Claims for Patent: 8,314,106

Summary for Patent: 8,314,106

Title:	Substituted diketopiperazine analogs for use as drug delivery agents
Abstract:	Disclosed are drug delivery systems for the delivery of small molecule and macromolecular drugs. More particularly, disclosed are substituted analogs of 3,6-di(alkyl-4 aminobutyl)-2,5-diketopiperazine (which may also be referred to DKP), their use in the formulation of both small molecule and macromolecular drugs including therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic agents, stabilizing agents and systems for their delivery.
Inventor(s):	Kraft; Kelly Sullivan (Hopewell Junction, NY)
Assignee:	MannKind Corporation (Valencia, CA)
Application Number:	12/649,210
Patent Claims:	1. A substituted diketopiperazine having the general structure of: ##STR00005## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n or m=0-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, amine, or ketone; and Y is an amide, acid, phenol, phosphonic acid, or thiol. 2. The substituted diketopiperazine of claim 1 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 3. The substituted diketopiperazine of claim 1 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 4. The substituted diketopiperazine of claim 1 wherein R is isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 5. A pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of a substituted diketopiperazine having the general structure of: ##STR00006## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n or m=0-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, or amine; and Y is an amide, acid, hydroxyl, phenol, phosphonic acid, or thiol; the salt further comprises at least one cation; and wherein the salt is in a solid form. 6. The pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of claim 5 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 7. The pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of claim 5 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 8. The pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of claim 5 wherein R is an isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 9. The pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of claim 5 wherein the cation is a sodium. 10. A therapeutic composition comprising a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of a substituted diketopiperazine having the general structure of: ##STR00007## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n is 0-20, or m=2-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, amine, or ketone; and Y is an amide, acid, hydroxyl, phenol, phosphonic acid, or thiol; the salt further comprises at least one cation and the salt is in a solid form; and wherein the composition further comprises an active agent. 11. The therapeutic composition of claim 10 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 12. The therapeutic composition of claim 10 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 13. The therapeutic composition of claim 10 wherein R is an isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 14. The therapeutic composition of claim 10 wherein the active agent is a peptide, protein, polypeptide, small molecule, or nucleic acid molecule. 15. The therapeutic composition of claim 14, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of insulin, glucagon, glucagon like preptide 1 (GLP-1), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone 1-34, bioactive fragment of parathyroid hormone, octreotide, leuprolide, and RSV peptide, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), peptide YY, oxyntomodulin, felbamate, cannabinoid antagonists and/or agonists, muscurinic antagonsits and/or agonistics, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn, sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, growth hormone, AZT, DDI, lamotrigine, chorionic gonadotropin releasing factor, luteinizing release hormone, .beta.-galactosidase, exendins 1-4, ghrelin, tryptin and fragments thereof. 16. The therapeutic composition of claim 15, wherein the active agent is insulin or an insulin analogue. 17. The therapeutic composition of claim 10, wherein the composition comprises a precipitate of substituted diketopiperazine microparticles and an active agent. 18. The therapeutic composition of claim 10, wherein the precipitate is formulated into a solid dosage form suitable for inhalation, buccal, oral, rectal, or vaginal delivery. 19. The therapeutic composition of claim 10, wherein the composition is formulated in a liquid. 20. The therapeutic composition of claim 19, wherein the liquid is a solution or suspension of substituted diketopiperazine microparticles and an active agent. 21. The therapeutic composition of claim 20, wherein the solution or suspension is suitable for transdermal, intravenous or subcutaneous delivery. 22. The therapeutic composition of claim 18 wherein the composition comprises a dry powder. 23. A microparticle composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of substituted diketopiperazine microparticles having the general structure: ##STR00008## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n or m=0-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, amine, or ketone; and Y is an amide, acid, hydroxyl, phenol, phosphonic acid, or thiol; the salt further comprises at least one cation; and wherein the salt is in a solid form. 24. The microparticle composition of claim 23 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 25. The microparticle composition of claim 23 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 26. The microparticle composition of claim 23 wherein R is an isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 27. The microparticle composition of claim 23 further comprising an active agent. 