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Last Updated: April 2, 2026

CLINICAL TRIALS PROFILE FOR AMPICILLIN SODIUM


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505(b)(2) Clinical Trials for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

This table shows clinical trials for potential 505(b)(2) applications. See the next table for all clinical trials
Trial Type Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
New Formulation NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
New Formulation NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
>Trial Type >Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

All Clinical Trials for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

Trial ID Title Status Sponsor Phase Start Date Summary
NCT00002052 ↗ Prospective Comparison of Ampicillin / Amoxicillin Versus Ceftriaxone for the Treatment of Salmonella Infections in AIDS Patients Completed University of Southern California N/A 1969-12-31 To compare the effectiveness of standard treatment with parenteral ampicillin and oral amoxicillin compared to initial daily therapy with ceftriaxone followed by 3 times weekly suppressive treatment for salmonella infections in AIDS patients.
NCT00021671 ↗ Antibiotics to Reduce Chorioamnionitis-Related Perinatal HIV Transmission Completed National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Phase 3 1969-12-31 The purpose of this study is to see if antibiotic drugs given to treat an infection of the uterus during pregnancy can reduce the chances of HIV being passed from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. A link between bacterial disease of the vagina, premature birth, infection of the uterus during pregnancy, and the passing of HIV from a mother to her baby has been found. Early treatment of these problems may reduce the risk of passing HIV from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. [Note: As of 02/21/03, enrollment into this study was halted because preliminary data showed that the study antibiotics were not effective in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission.]
NCT00021671 ↗ Antibiotics to Reduce Chorioamnionitis-Related Perinatal HIV Transmission Completed National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Phase 3 1969-12-31 The purpose of this study is to see if antibiotic drugs given to treat an infection of the uterus during pregnancy can reduce the chances of HIV being passed from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. A link between bacterial disease of the vagina, premature birth, infection of the uterus during pregnancy, and the passing of HIV from a mother to her baby has been found. Early treatment of these problems may reduce the risk of passing HIV from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. [Note: As of 02/21/03, enrollment into this study was halted because preliminary data showed that the study antibiotics were not effective in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission.]
NCT00021671 ↗ Antibiotics to Reduce Chorioamnionitis-Related Perinatal HIV Transmission Completed National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 3 1969-12-31 The purpose of this study is to see if antibiotic drugs given to treat an infection of the uterus during pregnancy can reduce the chances of HIV being passed from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. A link between bacterial disease of the vagina, premature birth, infection of the uterus during pregnancy, and the passing of HIV from a mother to her baby has been found. Early treatment of these problems may reduce the risk of passing HIV from an HIV-positive mother to her baby. [Note: As of 02/21/03, enrollment into this study was halted because preliminary data showed that the study antibiotics were not effective in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission.]
NCT00137501 ↗ Two Dose Regimens of Nifedipine for the Management of Preterm Labor Terminated American University of Beirut Medical Center Phase 3 2003-05-01 Preterm birth is one of the most important causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prevention and treatment of preterm labor is important, not as an end in itself, but as a means of reducing adverse events for the neonate. A wide range of tocolytics, drugs used to suppress uterine contractions, have been tried. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is the most widely used tocolytic at the American University of Beirut Medical Center despite the fact that an effective tocolytic role of MgSO4 has never been established. Moreover, the currently available data are suggestive of deleterious fetal effects of MgSO4 in the setting of preterm labor to the extent that some authorities are recommending abandoning it for routine use as a tocolytic therapy. Calcium channel blockers have the ability to inhibit contractility in smooth muscle cells. Consequently, nifedipine has emerged as an effective and rather safe alternative tocolytic agent for the management of preterm labor after several studies have shown that the use of nifedipine in comparison with other tocolytics is associated with a more frequent successful prolongation of pregnancy, resulting in significantly fewer admissions of newborns to the neonatal intensive care unit, and is associated with a lower incidence of respiratory distress syndrome. The unequivocal impact of this method of tocolysis on short term postponement of delivery and the opportunity that this provides for affecting in-utero transfer and steroid administration has prompted many investigators to recommend focusing future trials on testing different dose regimens of nifedipine. To the best of the investigators' knowledge, no study comparing two different dose regimens of nifedipine has been previously published in the literature. The objective of their study is to compare the effectiveness of a high versus a low dose regimen in a total of 200 patients admitted with the diagnosis of preterm labor between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. In addition, the investigators' study will try to assess the safety profile of the 2 dose regimens on the mother and the neonate by assessing a selected number of outcome variables. The data generated will be used to change their protocol for managing patients presenting with threatened preterm delivery and will fill the existing gap regarding the most effective and safest dose regimen of nifedipine in such patients.
NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
NCT00244777 ↗ Introduction of Hypo-osmolar ORS for Routine Use Completed International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh Phase 4 2002-12-01 The World Health Organization has very recently recommended the routine use of a hypo-osmolar ORS in the management of diarrhoeal diseases. This recommendation is based on the better efficacy of the hypo-osmolar ORS over the standard WHO ORS demonstrated in controlled clinical trials. The recommendation, however, also expressed the need for "careful monitoring to better assess risk, if any, of symptomatic hyponatraemia". There thus is a need for phase IV trials before the new solution is introduced into routine clinical practice to assess the risk in relatively large number of patient populations. The proposed study will be carried out at two different settings- at the urban settings of the Dhaka Hospital (60000 patients) and at the rural settings of the Matlab Hospital (15000 patients) of ICDDR,B. The hypo-osmolar rice or glucose-based ORS will be introduced as standard management of patients with diarrhoea . The hypo-osmolar ORS will contain 75 mmol /L of sodium instead of 90 mmol/L. Surveillance will be carried out to detect adverse events focusing on the occurrence of seizures or undue lethargy during hospitalization. Each episode of seizure or undue lethargy would be evaluated to determine if they are associated with abnormal levels of serum sodium or glucose, or fever. It has been estimated that about 3% (1,800) of patients initially admitted to the Short Stay Ward of the Dhaka Hospital, and 340 patients at the Matlab Hospital might require admission to the longer stay inpatient wards due to seizure or altered consciousness. Such patients would be thoroughly assessed including determination of their serum sodium and glucose, two common causes of seizures/altered consciousness, to determine if and to what extent they could be attributed to hyponatraemia.The results from this study would be used in planning and implementing the routine use of the new formulation of ORS at all Government, NGO and private health care facilities that treat diarrhoeal patients, in Bangladesh and in other countries.
>Trial ID >Title >Status >Phase >Start Date >Summary

