Claims for Patent: 5,866,341

Summary for Patent: 5,866,341

Title:	Compositions and methods for screening drug libraries
Abstract:	A method of screening for binding partners of a specific molecule. The method employs a chimeric protein having at least two different binding regions; one containing at least a portion of the specific molecule or an analog thereof, and the other containing a binding region of an immunoglobulin chain. In a preferred embodiment, the method is used for rapidly screening member compounds of a combinatorial library for potential biological activity.
Inventor(s):	Spinella; Dominic Gregory (San Diego, CA), Becherer; Kathleen Ann (San Diego, CA), Brown; Steven Joel (San Diego, CA)
Assignee:	Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
Application Number:	08/627,151
Patent Claims:	1. A method of screening a plurality of test compounds for the ability to bind a specific binding partner comprising the steps: a) contacting one or more test compounds with a chimeric protein containing two or more binding domains, wherein a first domain comprises a proteinaceous specific binding partner or a peptide analog thereof, and a second domain comprises at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain having at least one region selected from the group consisting of: i) an antigenic determinant of an antigen, and ii) an immunoglobulin region capable of binding to an antigenic determinant, b) forming a binding partner complex between said chimeric protein and at least one of said test compounds, c) separating the complex from unbound chimeric proteins, d) contacting the binding partner complex with a directly or indirectly labeled secondary molecule capable of binding the second domain of said chimeric protein, and e) detecting said label as an indication of the presence of said test compound. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said first and second domain of said chimeric protein are separated by an immunoglobulin heavy chain hinge region. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein said specific binding partner is selected from the group consisting of: a) an antigen, b) an antibody, c) an enzyme, d) an enzyme substrate, e) a receptor, and f) a ligand. 4. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein said specific binding partner is selected from the group consisting of: growth hormone, human growth hormone, bovine growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, insulin A-chain, insulin-B chain, proinsulin, relaxin A-chain, leptin receptor, fibroblast growth factor, relaxin B-chain, prorelaxin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, glycoprotein hormone receptors, calcitonin, glucagon, factor VIII, an antibody, lung surfactant, urokinase, streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, bombesin, factor IX, thrombin, hemopoietic growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor beta, enkephalinase human serum albumin, mullerian-inhibiting substance, gonadotropin-associated peptide, .beta. lactamase, tissue factor protein, inhibitin, activin, vascular endothelial growth factor, integrin receptors, thrombopoietin, protein A or D, rheumatoid factors, NGF-.beta., platelet growth factor, transforming growth factor, TGF-.alpha., TGF-.beta., insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin growth factor binding proteins, CD4, CD8, DNase, RNase, latency associated peptide, erytbropoietin, osteoinductive factors, interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, colony stimulating factors, M-CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF, stem cell factor, interleukins, IL1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, superoxide dismutase, viral antigens, HIV envelope proteins, gp120, gp140, immunoglobulins, proteins encoded by the Ig supergene family, and naturally-occurring proteinaceous ligands or receptors thereof. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor. 6. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the endothelial growth factor receptor. 7. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the thrombopoietin receptor. 8. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the TGF alpha receptor. 9. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the TGF beta receptor. 10. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the erythropoietin receptor. 11. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the interferon gamma receptor. 12. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the GM-CSF receptor. 13. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the G-CSF receptor. 14. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the IL-4 receptor. 15. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the IL-6 receptor. 16. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the leptin receptor. 17. The method of claim 4 wherein said specific binding partner comprises at least a portion of the fibroblast growth factor receptor. 18. The method of claim 2 wherein said first domain is positioned to the amino terminal side of said second domain on said chimeric protein. 19. The method of claim 2 wherein said first domain is positioned to the carboxy terminal side of said second domain on said chimeric protein. 20. The method of claim 18 wherein said second domain comprises a C.sub.H 3 region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein said second domain further comprises a C.sub.H 2 region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain. 22. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein said test compounds are immobilized on a solid support. 23. The method of claim 1, 2 or 18 wherein said test compounds comprise a chemical combinatorial library. 