28. A microparticle composition comprising: a substituted diketopiperazine having the general structure: ##STR00009## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n or m=0-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, amine, or ketone; and Y is an amide, acid, hydroxyl, phenol, phosphonic acid, or thiol; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. 29. The microparticle composition of claim 28 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 30. The microparticle composition of claim 28 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 31. The microparticle composition of claim 28 wherein R is an isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 32. The microparticle composition of claim 28 further comprising one or more active agents selected from the group consisting of a peptide, a protein, a polypeptide, a small molecule, and a nucleic acid molecule. 33. The microparticle composition of claim 32, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of insulin, glucagon, glucagon like preptide 1 (GLP-1), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone 1-34, bioactive fragment of parathyroid hormone, octreotide, leuprolide, and RSV peptide, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), peptide YY, oxyntomodulin, felbamate, cannabinoid antagonists and/or agonists, muscurinic antagonsits and/or agonistics, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn, sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, growth hormone, AZT, DDI, lamotrigine, chorionic gonadotropin releasing factor, luteinizing release hormone, .beta.-galactosidase, exendins 1-4, ghrelin, tryptin and fragments thereof. 34. The microparticle composition of claim 28, wherein the active agent is insulin or an insulin analogue. 35. The microparticle composition of claim 28, wherein said composition is formed by precipitation of an active agent onto the substituted diketopiperazine microparticles. 36. The microparticle composition of claim 28, wherein the microparticle is formed by precipitation of a solution comprising the substituted diketopiperazine and the active agent. 37. The microparticle composition of claim 28, wherein delivery is to the pulmonary system. 38. A dry powder composition of claim 28. 39. A method for preparing a dry powder composition for delivery of an active agent to a patient in need thereof comprising: spray drying a solution of an active agent molecule and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a substituted diketopiperazine to form a dry powder; wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a substituted diketopiperazine has the general structure: ##STR00010## wherein R is H or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons; n or m=0-20; X is an amide, ester, sulfone, sulfoxide, amine, or ketone; and Y is an amide, ester, acid, hydroxyl, phenol, sulfoxide, phosphonic acid, or thiol. 40. The method of claim 39 wherein R is hydrogen, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 41. The method of claim 39 wherein R is hydrogen, n=2, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 42. The method of claim 39 wherein R is an isopropyl, n=3, m is C.dbd.C, X is --NHC(O)--, and Y is COOH. 43. The method of claim 39, wherein the active agent is a peptide, protein, polypeptide, small molecule, or nucleic acid molecule. 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of insulin, glucagon, glucagon like preptide 1 (GLP-1), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone 1-34, bioactive fragment of parathyroid hormone, octreotide, leuprolide, and RSV peptide, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), peptide YY, oxyntomodulin, felbamate, cannabinoid antagonists and/or agonists, muscurinic antagonsits and/or agonistics, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn, sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, growth hormone, AZT, DDI, lamotrigine, chorionic gonadotropin releasing factor, luteinizing release hormone, .beta.-galactosidase, exendins 1-4, ghrelin, tryptin and fragments thereof. 45. The method of claim 39, wherein the active agent is insulin or an insulin analogue. 46. The method of claim 39, wherein said delivery is to the pulmonary system.

Details for Patent 8,314,106

Applicant	Tradename	Biologic Ingredient	Dosage Form	BLA	Approval Date	Patent No.	Expiredate
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.	NOVAREL	chorionic gonadotropin	For Injection	017016	01/15/1974		2039-03-29
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.	NOVAREL	chorionic gonadotropin	For Injection	017016	12/27/1984		2039-03-29
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.	NOVAREL	chorionic gonadotropin	For Injection	017016	02/15/1985		2039-03-29
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.	NOVAREL	chorionic gonadotropin	For Injection	017016	02/16/1990		2039-03-29
Bel-mar Laboratories, Inc.	CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN	chorionic gonadotropin	Injection	017054	03/26/1974		2039-03-29