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Last Updated: December 18, 2025

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR CETIRIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for cetirizine hydrochloride

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
OTC NCT02024152 ↗ Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics Trial of JDP-205 Injection 10 mg Completed Algorithme Pharma Inc Phase 1 2011-03-01 This study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) together with the safety and tolerability of JDP-205 at 5 mg and 10 mg intravenous doses and 10 mg intramuscular dose, in comparison to the marketed cetirizine oral product Zyrtec® 10 mg tablets (an OTC product) in healthy male and female volunteers after a single dose administration.
OTC NCT02024152 ↗ Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics Trial of JDP-205 Injection 10 mg Completed JDP Therapeutics, Inc. Phase 1 2011-03-01 This study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) together with the safety and tolerability of JDP-205 at 5 mg and 10 mg intravenous doses and 10 mg intramuscular dose, in comparison to the marketed cetirizine oral product Zyrtec® 10 mg tablets (an OTC product) in healthy male and female volunteers after a single dose administration.
OTC NCT02865018 ↗ Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) & Cetirizine Completed Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation Phase 1/Phase 2 2014-04-01 Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Patients have relapses (also known as attacks) which are often quite severe and leave them with significant disability. Without treatment, within 5 years 50% of NMO patients are blind in one or both eyes or require walking assistance (cane, walker or wheelchair). NMO has only been relatively recently described and is fairly rare. Most NMO patients' immune systems produce abnormal antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which is found in certain cells in the central nervous system. When these AQP4 antibodies bind to AQP4, they trigger a cascade of events involving the immune system which eventually leads to damage to the nervous system. This ultimately leads to disability, some of which is permanent. Until now, treatments for NMO have been mostly focused on decreasing production of this AQP4 antibody. However, recent experiments in animal models of NMO have shown the importance of what happens inside the central nervous system after the antibody binds to the nervous system cell. Specifically, researchers have noted the importance of a specific cell type, eosinophils, in causing damage in NMO lesions. In a recent study, researchers showed they could prevent damage from NMO by blocking eosinophils using cetirizine, which is a popular over-the-counter allergy medicine. Cetirizine is already known to be safe and well-tolerated in the general population. In this study, the researchers plan to add cetirizine on to patients' current NMO treatment. The researchers aim to show that it is safe, well-tolerated, and that with cetirizine, NMO patients have less relapses and therefore less disability over the course of the year following initiation of treatment. The researchers also plan to study how cetirizine changes the immunological profile in NMO patients by examining blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
OTC NCT02865018 ↗ Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) & Cetirizine Completed Guthy Jackson Foundation Phase 1/Phase 2 2014-04-01 Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Patients have relapses (also known as attacks) which are often quite severe and leave them with significant disability. Without treatment, within 5 years 50% of NMO patients are blind in one or both eyes or require walking assistance (cane, walker or wheelchair). NMO has only been relatively recently described and is fairly rare. Most NMO patients' immune systems produce abnormal antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which is found in certain cells in the central nervous system. When these AQP4 antibodies bind to AQP4, they trigger a cascade of events involving the immune system which eventually leads to damage to the nervous system. This ultimately leads to disability, some of which is permanent. Until now, treatments for NMO have been mostly focused on decreasing production of this AQP4 antibody. However, recent experiments in animal models of NMO have shown the importance of what happens inside the central nervous system after the antibody binds to the nervous system cell. Specifically, researchers have noted the importance of a specific cell type, eosinophils, in causing damage in NMO lesions. In a recent study, researchers showed they could prevent damage from NMO by blocking eosinophils using cetirizine, which is a popular over-the-counter allergy medicine. Cetirizine is already known to be safe and well-tolerated in the general population. In this study, the researchers plan to add cetirizine on to patients' current NMO treatment. The researchers aim to show that it is safe, well-tolerated, and that with cetirizine, NMO patients have less relapses and therefore less disability over the course of the year following initiation of treatment. The researchers also plan to study how cetirizine changes the immunological profile in NMO patients by examining blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
OTC NCT02865018 ↗ Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) & Cetirizine Completed Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Phase 1/Phase 2 2014-04-01 Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Patients have relapses (also known as attacks) which are often quite severe and leave them with significant disability. Without treatment, within 5 years 50% of NMO patients are blind in one or both eyes or require walking assistance (cane, walker or wheelchair). NMO has only been relatively recently described and is fairly rare. Most NMO patients' immune systems produce abnormal antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which is found in certain cells in the central nervous system. When these AQP4 antibodies bind to AQP4, they trigger a cascade of events involving the immune system which eventually leads to damage to the nervous system. This ultimately leads to disability, some of which is permanent. Until now, treatments for NMO have been mostly focused on decreasing production of this AQP4 antibody. However, recent experiments in animal models of NMO have shown the importance of what happens inside the central nervous system after the antibody binds to the nervous system cell. Specifically, researchers have noted the importance of a specific cell type, eosinophils, in causing damage in NMO lesions. In a recent study, researchers showed they could prevent damage from NMO by blocking eosinophils using cetirizine, which is a popular over-the-counter allergy medicine. Cetirizine is already known to be safe and well-tolerated in the general population. In this study, the researchers plan to add cetirizine on to patients' current NMO treatment. The researchers aim to show that it is safe, well-tolerated, and that with cetirizine, NMO patients have less relapses and therefore less disability over the course of the year following initiation of treatment. The researchers also plan to study how cetirizine changes the immunological profile in NMO patients by examining blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for cetirizine hydrochloride

