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Last Updated: March 29, 2024

Claims for Patent: 9,779,212


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Summary for Patent: 9,779,212
Title:Apparatus, process and system for monitoring a plurality of patients affected by kidney failure
Abstract: An apparatus, a process and a system for monitoring a plurality of patients (P) affected by kidney failure over a time frame (T) are disclosed. The system includes blood treatment units, laboratory storage units, at least one hub module, and client units. The system collects values (VM) of a plurality of session parameters, set values (VS) of a plurality of prescription parameters, values (VL) of a plurality of laboratory parameters and the hub module stores values (KPVi) of selected parameters (KPi) which are a subclass of the collected values (VM, VS, VL) and which are transferred to the client units. Each client unit may define, for each of said patients, a number of indicators (IDk) based on the values (KPVi,k) taken by a respective subclass (KPi,k) of said selected parameters (KPi) and to operate the respective display according to various display modes.
Inventor(s): Bene; Bernard (Irigny, FR), Fouilleul; Achille (Ruy, FR), Buttin; Lionel (Caluire et Cuire, FR)
Assignee: Gambro Lundia AB (Lund, SE)
Application Number:13/681,640
Patent Claims:1. A system for monitoring a plurality of patients affected by kidney failure over a time frame covering a plurality of blood treatment sessions, the system comprising: a plurality of blood treatment machines for the treatment of the monitored patients, each blood treatment machine including at least one respective control unit and sensors for measuring session parameters, the control unit of each blood treatment machine being configured to: receive from the sensors signals corresponding to values (V.sub.M) of a plurality of session parameters measured during each blood treatment session for each patient, and receive set values (V.sub.S) of a plurality of prescription parameters, said set values of prescription parameters comprising values of a plurality of session parameters which are set on said blood treatment machines for the blood treatment sessions of each patient over said time frame (T); a number of laboratory storage units configured to store values (V.sub.L) of laboratory parameters relating to patient blood properties obtained from tests conducted on fluid samples taken from each patient; a hub module communicatively connected to the blood treatment machines and to the laboratory storage units, the module comprising a control unit configured to: receive from said blood treatment machines and for each monitored patient, values (V.sub.M) of the plurality of session parameters measured by the sensors of each blood treatment machine during each blood treatment session of each patient over said time frame (T), receive from said blood treatment machines and for each monitored patient, set values of (V.sub.S) of prescription parameters set for each blood treatment session of each patient over said time frame, receive from the laboratory storage units values (V.sub.L) of laboratory parameters obtained from tests conducted on fluid samples taken from each patient over said time frame, and create a key parameter log storing values (KPV.sub.i) of selected parameters (KP.sub.i) comprising: values of a first subgroup of said plurality of session parameters (V.sub.M), set values of a second subgroup of the plurality of prescription parameters (V.sub.S), values of a third subgroup of said plurality of laboratory parameters (V.sub.L); and a plurality of client units each configured for reading the data coming from the key parameter log and each further configured to: store, for each patient, the values (KPV.sub.i) of the selected parameters (KP.sub.i) contained in the key parameter log, define, for each of said patients, a number of indicators (ID.sub.k) wherein each of said indicator is distinct from the other and is defined based on the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken by a respective subclass (KP.sub.i,k) of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i), compare the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, over the time frame (T), by the subclasses of selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting a same indicator (ID.sub.k) with respective reference criteria; signal whether one or more of said criteria are not met.

2. A system according to claim 1 wherein each client unit is further configured for interrogating at time intervals (t) the hub module and receiving either all or a prefixed number of the values (KPV.sub.i) of the selected parameters (KP.sub.i) contained in the hub module memory.

3. A system according to claim 1, wherein the hub module processing unit is further configured to transmit all or a prefixed number of the values (KPV.sub.i) of the selected parameters (KP.sub.i) to each of said client units.

4. A system according to claim 1, wherein the hub module processing unit is configured to receive from said blood treatment machines and for each monitored patient, set values of (V.sub.S) of prescription parameters set for each blood treatment session of each patient over said time frame, said set values of prescription parameters comprising one or more of: values of a plurality of session parameters set for blood treatment sessions of each patient over said time frame, values representative of medicament prescriptions which have been imparted to each patient over said time frame, values representative of one or more disposable items used during blood treatment sessions of each patient over said time frame.

5. A system according to claim 1, comprising an intermediate elaborating unit, the intermediate unit being communicatively interposed between the hub module and the blood treatment machines, wherein the values coming from a number of blood treatment apparatus are collected by the intermediate unit before being transmitted to the hub module, and wherein the intermediate unit is configured to transmit said collected values either at time intervals or upon request to the hub module.