24. The method of claim 23 wherein said library is comprised of members of the group selected of: a) naturally-occurring or non-naturally occurring amino acids, b) naturally-occurring or non-naturally occurring nucleotides, c) naturally-occurring or non-naturally occurring saccharides, and d) bi- or multifunctional small organic molecules. 25. The method of claim 22 wherein step c) is accomplished by washing the solid support to remove unbound chimeric protein. 26. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein said chimeric protein is a first chimeric protein produced by expression, within a host cell, of a recombinant DNA open reading frame encoding said first chimeric protein. 27. The method of claim 26 wherein said host cell expresses said chimeric protein as a dimer joined by at least one disulfide linkage, said dimer containing at least two specific binding partners or peptide analogs thereof. 28. The method of claim 22 wherein said test compounds are contacted with chimeric protein comprising bivalent chimeric protein dimers containing at least two specific binding partners or peptide analogs thereof. 29. The method of claim 26 wherein said host cell further expresses DNA containing a second open reading frame encoding a second chimeric protein, said second chimeric protein comprising a first domain comprising a proteinaceous specific binding partner or a peptide analog thereof, and a second domain comprising at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain having a region selected from the group consisting of: i) an antigenic determinant of an antigen, and ii) an immunoglobulin region capable of binding to an antigenic determinant, wherein said second chimeric protein contains at least a portion of an immunoglobulin light chain. 30. The method of claim 29 wherein said first chimeric protein and said second chimeric protein are linked by at least one disulfide bond to form a multimeric complex. 31. The method of claim 30 wherein the first domain of said first chimeric protein and said first domain of said second chimeric protein contain identical specific binding partners or peptide analogs thereof. 32. The method of claim 30 wherein the first domain of said first chimeric protein differs from said first domain of said second chimeric protein. 33. The method of claim 28 wherein at least one of said test compounds is present in the form of a multimer, and wherein said bivalent chimeric protein dimers bind said multimer more strongly than does a monomeric chimeric protein. 34. The method of claim 30 wherein at least one of said test compounds is present in the form of a multimer, and wherein said multimeric complex binds said multimer of test compound more strongly than do either said first or second chimeric protein individually. 35. The method of claim 26 wherein said host cell is a eukaryotic cell. 36. The method of claim 29 wherein said host cell is a eukaryotic cell. 37. The method of claim 26 wherein said open reading frame contains nucleotide sequences which direct the cell to add N-linked sugar residues to the chimeric protein expressed therefrom. 38. The method of claim 22 wherein said solid support is a cell. 39. The method of claim 22 wherein said solid support is a bacteriophage particle. 40. A method for screening one or more test compounds for the ability to bind a specific binding partner comprising the steps: a) immobilizing to a solid support a chimeric protein containing two or more distinct binding domains, wherein a first domain comprises a proteinaceous specific binding partner or a peptide analog thereof, and a second domain comprises at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain having a region selected from the group consisting of: i) an antigenic determinant of an antigen, and ii) an immunoglobulin region capable of binding to an antigenic determinant, wherein said chimeric protein is immobilized to the solid support by an interaction between said solid support and said second domain, b) contacting the immobilized chimeric protein with at least one test compound to form a binding partner complex comprising the chimeric protein and a test compound capable of binding to said specific binding partner, c) washing said solid support to separate the binding partner complex from unbound chimeric protein molecules, d) detecting said chimeric protein in said binding partner complex as an indication of the presence of said compound. 41. The method of claim 40 wherein said first and second domains of said chimeric protein are separated by an immunoglobulin heavy chain hinge region. 42. The method of claim 41 wherein said first domain is positioned to the amino terminal side of said second domain on said chimeric protein. 43. The method of claim 41 wherein said first domain is positioned to the carboxy terminal side of said second domain on said chimeric protein. 44. The method of claim 42 wherein said second domain comprises a C.sub.H 3 region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain. 45. The method of claim 44 wherein said second domain further comprises a C.sub.H 2 region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain. 46. The method of claim 40 or 41 wherein said immobilized chimeric protein is in the form of a disulfide-linked multimeric complex. 47. The method of claim 46 wherein said multimeric complex binds to two or more sites of said test compound. 48. The method of claim 40 or 41 wherein said test compounds are comprised of members selected from the group consisting of: a) naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring amino acids, b) naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring nucleotides, c) naturally-occurring or non-naturally occurring saccharides, and d) bi- or multifunctional small organic molecules. 