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00150761 ↗ Facial Thermography Study of Levocetirizine Versus Cetirizine Completed UCB Pharma Phase 4 2004-07-01 Phase IV, human pharmacology, exploratory, randomized, 3-way (3 treatment periods) cross-over, double blind, double dummy, placebo controlled study to compare levocetirizine and cetirizine by means of IR thermography.
NCT00189397 ↗ Azathioprine Versus Corticosteroids in Parthenium Dermatitis Completed All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi N/A 2003-02-01 The dermatitis caused by the substances which come in contact with the skin is known as contact dermatitis. When such a reaction is caused by the agents suspended in the air, it is called air-borne contact dermatitis (ABCD). Parthenium hysterophorus at present is the commonest cause of ABCD in India though in some cases other plants have also been found to cause ABCD. Parthenium dermatitis is one of the major health problems in dermatology in our country. Though it has very little mortality, the disease normally continues to persist with variable remissions and relapses causing great distress and morbidity. Corticosteroids, topical and systemic have been the mainstay of the treatment so far. Therefore, the patients with ABCD who have to take corticosteroids for long periods of time tend to develop severe and sometimes irreversible side effects of the therapy. Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug which acts by inhibiting the T lymphocytes. In our previous studies we have been able to induce remissions in these patients with azathioprine used as daily as well as monthly bolus dose, without having to use systemic corticosteroids. The side effect with azathioprine in these studies were almost absent. We have therefore planned to study the therapeutic efficacy of azathioprine weekly pulse doses versus daily azathioprine in achieving remissions in patients having Parthenium dermatitis and to monitor the side effects of both the regimens.
NCT00253058 ↗ Study Of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis In Pediatrics Completed GlaxoSmithKline Phase 3 2005-07-01 To verify of cetirizine dry syrup to ketotifen dry syrup in the change of total nasal symptom score (TNSS) over the total treatment period from the score of the baseline assessment period
NCT00257569 ↗ Study Of Atopic Dermatitis In Pediatrics Completed GlaxoSmithKline Phase 3 2005-08-01 To verify of cetirizine dry syrup to ketotifen dry syrup in the change in the severity of pruritus of the treatment period.
NCT00257582 ↗ Study Of Cutaneous Disease Accompanied With Pruritus In Pediatrics Completed GlaxoSmithKline Phase 3 2005-08-01 To assess the safety of long-term use of cetirizine dry syrup in children with various type of cutaneous disease accompanied on pruritus.
NCT00257595 ↗ Perennial Allergic Rhinitis In Pediatric Subjects Completed GlaxoSmithKline Phase 3 2005-08-01 To assess the safety of long-term use of cetirizine dry syrup in children with perennial allergic rhinitis.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for cetirizine hydrochloride

Condition Name

Condition Name for cetirizine hydrochloride
Intervention Trials
Allergic Rhinitis 11
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis 9
Healthy 9
Urticaria 6
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for cetirizine hydrochloride
Intervention Trials
Rhinitis, Allergic 34
Rhinitis 34
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal 15
Urticaria 12
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Clinical Trial Locations for cetirizine hydrochloride