6. A system according to claim 5, comprising a further intermediate elaborating unit, the further intermediate unit being communicatively interposed between the hub module and the number of laboratory storage units, wherein the values coming from a number of laboratory storage units are collected by the further intermediate unit before being transmitted to the hub module, and wherein the further intermediate unit is configured to transmit said collected values either at time intervals or upon request to the hub module, further wherein the hub module is one of: physically remote from the intermediate unit, physically remote from both the intermediate unit and the further intermediate unit, physically part of the intermediate unit, this latter being remotely connected to the plurality of blood treatment machines, physically part of the further intermediate unit, this latter being remotely connected to the plurality of laboratory storage units.

7. A system according to claim 1, wherein each client unit includes an apparatus of monitoring a plurality of patients (P) affected by kidney failure over a time frame (T), the apparatus comprising a memory, a graphic user interface, and a control unit connected to the memory and to graphic user interface, wherein the apparatus control unit is configured to: operate in a first display mode comprising generating on said graphic user interface a first display having a first selection tool for choosing one among said selected parameters (KP.sub.i) and a first display field showing, for each of a plurality of patients, a respective graphic representation of one or more significant values taken by the chosen parameter across said time frame (T); operate in a second display mode comprising generating on said graphic user interface a second display having a second selection tool for choosing one among said indicators (ID.sub.k) and a second display field showing, for one patient, a graphic representation of the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, over the time frame (T), by the subclass of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the selected indicator (ID.sub.k); allow, when in said first display mode, choosing one patient and detecting selection of said one patient; and subsequently activate said second display mode and display said second display on the graphic user interface wherein, in the second display mode, graphic representations are displayed of the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, over the time frame (T), by the subclass of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the selected indicator (ID.sub.k) and relating to the chosen patient.

8. A system according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to hide said first display when said second display mode is activated.

9. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit is configured to display said the graphic representations in side by side relation in said first display field; wherein the control unit, in said first display mode, is configured to detect the patient chosen by detecting selection of one of said first graphic representations, and wherein detecting selection of one of said graphic representations comprises detecting overlapping of a graphic selector with the chosen one among said first graphic representations, the graphic selector graphically differentiating the chosen first graphic representation from the other first graphic representations displayed on the first display.

10. A system according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to display a menu area comprising a plurality of selectable areas, the plurality of selectable areas comprising at least a first selectable area and a second selectable area, wherein the control unit is further configured to detect selection of the first selectable area and to activate the first display mode when the first selectable area is selected and wherein the control unit is further configured to detect selection of the second selectable area and to activate the second display mode when the second selectable area is selected, and wherein the control unit is configured to display the menu area both in said first and in said second display modes.

11. A system according to claim 10 wherein the first display field comprises a Cartesian representation where one axis represents the patients and one other axis represents the measure of the values taken by the selected parameters (KP.sub.i), and wherein each of said first graphic representations comprises a representation of the mean value taken by the selected parameter across said time frame (T) and a graphic representation of a distribution of values taken by the selected parameter around said mean value.

12. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit, in said first display mode, is configured to display on said graphic user interface an auxiliary display comprising a table displaying a list of the monitored patients, the control unit being also configured to associate an identification code to each patient and to detect the patient chosen by detecting selection of the respective identification code.

13. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit, in said first display mode, is configured to display on said graphic user interface a recap display comprising a table displaying a list of monitored patients, a list of said indicators (ID.sub.k), and a score associated to a number of indicators and patients, wherein each of the displayed scores is univocally associated to a respective patient and to a respective indicator (ID.sub.K), the control unit being configured to calculate each one of said scores based on a comparison of each of the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, for the respective patient, by the subclass of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the indicator (ID.sub.k), with a respective reference criterion.

14. A system according to claim 7 wherein the second selection tool comprises a plurality of selectable zones, each of said selectable zones corresponding to a respective one of said indicators (ID.sub.k), wherein the control unit is further configured to: detect selection of one indicator by detecting selection of the corresponding selectable zone, and display on said second display the graphic representations of the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, over the time frame (T), by the subclass of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the selected indicator (ID.sub.k) and relating to the chosen patient.

15. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit is configured to allow setting of said time frame (T), wherein the control unit is configured to display in said first display mode a time frame selection tool allowing the setting of at least one of: a start of said time frame (T), an end of said time frame (T), a start and an end of said time frame (T), and wherein said time frame (T) covers a plurality of blood treatment sessions.

16. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit is configured to allow setting of a population filtration criterion and wherein the control unit, when in said first display mode, is configured to display the respective graphic representation of said one or more significant values, only for those patients satisfying the set population filtration criterion.

17. A system according to claim 16, wherein the control unit, when in said first display mode, is configured to allow choosing one patient only among those satisfying the set population filtration criterion.

