Claims for Patent: 5,037,749

Summary for Patent: 5,037,749

Title:	Porous immobilization support prepared from animal bone
Abstract:	Porous immobilization support materials for use in physical and chemical processes are produced from bird, animal or fish bone by cleaning finely divided bone to remove all external tissue and by dissolving away all internal tissue from internal pores and internal Haversian canals of the bone to result in cleaned bone containing not more than 0.5% by weight of remaining lipid material, preferably containing only trace amounts, i.e. less than 0.1% by weight. The cleaned bone consists of porous finely-divided animal bone containing a collagenous matrix of organic fibrous connective tissue material including osein having uniformaly distributed therethrough mineral hydroxyapatite. The collagenous matrix provides an ideal distributed site for the chemical attachment of bacteria, cells and enzyme catalysts. The attachment may be by absorption, or by charge attraction, or with a cross-linking agent attachable between the bone and the supported material. An economical source of bone is a boney fraction from mechanical separation of meat and bone such as in recovering meat from chicken necks and backs unwanted by the chicken fast food industry. Chicken bone is more porous than other animal bone and is particularly suitable for immobilization.
Inventor(s):	Findlay; Christopher J. (Cambridge, CA)
Assignee:	Protein Foods Group Inc. (Hamilton, CA)
Application Number:	07/624,960
Patent Claims:	1. An immobilization support material for use in chemical or physical processes for support thereon of supported material, the support consisting of finely-divided animal bone comprising a collagenous matrix of organic fibrous connective tissue material including osein having uniformly distributed therethrough mineral hydroxyapatite, the bone having external surfaces and having internal surfaces provided by internal pores and Haversian canals therein, from the external surfaces of which bone external tissue has been removed, and from the internal surfaces of the internal pores and Haversian canals internal tissue has been removed by dissolving it therefrom, wherein the collagenous matrix is exposed and provides sites for the support thereon of the material to be supported, the cleaned bone containing not more than 0.5% by weight of remaining lipid material. 2. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaned bone contains not more than 0.1% by weight of remaining lipid material. 3. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bone particle size is in the range 0.1-2 mm. 4. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, in combination with a chemical cross-linking agent for the collagenous matrix and the material to be supported thereon. 5. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the chemical cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of glutaraldehyde, cyanogen bromide, hydrazine, carbodiimide, and Woodward's Reagent K. 6. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the animal bone is poultry bone. 7. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, in combination with catalytic material supported thereon. 8. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the catalytic material consists of from 0.25% to 5% by weight of the total of immobilization support material and catalytic material. 9. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the catalytic material is an enzymatic material selected from the group consisting of cells and the enzymes catalase, .beta.-galactosidase, pectinase, lipase, glucose oxidase, glucose isomerase, galactase and protease. 10. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support material is rendered alkaline to produce a positive charge thereon, and in combination with supported material attached by charge attraction. 11. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, in combination with supported material attached by adsorption. 12. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, in combination with supported material, wherein the immobilization support material has been dried to a moisture content of less than 10% before attachment of the supported material thereto. 13. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, wherein osein of the collagenous matrix has been treated with collagenase enzyme to develop attachment sites thereon for attachment of supported material. 14. An immobilization support material as claimed in claim 2, in combination with supported material, wherein the surfaces of the immobilization support material are positively charged to promote attachment of the supported material to the surfaces. 15. A method of making an immobilization support material for support thereon of supported material for chemical and physical processes, the immobilization support material consisting of finely divided animal bone comprising a collagenous matrix of organic fibrous connective tissue material including osein having uniformly distributed therethrough mineral hydroxyapatite, the bone having external surfaces and having internal surfaces provided by internal pores and Haversian canals therein, the method comprising removing external tissue from the external surfaces of finely divided animal bone, and removing internal tissue from the internal surfaces of the pores and Haversian canals by dissolving it therefrom to result in cleaned bone containing not more than 0.5% by weight of remaining lipid material, wherein the collagenous matrix is exposed to provide sites for the support thereon of material to be supported. 16. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the cleaned bone contains not more than 0.1% by weight of remaining lipid material. 17. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the bone is of particle size in the range 0.1-2 mm. 18. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of attaching to the immobilization support material a chemical cross-linking agent for the collagenous matrix and the material to be supported thereon. 19. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the chemical cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of glutaraldehyde, cyanogen bromide, hydrazine, carbodiimide, and Woodward's Reagent K. 20. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the bone is poultry bone. 21. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of attaching to the immobilization support material a catalytic material for support thereon. 22. A method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the catalytic material is an enzymatic material selected from the group consisting of cells and the enzymes catalase, .beta.-galactosidase, pectinase, lipase, glucose oxidase, glucose isomerase, galactase and protease. 23. A method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the catalytic material consists of from 0.25% to 5% by weight of the total of immobilization support material and catalytic material. 24. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of heating the immobilization support material to a temperature of about 65.degree. C.-75.degree. C. for a period sufficient to cause pasteurisation thereof. 25. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the bone is washed with a solution of caustic soda of about 0.25% to 10% concentration to dissolve internal tissue from the bone internal surfaces. 26. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of attaching material to be supported to the immobilization support material, and wherein the immobilization support material is rendered alkaline to produce a positive charge thereon and the material to be supported is attached by charge attraction. 27. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of attaching material to be supported to the immobilization support material, and wherein the supported material is attached by adsorption. 28. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of attaching material to be supported to the immobilization support material, and wherein the immobilization support material is dried to a moisture content of less than 10% before attachment thereto of the material to be supported. 29. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of treating the osein of the collagenous matrix with collagenous enzyme to develop attachment sites thereon for material to be supported thereon.

Details for Patent 5,037,749

Applicant	Tradename	Biologic Ingredient	Dosage Form	BLA	Approval Date	Patent No.	Expiredate
Smith & Nephew, Inc.	SANTYL	collagenase	Ointment	101995	06/04/1965		2008-08-06