49. The method of claim 40 wherein said chimeric protein is immobilized by a binding interaction between said chimeric protein and a moiety joined to the solid support, wherein the moiety is selected from the group consisting of: a) an antigen, b) at least a portion of an antibody, c) Protein G, and d) Protein A. 50. The method of claim 49 further comprising the step of eluting said test compound from said solid support before the detecting step d). 51. The method of claim 40 or 41 wherein the specific binding partner is selected from the group consisting of: a) an antigen, b) an antibody, c) an enzyme, d) an enzyme substrate, e) a receptor, and f) a ligand. 52. The method of claim 40 or 41 wherein said specific binding partner is selected from the group consisting of: growth hormone, human growth hormone, bovine growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, insulin A-chain, insulin-B chain, proinsulin, relaxin A-chain, leptin receptor, fibroblast growth factor, relaxin B-chain, prorelaxin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, glycoprotein hormone receptors, calcitonin, glucagon, factor VIII, an antibody, lung surfactant, urokinase, streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, bombesin, factor IX, thrombin, hemopoietic growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor beta, enkephalinase human serum albumin, mullerian-inhibiting substance, gonadotropin-associated peptide, .beta. lactamase, tissue factor protein, inhibitin, activin, vascular endothelial growth factor, integrin receptors, thrombopoietin, protein A or D, rheumatoid factors, NGF-.beta., platelet growth factor, transforming growth factor, TGF-.alpha., TGF-.beta., insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin growth factor binding proteins, CD4, CD8, DNase, RNase, latency associated peptide, erythropoietin, osteoinductive factors, interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, colony stimulating factors, M-CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF, stem cell factor, interleukins, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, superoxide dismutase, viral antigens, HIV envelope proteins, gp120, gp140, immunoglobulins, proteins encoded by the Ig supergene family, and naturally-occurring proteinaceous ligands, receptors, or substrates thereof. 53. A method of screening a test compound for the ability to bind a specific binding partner comprising the steps: a) constructing a recombinant DNA vector capable of being expressed in a host cell, which vector comprises: i) an open reading frame containing a first sequence region encoding at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain containing at least one region comprising an antigen-binding region, an antibody-binding region, or a hinge region, and ii) a promoter sequence positioned upstream of said open reading frame and capable of directing RNA transcription of said open reading frame within said host cell, wherein said open reading frame contains at least one restriction endonuclease site located between said first sequence region and said promoter sequence for cloning a second sequence region encoding a proteinaceous specific binding partner, provided said first and second sequence regions are cloned so as to preserve said open reading frame between said promoter sequence and a stop codon located at or after the 3' end of said first sequence region, b) inserting said second sequence region into the vector at said restriction endonuclease site, c) causing said vector to enter said host cell, d) incubating said host cell under conditions causing expression of a chimeric protein comprising amino acids encoded by said first and second sequence regions, e) separating said chimeric protein from said host cell, f) contacting a test compound with said chimeric protein under conditions favoring binding of said test compound with said specific binding partner of the chimeric protein, and g) specifically detecting the presence of a complex comprising said test compound bound to said chimeric protein as an indication of the presence of a test compound capable of binding to said specific binding partner. 54. The method of claim 53 wherein the constructing step further comprises inserting a third sequence region encoding at least a portion of the hinge region between said first and second sequence regions so as to preserve said open reading frame between said promoter sequence and said stop codon. 55. The method of claim 53 wherein said open reading frame encodes a chimeric protein containing two or more distinct domains wherein a first domain comprises a proteinaceous specific binding partner and a second domain comprises at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain having a region selected from the group consisting of: i) an an antigenic determinant of an antigen, and ii) an immunoglobulin region capable of binding to an antigenic determinant. 56. The method of claim 55 wherein said specific binding partner is capable of binding a member of the group consisting of: a) an antigen, b) an antibody, c) an enzyme, d) an enzyme substrate, e) a receptor, and f) a ligand. 