profitability.

  • Regulatory & Policy Environment:
    Price reforms and biosimilar policies in regions like the European Union and the U.S. will influence market dynamics significantly. Increased emphasis on biosimilar interchangeability and pharmacist substitution could lower barriers and costs.


Key Takeaways

  1. Clinical Developmentstreamlines indicate that ENBREL remains relevant through ongoing trials in pediatric populations and exploring combination therapies, promising extended indications.
  2. Market share is declining due to biosimilar competition, with prices and revenues decreasing accordingly.
  3. Emerging markets and expanded pediatric use represent growth opportunities, subject to successful regulatory approvals.
  4. Biosimilar proliferation will continue to challenge ENBREL’s profitability, necessitating strategic lifecycle management.
  5. Future valuation depends on regulatory outcomes, in-market performance, and the evolution of biosimilar policies globally.

FAQs

Q1: What are the primary indications for ENBREL currently?
A: ENBREL is approved for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, plaque psoriasis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis.

Q2: How do biosimilars impact ENBREL’s market share?
A: Biosimilar versions, especially in Europe, have led to price reductions and decreased market share for the originator, often capturing more than 50% of prescriptions in certain regions.

Q3: Are there any recent safety concerns with ENBREL?
A: Overall, ENBREL maintains a strong safety profile; however, risks of serious infections, demyelinating disorders, and rare malignancies continue to warrant monitoring.

Q4: What new clinical trials could influence ENBREL’s future?
A: Trials focusing on pediatric JIA, new autoimmune indications, and biosimilar interchangeability could expand its therapeutic footprint or affect its market outlook.

Q5: What strategic moves are pharmaceutical companies implementing around ENBREL?
A: Companies are expanding biosimilar pipelines, exploring combination treatments, and enhancing formulations and delivery systems to maintain competitiveness.


References

[1] Evaluate Pharma. 2022 Global Biologic Market Report.
[2] FDA. ENBREL (etanercept) Approval History.
[3] The Journal of Rheumatology. Post-marketing safety data review, 2022.
[4] IQVIA. Biologic Market Analysis, 2022.


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