18. A system according to claim 17 wherein said population filtration criteria comprises one in the group of: a condition concerning one or more of the values (KPV.sub.i) of selected the parameters (KP.sub.i); conditions concerning one or more of said indicators (ID.sub.k).

19. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit is configured to: allow an operator to choose one or more indicators (ID.sub.k) of interest, receive and store in the apparatus memory, for each patient (P), only the values (KPV.sub.i) contained in the hub module memory taken, over the time frame (T), by the subclass of said selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the chosen indicators (ID.sub.k).

20. A system according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to allow setting of a population filtration criterion and is configured to request a scan of the hub module memory, and receive and store in the apparatus memory exclusively the values (KPV.sub.i) of selected parameters (KP.sub.i) relating to patients satisfying the population filtration criterion.

21. A system according to claim 7 wherein the control unit is configured to: allow, when in said second display mode, to chose one among the values taken by the parameters of said subclass of selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting the selected indicator (ID.sub.k); establish the treatment session corresponding to the chosen value; operate in a third display mode, comprising generating a third display on said graphic user interface having a third display field showing, for the chosen patient and for the treatment session corresponding to the chosen value, a respective graphic representation of a plurality of values taken at different instants over session treatment time by said a plurality parameters.

22. A system according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to calculate a sum and/or a mean value of said scores referring to a same patient, and wherein the control unit is configured to rank patients from the one having highest score to the one having lowest score.

23. A system according to claim 1 wherein the values of the first subgroup of said plurality of session parameters (V.sub.M) include measured values for one or more of the following parameters: blood flow rate, clearance or dialysance values, treated blood volume, K*Tr and or K*Tr/V where K is measured dialysance, Tr is treatment time and V a reference volume, dialysate conductivity, patient blood conductivity at the beginning and/or at the end of the treatment session, transferred ionic mass, total weight loss, real session duration, measures of cardiac parameters: systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (TA), cardiac rate, arterial and/or venous pressure, hemoglobin, e.g. obtained by calorimetric detection.

24. A system according to claim 1 wherein the set values of the second subgroup of said plurality of prescription parameters (V.sub.S) include for each blood treatment session of each patient over said time frame T: duration of the blood treatment session, blood conductivity, blood flow rate, patient's dry weight, the calcium concentration for the dialysis liquid, the potassium concentration for the dialysis liquid, the blood flow rate in the extracorporeal circuit, the weight loss rate, the total weight loss to be achieved at the end of the treatment, the blood conductivity to be achieved at the end of the treatment, the dialysis dose.

25. A system according to claim 1 wherein the values of the third subgroup of the laboratory parameters (V.sub.L) include values of: Urea concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Creatinine concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Uric acid concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Sodium concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Potassium concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Bicarbonate concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Phosphate concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Calcium concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) Total proteins concentration (pre and/or post treatment session) PTH (parathyroid hormone) Hemoglobin Ferritin Saturation coefficient Albumin CRP (C-reactive protein) Total cholesterol LDL cholesterol Triglycerides Glycemia beta-2-microglobuline Glycated hemoglobin KT/V Urea Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (TA) measured while lying on a bed before and after treatment session Weight before and after treatment session.

26. A system according to claim 1 wherein the indicators comprise from four (4) to eight (8) of the following dialysis indicators: a first indicator ID.sub.1 relating to the conditions of the vascular access--this indicator uses a first subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: measured values KPV.sub.M for the blood flow rate, for the ionic dialysance and for the arterial and venous pressures; a second indicator ID.sub.2 relating to the prescription conformity--this indicator uses a second subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: prescription values KPV.sub.S for the duration of the treatment, the blood and/or dialysate conductivity, the blood flow rate, and the patient's dry weight, and measured values KPV.sub.M for the treated blood volume, for the dialysate conductivity, for the total weight loss and for the total session duration; a third indicator ID.sub.3 relating to potassium--this indicator uses a third subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: prescription values KPV.sub.S for the dialysate potassium and laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L for the potassium concentration in blood; a fourth indicator ID.sub.4 relating to anemia--this indicator uses a fourth subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: measured values KPV.sub.M for hemoglobin and laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L for hemoglobin, ferritin and saturation coefficient; a fifth indicator ID.sub.5 relating to nutrition and metabolism--this indicator uses a fifth subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L bicarbonate, blood sugar, total proteins, albumin, CRP; a sixth indicator ID.sub.6 relating to phosphorous-calcium equilibrium--this indicator uses a sixth subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L for phosphate, calcium, PTH; a seventh indicator ID.sub.7 relating to hypertension--this indicator uses a seventh subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: prescription values KPV.sub.S for plasmatic conductivity (initial and/or final) and for dialysate conductivity; laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L for sodium concentration in blood (before and/or after treatment), cardiac parameters (systolic and diastolic pressure, heart rate), weight before and after treatment; and measured values V.sub.M for dialysate conductivity, blood conductivity before and after treatment session, ionic mass transfer, total weight loss, cardiac parameter measures (systolic and diastolic pressure and heart rate); an eighth indicator ID.sub.8 relating to dialysis dose--this indicator uses an eight subclass of the KP.sub.i including one or more of: laboratory parameter values KPV.sub.L for urea and creatinine concentration in blood pre and post session and for beta-2-microglobuline and KT/V urea; and measured values V.sub.M for the total treated blood volume and the measured KT and KT/K; wherein the control unit of each of the client units compares each of the values (KPV.sub.i,k) taken, over the time frame T, by the subclasses of selected parameters (KP.sub.i,k) affecting a same indicator IDk with respective reference criteria and detects possible drifts compared to what is regarded as a reference criterion of normality.