57. The method of claim 56 wherein said specific binding partner is capable of binding at least a portion of a compound selected from the group consisting of: growth hormone, human growth hormone, bovine growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, insulin A-chain, insulin-B chain, proinsulin, relaxin A-chain, leptin receptor, fibroblast growth factor, relaxin B-chain, prorelaxin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, glycoprotein hormone receptors, calcitonin, glucagon, factor VIII, an antibody, lung surfactant, urokinase, streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, bombesin, factor IX, thrombin, hemopoietic growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor beta, enkephalinase human serum albumin, mullerian-inhibiting substance, gonadotropin-associated peptide, .beta. lactamase, tissue factor protein, inhibitin, activin, vascular endothelial growth factor, integrin receptors, thrombopoietin, protein A or D, rheumatoid factors, NGF-.beta., platelet growth factor, transforming growth factor, TGF-.alpha., TGF-.beta., insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin growth factor binding proteins, CD4, CD8, DNase, RNase, latency associated peptide, erythropoietin, osteoinductive factors, interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, colony stimulating factors, M-CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF, stem cell factor, interleukins, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, superoxide dismutase, viral antigens, HIV envelope proteins, gp120, gp140, immunoglobulins, proteins encoded by the Ig supergene family, naturally-occurring proteinaceous ligands, receptors, or substrates thereof, and peptide analogs thereof. 58. A method of screening a test compound for the ability to bind a specific binding partner comprising the steps: a) constructing a recombinant DNA vector capable of being expressed in a host cell, wherein said vector comprises: i) an open reading frame containing a first DNA sequence encoding at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain, and ii) a promoter sequence positioned upstream of said open reading frame and capable of directing RNA transcription of said open reading frame within said host cell, wherein said open reading frame contains at least one restriction endonuclease site located at or near the 3' end of the first DNA sequence for cloning a second DNA sequence encoding specific binding partner polypeptide, provided said first and second DNA sequences are cloned so as to preserve said open reading frame between said promoter sequence and a stop codon located at or after the 3' end of said second DNA sequence, b) inserting said second DNA sequence into the vector at said restriction endonuclease site, c) causing said vector to enter said host cell, d) incubating said host cell under conditions causing the expression of a chimeric protein comprising amino acids encoded by said first and second DNA sequences, e) separating said chimeric protein from said host cell, f) contacting a test compound with said chimeric protein under conditions favoring binding of said test compound with said specific binding partner polypeptide of the chimeric protein, and g) specifically detecting the presence of a chimeric protein:test compound complex as an indication of the presence of a test compound capable of binding to said specific binding partner polypetide. 59. The method of claim 58 wherein the constructing step further comprises inserting a third DNA sequence encoding at least a portion of an immunoglobulin heavy chain hinge region between said first and second DNA sequences so as to preserve said open reading frame between said promoter sequence and said stop codon. 60. The method of claim 59 wherein said vector of step c) encodes a chimeric protein containing two or more distinct domains, wherein a first domain comprises a specific binding partner polypeptide and a second domain comprises at least a portion of an immunoglobulin chain having a region selected from the group consisting of: i) an antigenic determinant of an antigen, and ii) an immunoglobulin region capable of binding to an antigenic determinant. 61. The method of claim 60 wherein said first DNA sequence encodes at least a portion of an immunoglobulin variable region. 62. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein said specific binding partner polypeptide is capable of binding a member of the group consisting of: a) an antigen, b) an antibody, c) an enzyme, d) an enzyme substrate, e) a receptor, and f) a ligand. 63. The method of claim 60 or 61 wherein said specific binding partner polypeptide is capable of binding at least a portion of a compound selected from the group consisting of: growth hormone, human growth hormone, bovine growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, insulin A-chain, insulin-B chain, proinsulin, relaxin A-chain, leptin receptor, fibroblast growth factor, relaxin B-chain, prorelaxin follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, glycoprotein hormone receptors, calcitonin, glucagon, factor VIII, an antibody, lung surfactant, urokinase, streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, bombesin, factor IX, thrombin, hemopoietic growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor beta, enkephalinase human serum albumin, mullerian-inhibiting substance, gonadotropin-associated peptide, .beta. lactamase, tissue factor protein, inhibitin, activin, vascular endothelial growth factor, integrin receptors, thrombopoietin, protein A or D, rheumatoid factors, NGF-.beta., platelet growth factor, transforming growth factor, TGF-.alpha., TGF-.beta., insulin-like growth factor I and II, insulin growth factor binding proteins, CD4, CD8, DNase, RNase, latency associated peptide, erythropoietin, osteoinductive factors, interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, colony stimulating factors, M-CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF, stem cell factor, interleukins, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, superoxide dismutase, viral antigens, HIV envelope proteins, gp120, gp140 , immunoglobulins, proteins encoded by the Ig supergene family, naturally-occurring proteinaceous ligands, receptors, or substrates thereof, and peptide analogs thereof.

Details for Patent 5,866,341

Applicant	Tradename	Biologic Ingredient	Dosage Form	BLA	Approval Date	Patent No.	Expiredate
Microbix Biosystems Inc.	KINLYTIC	urokinase	For Injection	021846	01/16/1978		2039-02-26
Nps Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	NATPARA	parathyroid hormone	For Injection	125511	01/23/2015		2039-02-26