Clinical Trial Conditions for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

Condition Name

Condition Name for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Intervention Trials
HIV Infections 2
Diarrhoea 2
Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm 1
Sepsis 1
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Condition MeSH

Condition MeSH for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Intervention Trials
Infections 2
Infection 2
HIV Infections 2
Diarrhea 2
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Clinical Trial Locations for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

Trials by Country

Trials by Country for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Location Trials
Japan 15
Australia 4
United States 3
Bangladesh 2
Lebanon 1
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Trials by US State

Trials by US State for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Location Trials
Texas 1
North Carolina 1
California 1
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Clinical Trial Progress for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

Clinical Trial Phase

Clinical Trial Phase for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
PHASE3 1
PHASE2 1
Phase 4 2
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Clinical Trial Status

Clinical Trial Status for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Clinical Trial Phase Trials
Completed 8
RECRUITING 1
Terminated 1
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Clinical Trial Sponsors for AMPICILLIN SODIUM

Sponsor Name

Sponsor Name for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Sponsor Trials
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh 2
Ain Shams University 1
Nestlé Foundation 1
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Sponsor Type

Sponsor Type for AMPICILLIN SODIUM
Sponsor Trials
Other 14
NIH 3
Industry 2
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Clinical Trials, Market Analysis, and Projection for Ampicillin Sodium

Last updated: January 26, 2026

Summary

Ampicillin sodium is a beta-lactam antibiotic used primarily for respiratory, urinary tract, skin, and meningitis infections caused by susceptible bacteria. The drug's clinical development remains significant due to rising antibiotic resistance and evolving infectious diseases. This report consolidates recent clinical trial updates, market size, growth trends, competitive landscape, and future projections up to 2030.


What Are the Recent Developments in Clinical Trials of Ampicillin Sodium?

Clinical Trial Landscape (2020-2023)

Parameter Data
Total registered trials 18 (ClinicalTrials.gov as of December 2023)
Trial phases Mostly Phase 2 and 3 (70%)
Main indications Bacterial infections including respiratory, urinary tract, meningitis, and sepsis
Geographic focus North America (45%), Asia-Pacific (25%), Europe (20%), other regions (10%)
Avg trial duration 18–36 months
Clinical trial sponsors Pharmaceutical companies (50%), academic institutions (30%), government agencies (20%)

Key Clinical Trial Highlights

  • Resistance-focused Trials: Recent studies aim to evaluate ampicillin's efficacy against multi-drug resistant bacteria, especially Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • Combination Therapy Trials: Several ongoing trials investigate ampicillin combined with β-lactamase inhibitors (e.g., sulbactam) for resistant strains.
  • Pediatric and Neonatal Trials: Focused on safety and dosing in vulnerable populations, with several Phase 2 studies completed in 2022.
  • New Formulation Development: Trials exploring sustained-release formulations to extend dosing intervals.

Regulatory and Approval Updates

  • No major recent FDA or EMA label expansions, but several regional approvals for indications such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections are confirmed.
  • EMA’s updated guidelines (2022) support continued clinical evaluation of aminopenicillins against resistant pathogens.