27. A system according to claim 26 wherein the control unit is configured to apply one or more of the following reference criteria in order to classify if the patient's status for each single IDk is acceptable, not acceptable or lies in an area uncertainty: for the first indicator ID.sub.1: the ionic dialysance measured values are compared with a reference; the patient's status is considered acceptable if the last 3 measures are > than 165 ml/min, not acceptable if the last 3 measures are < than 155 ml/min, and potentially critical in all other cases; for the second indicator ID.sub.2: the status is considered acceptable if the measured values for the parameters affecting this indicator are identical or fall within a strict acceptable range compared to the respective set values; for the third indicator ID.sub.3: the patient's status is considered acceptable if the last 3 measures for the potassium concentration in blood are < than 5.5 mmol/l, not acceptable if the last 3 measures for the potassium concentration in blood are > than 5.5 mmol/l, and potentially critical in all other cases; for the fourth indicator ID.sub.4: the patient's status is considered acceptable if the last 3 values for hemoglobin fall within 10 and 12 g/l; the patient's status is considered not acceptable if the last 3 values for hemoglobin are either above 13 g/l or below 10 g/l; the patient's status is considered potentially critical in all other cases; for the fifth indicator ID.sub.5: the patient's status is considered acceptable if the following conditions are all met: albumin concentration >32 g/l, urea concentration >1.1 g/l, creatinine concentration >60 mg/l, phosphorus concentration >34 mg/l, potassium concentration >4.5 mmol/l; the patient's status is considered not acceptable if the following conditions are all not met: albumin concentration <32 g/l, urea concentration <1.1 g/l, creatinine concentration <60 mg/l, phosphorus concentration <34 mg/l, potassium concentration <4.5 mmol/l; the patient's status is considered potentially critical in all other cases; for the sixth indicator ID.sub.6: the laboratory values for phosphorous, calcium and PTH are compared with respective references; the patient's status is considered acceptable if the last 3 values for phosphorous lie within 34 and 60 mg/l, and the last 3 values for calcium lie within 88 and 100 mg/l, and PTH last value is comprised within 100 and 300 .mu.g/l; the patient's status is considered not acceptable if the last 3 values for phosphorous are above 60 mg/l; the situation is considered potentially critical in all other cases; for the seventh indicator ID.sub.7: the patient's status is considered not acceptable if the last 3 values for pre-dialysis session arterial pressure TA are above 170 mm Hg; the patient's status is considered acceptable if the last 3 values for pre-dialysis session arterial pressure TA are below 150 mm Hg; the patient's status is considered potentially critical in all other cases; for the eight indicator ID.sub.8: the measured KT values are compared with a reference; the patient status is considered acceptable if the last 3 measures are > than 40 liters, not acceptable if the last 3 measures are < than 36 ml/min, and potentially critical in all other cases. In case of less than 3 measures in the last 15 days, then the assessment is not considered reliable and discarded.

28. A system according to claim 1 wherein said set values (V.sub.S) of a plurality of prescription parameters include one or more of: values of a plurality of session parameters set for blood treatment sessions of each patient over said time frame, values representative of medicament prescriptions which have been imparted to each patient over said time frame, and values representative of one or more disposable items used during blood treatment sessions of each patient over said time frame.

29. A system according to claim 1, wherein, to signal whether one or more of said criteria are not met, the plurality of client units are each further configured to activate an alarm in response to one or more of said criteria not being met.

30. A system according to claim 1, wherein each client unit includes an apparatus of monitoring a plurality of patients (P) affected by kidney failure over a time frame (T), the apparatus comprising a memory, a graphic user interface, and a control unit connected to the memory and to graphic user interface, wherein, to signal whether one or more of said criteria are not met, the apparatus control unit of the plurality of client units are each further configured to indicate via the graphic user interface whether each criterion of the one or more said criteria is non-acceptable or only potentially susceptible of being problematic.

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