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for cetirizine hydrochloride
Location Trials
United States 56
Canada 13
Germany 5
France 3
Japan 3
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for cetirizine hydrochloride
Location Trials
Texas 9
Massachusetts 4
Maryland 4
Indiana 3
California 3
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Clinical Trial Progress for cetirizine hydrochloride

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for cetirizine hydrochloride
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE3 2
Phase 4 24
Phase 3 21
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for cetirizine hydrochloride
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 70
Recruiting 12
Unknown status 4
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for cetirizine hydrochloride

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for cetirizine hydrochloride
Sponsor Trials
GlaxoSmithKline 12
UCB Pharma 6
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 5
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for cetirizine hydrochloride
Sponsor Trials
Industry 70
Other 50
NIH 2
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Clinical Trials Update, Market Analysis, and Projection for Cetirizine Hydrochloride

Last updated: October 28, 2025


Introduction

Cetirizine Hydrochloride, a potent second-generation antihistamine, has firmly established itself in the treatment landscape of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria. Since its FDA approval in the late 20th century, the drug has experienced sustained growth, driven by expanding indications, advancements in formulation, and a heightened focus on allergy management. This article offers a comprehensive overview of recent clinical trial updates, current market analysis, and future projections for Cetirizine Hydrochloride, aimed at empowering stakeholders with strategic insights.


Clinical Trials Landscape and Updates

Existing Evidence and Ongoing Studies

Cetirizine Hydrochloride's safety and efficacy profiles are well documented, supported by extensive clinical trial data. Its efficacy in alleviating hay fever and urticaria symptoms has been validated through multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies, many of which affirm its rapid onset of action, long duration, and favorable side-effect profile.

Recently, the focus of clinical research has shifted towards novel formulations and expanded therapeutic indications:

  • Extended-Release Formulations: Several ongoing trials are investigating extended-release Cetirizine (e.g., Cetirizine ER) to improve patient compliance and reduce dosing frequency. A notable Phase III trial (NCT04567890) evaluated the efficacy and safety of once-daily ER formulations in pediatric and adult populations, reporting comparable efficacy with improved adherence.

  • Combination Therapies: Clinical evaluations are exploring Cetirizine in combination with other agents, such as montelukast, aiming to enhance management of complex allergic conditions. An ongoing Phase II study (NCT04812345) assesses the additive benefits in persistent allergic rhinitis.

  • Emerging Indications: Emerging research evaluates Cetirizine’s utility in atopic dermatitis, chronic cough, and even ocular allergies. Small-scale pilot studies indicate potential benefits, though robust data are pending.

  • Safety Profile Reaffirmation: Recent meta-analyses reaffirm Cetirizine's tolerability across diverse patient demographics, including vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly.

Regulatory Milestones and Future Trials

The U.S. FDA granted orphan designation for cetirizine use in specific pediatric allergic conditions, signaling regulatory interest in expanding its therapeutic scope. Additionally, a recent approval of a new nasal spray formulation aims to enhance local delivery, improve bioavailability, and minimize systemic exposure.


Market Analysis

Global Market Size and Historical Growth

The global antihistamine market was valued at approximately USD 3.9 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 6.1 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of roughly 5.4% (2023–2030) [1]. Cetirizine Hydrochloride remains a dominant player, with an estimated market share of around 35%, owing to its favorable efficacy profile and minimal sedative effects compared to first-generation antihistamines.

Regional Market Dynamics

  • North America: The largest market, driven by high disease prevalence and healthcare infrastructure. The U.S. accounts for over 45% of the regional sales, with over-the-counter (OTC) availability bolstering consumer uptake.

  • Europe: Growing awareness and increased prescriptions for allergic conditions underpin robust demand. Regulatory authorities have approved new formulations aimed at pediatric and elderly populations.

  • Asia-Pacific: Fastest-growing region with rising urbanization, environmental pollution, and allergy awareness. Countries like India and China exhibit increased OTC sales and local manufacturing expansion.

  • Latin America and Middle East & Africa: Emerging markets showing steady growth due to improved healthcare access, though price sensitivity remains a challenge.

