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Last Updated: March 28, 2024

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kalydeco Drug Patent Profile


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When do Kalydeco patents expire, and when can generic versions of Kalydeco launch?

Kalydeco is a drug marketed by Vertex Pharms Inc and Vertex Pharms and is included in two NDAs. There are thirteen patents protecting this drug and two Paragraph IV challenges.

This drug has two hundred and fifty-one patent family members in thirty-two countries.

The generic ingredient in KALYDECO is ivacaftor. There are three drug master file entries for this compound. One supplier is listed for this compound. Additional details are available on the ivacaftor profile page.

DrugPatentWatch® Generic Entry Outlook for Kalydeco

Kalydeco was eligible for patent challenges on January 31, 2016.

By analyzing the patents and regulatory protections it appears that the earliest date for generic entry will be August 13, 2029. This may change due to patent challenges or generic licensing.

There has been one patent litigation case involving the patents protecting this drug, indicating strong interest in generic launch. Recent data indicate that 63% of patent challenges are decided in favor of the generic patent challenger and that 54% of successful patent challengers promptly launch generic drugs.

There is one tentative approval for the generic drug (ivacaftor), which indicates the potential for near-term generic launch.

Indicators of Generic Entry

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Drug patent expirations by year for kalydeco
Drug Prices for kalydeco

See drug prices for kalydeco

DrugPatentWatch® Estimated Loss of Exclusivity (LOE) Date for kalydeco
Generic Entry Dates for kalydeco*:
Constraining patent/regulatory exclusivity:
NDA:
Dosage:
GRANULE;ORAL
Generic Entry Dates for kalydeco*:
Constraining patent/regulatory exclusivity:
NDA:
Dosage:
TABLET;ORAL

*The generic entry opportunity date is the latter of the last compound-claiming patent and the last regulatory exclusivity protection. Many factors can influence early or later generic entry. This date is provided as a rough estimate of generic entry potential and should not be used as an independent source.

Recent Clinical Trials for kalydeco

Identify potential brand extensions & 505(b)(2) entrants

SponsorPhase
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Phase 2
University of MiamiEarly Phase 1
University of Kansas Medical CenterEarly Phase 1

See all kalydeco clinical trials

Paragraph IV (Patent) Challenges for KALYDECO
Tradename Dosage Ingredient Strength NDA ANDAs Submitted Submissiondate
KALYDECO Oral Granules ivacaftor 25 mg, 50 mg and 75 mg 207925 1 2022-04-13
KALYDECO Tablets ivacaftor 150 mg 203188 1 2020-06-10

US Patents and Regulatory Information for kalydeco

kalydeco is protected by thirty-two US patents and seven FDA Regulatory Exclusivities.

Based on analysis by DrugPatentWatch, the earliest date for a generic version of kalydeco is ⤷  Try a Trial.

This potential generic entry date is based on patent ⤷  Try a Trial.

Generics may enter earlier, or later, based on new patent filings, patent extensions, patent invalidation, early generic licensing, generic entry preferences, and other factors.

Patents protecting kalydeco

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 6 MONTHS TO

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO


Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO


Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO


Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 6 YEARS AND OLDER WHO HAS ONE MUTATION IN THE CFTR GENE THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA USING THE COMPOSITION RECITED IN CLAIM 1 OF US 11564916


Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: METHOD OF TREATING CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: METHOD OF TREATING A PATIENT HAVING CYSTIC FIBROSIS, SUCH AS A PATIENT HAVING A G551D MUTATION IN CFTR, USING N-(5-HYDROXY-2,4-DI-TERT-BUTYL-PHENYL)-4-OXO-1H-QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 6 MONTHS TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: METHOD OF TREATING CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: METHOD OF TREATING A PATIENT HAVING CYSTIC FIBROSIS, THE PATIENT HAVING A R117H MUTATION IN CFTR, USING N-(5-HYDROXY-2,4-DI-TERT-BUTYL-PHENYL)-4-OXO-1H-QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 6 MONTHS TO

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF A MODERATE TO MILD CLINICAL PHENOTYPE OF CF USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: USE OF IVACAFTOR FOR TREATING CYSTIC FIBROSIS IN A PATIENT WITH A MILD TO MODERATE CF PHENOTYPE WITH AT LEAST ONE MUTATION IN THE CFTR GENE THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF A MODERATE TO MILD CLINICAL PHENOTYPE OF CF USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO

Modulators of ATP-binding cassette transporters
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF A MODERATE MILD CLINICAL PHENOTYPE OF CF USING IVACAFTOR IN A PATIENT AGE 6 MONTHS TO

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Pharmaceutical composition and administrations thereof
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 1 MONTH TO

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: METHOD OF TREATING CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 4 MONTHS TO

Solid forms of N-[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- -3-carboxamide
Patent Number: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patent Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial
Patented Use: TREATMENT OF CF IN A PATIENT AGE 6 MONTHS TO < 6 YEARS WHO HAS ONE CFTR MUTATION RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA USING A SOLID COMPOSITION COMPRISING AMORPHOUS (LESS THAN ABOUT 30% CRYSTALLINE) IVACAFTOR