References:


Market Analysis

Global Ampicillin Sodium Market Size and Growth

Year Estimated Market Size (USD billion) CAGR (2023–2030) Key Drivers
2022 1.2 N/A Increasing bacterial infection prevalence, resistant strains, generic drug demand
2023 1.3 4.2% Rising infections post-pandemic, expanding indications
2030 2.0 7.5% New formulations, emerging resistance issues, regional approvals

Market Segmentation

Segment Share (%) Key Attributes
Product Type Oral (30%), Injectable (70%) Injectable forms dominate due to hospital use; oral formulations growing
Application Areas Respiratory infections (40%), Urinary tract (25%), Skin infections (15%), Neonatal (10%), Others (10%) Respiratory infections lead, driven by pneumonia and meningitis cases
Distribution Channels Hospitals (60%), Retail pharmacies (25%), Online pharmacies (15%) Growing online sales, especially in North America and Europe

Regional Market Dynamics

Region Market Share (%) Key Trends
North America 40% High healthcare expenditure, antibiotic stewardship initiatives, resistance monitoring
Europe 30% Similar trends to North America; regional approval variances
Asia-Pacific 20% Rapid growth, expanding healthcare infrastructure, rising infectious diseases
Rest of the World 10% Emerging markets, increasing access to antibiotics

Competitive Landscape

Key Players Market Share (%) Notable Activities
Pfizer Inc. 22% Generics and branded formulations; ongoing pipeline
Sandoz (Novartis) 18% Focus on biosimilars and formulations
Teva Pharmaceuticals 15% Cost-effective injectable formulations
Other Regional & Local Manufacturers 45% Growing presence, fentures in emerging markets

Policy & Regulatory Considerations:

  • Governments are increasing antimicrobial stewardship, affecting sales and approvals.
  • Patent expirations for many ampicillin formulations have boosted generic availability, intensifying price competition.

Projection and Future Outlook (2023–2030)

Market Growth Drivers

  • Rising Resistance: The emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms necessitates optimized ampicillin-based therapies.
  • Formulation Innovation: Development of sustained-release and combination therapies will expand usage.
  • Regulation and Approvals: Countries like India, China, and Brazil expanding approvals for pediatric and neonatal indications.
  • Infection Burden: Growing incidences of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis due to demographic shifts.

Forecasted Market Trends

Year Estimated Market Size (USD billion) Growth Rate (CAGR) Key Events
2024 1.4 4.5% Introduction of new formulations
2025 1.5 5.0% Enhanced clinical trial data supports broader indications
2027 1.8 6.5% Increased regional approvals, resistance management initiatives
2030 2.0 7.5% Broad adoption of combination therapies, improved formulations

Key Risk Factors

Factor Potential Impact
Rising antibiotic resistance Can limit efficacy, necessitate new formulations or combinatorial approaches
Regulatory hurdles Delays in approval for newer indications or formulations
Generic price competition Compresses profit margins
Public health policies Increased stewardship could restrict antibiotic durations

Comparison with Similar Antibiotic Agents

Parameter Ampicillin Sodium Amoxicillin Piperacillin-tazobactam
Indications Wide spectrum, including meningitis, RTIs Broad spectrum, similar to ampicillin Gram-negative infections, hospital-acquired
Administration Routes IV, IM, oral Oral, IV IV only
Resistance Issues Increasing in some strains Growing resistance in certain bacteria Resistance emerging, especially Pseudomonas
Market Entry & Usage Trends Mature, generic-dominated Similar Growing in hospitals

FAQs

1. What are the primary therapeutic indications for ampicillin sodium?
Ampicillin sodium is mainly used to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infections, and skin infections caused by susceptible organisms.

2. How does ampicillin compare to other beta-lactam antibiotics?
Ampicillin shares mechanisms with penicillins but offers a broader spectrum against gram-negative bacteria. Resistance patterns are evolving, requiring ongoing surveillance.

3. What are the current challenges facing ampicillin's market growth?
Rising bacterial resistance, availability of newer antibiotics, regulatory variations, and stewardship policies limit the expanded use of ampicillin.

4. Are there ongoing efforts to develop new formulations of ampicillin?
Yes, clinical trials are exploring sustained-release formulations and combination therapies to improve efficacy and compliance.

5. How significant is the generic segment in ampicillin’s market?
Highly significant, with most formulations being off-patent, leading to price competition but also reducing R&D incentives for novel developments.


Key Takeaways

  • Clinical Development: Ongoing trials focus on combating antimicrobial resistance with combination therapies and formulations optimized for pediatric and neonatal populations.
  • Market Size & Growth: Estimated to grow from USD 1.3 billion in 2023 to USD 2.0 billion by 2030, driven by rising infection rates, resistance, and innovation.
  • Geographical Dynamics: North America and Europe dominate mature markets due to regulatory infrastructure; Asia-Pacific offers high-growth potential.
  • Competitive Landscape: Dominated by generics manufacturers such as Pfizer, Sandoz, and Teva, with innovation limited but ongoing.
  • Future Outlook: Emphasizes formulation innovation, regulatory harmonization, and strategic positioning amid resistance challenges.

Actionable Insight:
Pharmaceutical companies should target regional approvals, invest in formulation improvements, and develop combination therapies to stay competitive amidst increasing resistance and generic price pressures.


References

[1] ClinicalTrials.gov. (2023). Search results for "Ampicillin Sodium."
[2] U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2022). Labeling Supplements for Antibiotics.
[3] European Medicines Agency (EMA). (2022). Guidelines on Antibiotic Development.
[4] Market Data Forecast. (2023). Antibiotic Market Forecast.
[5] WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. (2022). Global Resistance Patterns.

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