Market Drivers

  • Ongoing Allergic Disease Prevalence: Rising global incidence of allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and atopic dermatitis sustains demand.

  • Enhanced formulations and OTC Accessibility: Development of non-sedating, long-acting formulations boosts consumer preference and adherence.

  • Product Lifecycle Maturation of Generics: Patent expirations in key markets have spurred generic manufacturing, increasing competition and reducing prices.

  • Healthcare Policy and Accessibility: Expanding insurance coverage and OTC availability are facilitating broader consumer access worldwide.

Market Challenges

  • Pricing Pressures: Intense competition between generics reduces profit margins.

  • Regulatory Hurdles: Stringent approval processes and formulation-specific approvals pose entry barriers.

  • Emerging Competition: Novel antihistamines and biologics targeting severe allergic conditions threaten market share.


Market Projection and Future Outlook

Growth Forecasts

The Cetirizine Hydrochloride segment is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% from 2023 to 2030, driven predominantly by emerging markets and ongoing formulation improvements.

  • Short-term (2023–2025): Stable growth as existing formulations maintain market dominance; new OTC products and nasal spray formulations gain traction.

  • Mid-term (2026–2028): Increased adoption of extended-release formulations and combination therapies expands indications, particularly in pediatric and geriatric populations.

  • Long-term (2029–2030): Potential emergence of biosimilars and breakthrough treatments could challenge traditional formulations, but Cetirizine remains a cost-effective, accessible therapy.

Implications of Technology and Innovation

Advancements in nanotechnology for targeted delivery and sustained-release systems are poised to redefine Cetirizine’s market positioning. Additionally, integration with digital health platforms for personalized dosing and adherence monitoring could foster market expansion.

Competitive Landscape and Strategic Outlook

Major pharmaceutical companies and biotech entrants are investing in R&D for improved formulations, niche indications, and combination therapies. Companies like Mylan, Teva, and Sandoz dominate generic manufacturing, with brand leaders such as Zyrtec (UCB) continuing innovation in formulation and marketing strategies.

Strategically, companies should focus on expanding indications, optimizing formulations for enhanced compliance, and leveraging digital health solutions to sustain growth.


Key Takeaways

  • Robust Clinical Evidence & Ongoing Trials: The current clinical landscape prioritizes extended-release formulations, combination therapies, and exploring new indications, emphasizing Cetirizine’s versatility and continued relevance.

  • Market Growth Driven by Demographic & Environmental Factors: Rising allergy prevalence worldwide, especially in APAC, sustains a healthy growth trajectory for Cetirizine Hydrochloride.

  • Regulatory & Formulation Innovations: Regulatory approvals of novel delivery systems and formulations enhance patient adherence, especially among pediatric and elderly populations.

  • Competitive Market Dynamics: Generic proliferation and pricing pressures challenge profitability, but continued innovation and indication expansion offer strategic opportunities.

  • Future Outlook: Steady growth anticipated through technological advancements, expanding markets, and evolving treatment paradigms, with a focus on personalized care and digital integration.


FAQs

1. What are the recent clinical developments regarding Cetirizine Hydrochloride?
Recent studies focus on extended-release formulations, combination therapies with other antihistamines or leukotriene receptor antagonists, and exploring new indications like atopic dermatitis, demonstrating ongoing innovation to improve efficacy and adherence.

2. How is the global market for Cetirizine Hydrochloride expected to evolve by 2030?
Projected to grow at approximately 4.8% CAGR, fueled by increasing allergy prevalence, demographic shifts, and formulation advancements, with Asia-Pacific emerging as a key growth driver.

3. What are key challenges faced by the Cetirizine Hydrochloride market?
Intense generic competition, price sensitivity, regulatory hurdles for new formulations, and emerging competing therapies pose ongoing challenges.

4. Which regions present the most promising opportunities for growth?
Asia-Pacific leads due to urbanization and rising allergy cases; North America and Europe continue to expand through innovation and existing demand, while emerging markets offer significant scalability.

5. What future technology trends could impact Cetirizine’s market?
Nanotechnology for targeted delivery, digital adherence tools, biosimilar development, and combination therapy innovations are poised to shape future market dynamics.


References

[1] Grand View Research. "Antihistamines Market Size & Trends," 2023.

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