FDA Regulatory Exclusivity protecting kalydeco

THE TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IN PATIENTS 1 MONTH TO LESS THAN 4 MONTHS OF AGE WHO HAVE AT LEAST ONE MUTATION IN THE CFTR GENE THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR POTENTIATION BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

NEW PATIENT POPULATION
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IN PATIENTS AGE 6 MONTHS TO LESS THAN 12 MONTHS WHO HAVE ONE MUTATION IN THE CFTR GENE THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR POTENTIATION BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

TX OF CF IN PTS 2 YRS AND OLDER WHO HAVE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING MUTATIONS IN THE CFTR GENE: E56K, P67L, R74W, D110E, D110H, R117C, E193K, L206W, R347H, R352Q, A455E, D579G, S945L, S977F, F1052V, K1060T, A1067T, G1069R, R1070Q, R1070W, F1074L, D1152H, D1270N
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

THE TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IN PATIENTS AGE 12 MONTHS AND OLDER WHO HAVE ONE MUTATION IN THE CFTR GENE THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR POTENTIATION BASED ON CLINICAL AND/OR IN VITRO ASSAY DATA
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IN PATIENTS AGE 2 YEARS AND OLDER WHO HAVE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING MUTATIONS IN THE CFTR GENE: 711+3A-G, E831X, 2789+5G-A, 3272-26A-G, AND 3849+10KBC-T
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

FOR THE TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IN PATIENTS AGE 4 MONTHS AND OLDER WHO HAVE ONE OF THE ADDITIONAL MUTATIONS IN THE CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR (CFTR) GENE THAT HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AS RESPONSIVE TO IVACAFTOR POTENTIATION BASED ON IN VITRO DATA AND IDENTIFIED IN THE APPROVAL ON DECEMBER 21, 2020
Exclusivity Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Applicant Tradename Generic Name Dosage NDA Approval Date TE Type RLD RS Patent No. Patent Expiration Product Substance Delist Req. Exclusivity Expiration
Vertex Pharms Inc KALYDECO ivacaftor GRANULE;ORAL 207925-001 Mar 17, 2015 RX Yes No ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial Y Y ⤷  Try a Trial
Vertex Pharms Inc KALYDECO ivacaftor GRANULE;ORAL 207925-002 Mar 17, 2015 RX Yes Yes ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial
Vertex Pharms Inc KALYDECO ivacaftor GRANULE;ORAL 207925-003 Apr 29, 2019 RX Yes No ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial
Vertex Pharms Inc KALYDECO ivacaftor GRANULE;ORAL 207925-002 Mar 17, 2015 RX Yes Yes ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial
Vertex Pharms KALYDECO ivacaftor TABLET;ORAL 203188-001 Jan 31, 2012 RX Yes Yes ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial Y Y ⤷  Try a Trial
Vertex Pharms Inc KALYDECO ivacaftor GRANULE;ORAL 207925-003 Apr 29, 2019 RX Yes No ⤷  Try a Trial ⤷  Try a Trial Y Y ⤷  Try a Trial
>Applicant >Tradename >Generic Name >Dosage >NDA >Approval Date >TE >Type >RLD >RS >Patent No. >Patent Expiration >Product >Substance >Delist Req. >Exclusivity Expiration

EU/EMA Drug Approvals for kalydeco

Company Drugname Inn Product Number / Indication Status Generic Biosimilar Orphan Marketing Authorisation Marketing Refusal
Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Ireland) Limited Kalydeco ivacaftor EMEA/H/C/002494
Kalydeco tablets are indicated:As monotherapy for the treatment of adults, adolescents, and children aged 6 years and older and weighing 25 kg or more with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have an R117H CFTR mutation or one of the following gating (class III) mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene: G551D, G1244E, G1349D, G178R, G551S, S1251N, S1255P, S549N or S549R (see sections 4.4 and 5.1).In a combination regimen with tezacaftor/ivacaftor tablets for the treatment of adults, adolescents, and children aged 6 years and older with cystic fibrosis (CF) who are homozygous for the F508del mutation or who are heterozygous for the F508del mutation and have one of the following mutations in the CFTR gene: P67L, R117C, L206W, R352Q, A455E, D579G, 711+3A→G, S945L, S977F, R1070W, D1152H, 2789+5G→A, 3272 26A→G, and 3849+10kbC→T.In a combination regimen with ivacaftor/tezacaftor/elexacaftor tablets for the treatment of adults, adolescents, and children aged 6 years and older with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have at least one F508del mutation in the CFTR gene (see section 5.1).Kalydeco granules are indicated for the treatment of infants aged at least 4 months, toddlers and children weighing 5 kg to less than 25 kg with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have an R117H CFTR mutation or one of the following gating (class III) mutations in the CFTR gene: G551D, G1244E, G1349D, G178R, G551S, S1251N, S1255P, S549N or S549R (see sections 4.4 and 5.1).
Authorised no no no 2012-07-23
>Company >Drugname >Inn >Product Number / Indication >Status >Generic >Biosimilar >Orphan >Marketing Authorisation >Marketing Refusal

International Patents for kalydeco

When does loss-of-exclusivity occur for kalydeco?

Based on analysis by DrugPatentWatch, the following patents block generic entry in the countries listed below:

Australia

Patent: 13226076
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Brazil

Patent: 2014021090
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Canada

Patent: 65519
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

China

Patent: 4470518
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 9966264
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

European Patent Office

Patent: 19670
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Hong Kong

Patent: 03840
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 05690
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Israel

Patent: 4307
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 5430
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Japan

Patent: 34041
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 15511583
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 17190356
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Mexico

Patent: 14010253
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

New Zealand

Patent: 9199
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Russian Federation

Patent: 92779
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 14139006
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Patent: 19116577
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

South Africa

Patent: 1406233
Estimated Expiration: ⤷  Try a Trial

Generics may enter earlier, or later, based on new patent filings, patent extensions, patent invalidation, early generic licensing, generic entry preferences, and other factors.

See the table below for additional patents covering kalydeco around the world.

Country Patent Number Title Estimated Expiration
Japan 2014156468 MODULATORS OF ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS ⤷  Try a Trial
Norway 2328618 ⤷  Try a Trial
Serbia 56037 MODULATORI ATP-VEZUJUĆIH KASETNIH TRANSPORTERA (MODULATORS OF ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS) ⤷  Try a Trial
Australia 2016216569 PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION AND ADMINISTRATIONS THEREOF ⤷  Try a Trial
Portugal 2489659 ⤷  Try a Trial
South Korea 20110042356 PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION AND ADMINISTRATIONS THEREOF ⤷  Try a Trial
>Country >Patent Number >Title >Estimated Expiration

Supplementary Protection Certificates for kalydeco

Patent Number Supplementary Protection Certificate SPC Country SPC Expiration SPC Description
2826776 132021000000062 Italy ⤷  Try a Trial PRODUCT NAME: UNA COMBINAZIONE DI (A) TEZACAFTOR O UN SUO SALE FARMACEUTICAMENTE ACCETTABILE E (B) IVACAFTOR O UN SUO SALE FARMACEUTICAMENTE ACCETTABILE(SYMKEVI); AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S) AND DATE(S): EU/1/18/1306, 20181106
3170818 SPC/GB20/041 United Kingdom ⤷  Try a Trial PRODUCT NAME: A COMBINATION OF (A) 3-(6-(1-(2,2-DIFLUOROBENZO(D)(1,3)DIOXOL-5-YL)CYCLOPROPANECARBOXAMIDO)-3-METHYLPYRIDIN-2-YL)BENZOIC ACID (I.E. LUMACAFTOR) AND (B) N-(5-HYDROXY-2,4-DITERT-BUTYL-PHENYL)-4-OXO-1H-QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE (I.E. IVACAFTOR) OR A PHARMACEUT; REGISTERED: UK EU/1/15/1059(NI) 20151124; UK PLGB 22352/0004 20151124
1773816 617 Finland ⤷  Try a Trial
3170818 C03170818/01 Switzerland ⤷  Try a Trial PRODUCT NAME: IVACAFTOR + LUMACAFTOR; REGISTRATION NO/DATE: SWISSMEDIC-ZULASSUNG 65981 02.09.2016
1773816 15C0045 France ⤷  Try a Trial PRODUCT NAME: IVACAFTOR, OU L'UN DE SES SELS PHARMACEUTIQUEMENT ACCEPTABLES; REGISTRATION NO/DATE: EU/1/12/782/001-002 20120725
2826776 2021C/517 Belgium ⤷  Try a Trial PRODUCT NAME: SYMKEVI - TEZACAFTOR/IVACAFTOR; EEN COMBINATIE VAN (A) (R)-1-(2,2-DIFLUOROBENZO(D)(1,3)DIOXOL-5-YL)-N-(1-(2,3-DIHYDROXYPROPYL)-6-FLUORO-2-(1-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPAN-2-YL)-1H-INDOL-5-YL)CYCLOPROPANECARBOXAMIDE OF EEN VANUIT FARMACEUTISCH OOGPUNT GESCHIKT ZOUT DAARVAN EN (B) N-(5-HYDROXY-2,4-DITERT-BUTYL-PHENYL)-4-OXO-1H-QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE OF EEN VANUIT FARMACEUTISCH OOGPUNT GESCHIKT ZOUT DAARVAN; AUTHORISATION NUMBER AND DATE: EU/1/18/1306 20181106
>Patent Number >Supplementary Protection Certificate >SPC Country >SPC Expiration >SPC Description

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Drugs may be covered by multiple patents or regulatory protections. All trademarks and applicant names are the property of their respective owners or licensors. Although great care is taken in the proper and correct provision of this service, thinkBiotech LLC does not accept any responsibility for possible consequences of errors or omissions in the provided data. The data presented herein is for information purposes only. There is no warranty that the data contained herein is error free. thinkBiotech performs no independent verification of facts as provided by public sources nor are attempts made to provide legal or investing advice. Any reliance on data provided herein is done solely at the discretion of the user. Users of this service are advised to seek professional advice and independent confirmation before considering acting on any of the provided information. thinkBiotech LLC reserves the right to amend, extend or withdraw any part or all of the offered service without notice.